使用matplotlib绘制图形

matplotlib的使用

折线图

# coding = utf-8
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
x = range(2,26,2)
y = [15,13,14,5,17,28,25,26,24,22,18,15]
# win下显示中文，matplotlib默认不支持中文库
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['sans-serif']
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
# 设置大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=100)
# 绘制条形图
plt.plot(x,y,label="折线图1")
# 设置横坐标格式
plt.xticks(range(2,25))
# 设置纵坐标格式
plt.yticks(range(min(y),max(y)))
# 设置title
plt.title("折线图")
# 设置横坐标标志
plt.xlabel("时间")
# 设置纵坐标标志
plt.ylabel("数量")
# 显示legend
plt.legend(loc = "upper left")
# 显示图片
plt.show()

图片如下

散点图

#coding=utf-8
import random
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
y_3 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,18,17]
y_10 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,18]
x_3=range(1,32)
x_10=range(50,50+len(y_10))
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['sans-serif']
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

# 设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)

#调整x轴的刻度
_x = list(x_3)+list(x_10)
_xtick_label =["3月{}日".format(i) for i in x_3]
_xtick_label +=["10月{}日".format(i-49) for i in x_10]

plt.xticks(_x[::3],_xtick_label[::3],rotation=45)
plt.xlabel("时间")
plt.ylabel("温度")
plt.title("时间温度")
# 绘制图形
plt.scatter(x_3,y_3,label="3月份")
plt.scatter(x_10,y_10,label="10月份")
# 显示legend
plt.legend(loc="upper left")
plt.show()

图片如下

条形图

#coding = utf8
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
a=["战狼2","机器之血","三傻大闹宝莱坞","金刚","金刚狼","喜剧之王"]
b=[199,234,656,225,789,876]
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['sans-serif']
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
_x = range(len(a))
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=100)
plt.bar(_x,b,width=0.2,color="orange",label="预约数")
plt.xticks(range(len(a)),a,rotation=45)
plt.xlabel("电影")
plt.ylabel("数量")
plt.show()

图片如下