微信公众号获取openid（java后端+html实现）-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43767744/article/details/121747536

准备工作：

1、认证通过的微信公众号

2、获取微信公众号的appid和secret

3、配置回调地址：开发>接口权限>网页服务>网页授权>修改

该示例为用户静默状态下获取openid的流程，需要获取微信用户头像昵称这些，scope=snsapi_base改为scope=snsapi_userinfo即可

/**
 * 获取openid
 * @param
 * @param
 * @return
 */
@CrossOrigin
@GetMapping("/getopenid")
@ResponseBody
public String getopenid(String code,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
    String appid= "公众号appid";
    String secret = "公众号secret";
    response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
    /*星号表示所有的域都可以接受，*/
    response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET,POST");
    String wxLoginUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token";
    String param = "appid="+appid+"&secret="+secret+"&code="+code+"&grant_type=authorization_code";
    String jsonString = GetPostUntil.sendGet(wxLoginUrl, param);
    JSONObject json = JSONObject.parseObject(jsonString);
    String openid = json.getString("openid");
    System.out.println("###############"+openid);
    return openid;
}

以上为java后端代码，主要接收参数为 code

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>测试获取openid</title>
</head>
<body>
   <script>
   var STATE = window.location.search.replace('?', '');
   STATE = encodeURIComponent(STATE)
   window.location.href = 'https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?'+
   'appid=你的微信公众号appid&redirect_uri=回调地址域名（服务器验证通过后，重定向地址）'+
   '&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base（snsapi_base只能获取openid，snsapi_userinfo可以获取openid和用户资料，但此方式需要用户授权操作）&state="+ STATE +"#wechat_redirect"'
   </script>
</body>
</html>

以上是第一个页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>绑定账号</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/font-awesome.min.css">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css">
  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/demo.css">
  <!--<script>-->
    <!--(function (doc, win) { var htmlFont = function () { var docEl = doc.documentElement, l = docEl.clientWidth, f; f = l / 7.5; docEl.style.fontSize = f + "px" }; htmlFont(); win.addEventListener("resize", htmlFont, false) })(document, window);-->
  <!--</script>-->
  <script type="text/javascript" src="js/Libs/jquery.min.js" ></script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
<script>
  !function () {
    // 地址栏获取参数
    function getQueryParam(key, url) {
      var searchStr = url || window.location.search;
      searchStr = url ? decodeURIComponent(searchStr) : searchStr;
      searchStr = searchStr.replace(/^\?/, '');
      var params = searchStr.split('&');
      var paraObj = {};
      params.forEach(function (s) {
        var ss = s.split('=');
        ss.length && (paraObj[ss[0]] = ss[1])
      })
      return paraObj[key] !== undefined ? paraObj[key] : ''
    }
    var code = getQueryParam('code');
    var state = getQueryParam('state');
    //请求后端接口，根据code获取openId
    axios.get('后端域名或ip地址/getopenid?code='+ code,{params:{},headers:{'Access-Control-Allow-Origin':"Access-Control-Allow-Origin"}}).then(function (res) {
     alert("openid="+res.data)
    })

  }()
</script>
</html>

以上为第二个页面，这个页面直接可以获取到我们想要的openid

GetPostUntil 代码

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class GetPostUntil {
    /**
     * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求
     *
     * @param url
     *            发送请求的URL
     * @param param
     *            请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
     * @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果
     */
    public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
        String result = "";
        BufferedReader in = null;
        try {
            String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
            URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
                    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
            // 建立实际的连接
            connection.connect();
            // 获取所有响应头字段
            Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
            // 遍历所有的响应头字段
            for (String key : map.keySet()) {
                System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
            }
            // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    connection.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常！" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 使用finally块来关闭输入流
        finally {
            try {
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (Exception e2) {
                e2.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
     *
     * @param url
     *            发送请求的 URL
     * @param param
     *            请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
     * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
     */
    public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
        PrintWriter out = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
                    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
            // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            // 发送请求参数
            out.print(param);
            // flush输出流的缓冲
            out.flush();
            // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(
                    new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常！"+e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
        finally{
            try{
                if(out!=null){
                    out.close();
                }
                if(in!=null){
                    in.close();
                }
            }
            catch(IOException ex){
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}