针对自己前些日子对jsp的学习，现做些总结，过程中有许多不合理的地方，希望看到这篇博客的大佬们多多指正，感激不尽。该项目是自己根据对MVC开发模式的理解写出来的，大体上实现了模型-视图-控制器的分离，从而增加了程序的可维护性。
MVC：全名是Model View Controller，是模型(model)－视图(view)－控制器(controller)的缩写，一种软件设计典范，用一种业务逻辑、数据、界面显示分离的方法组织代码，将业务逻辑聚集到一个部件里面，在改进和个性化定制界面及用户交互的同时，不需要重新编写业务逻辑。MVC被独特的发展起来用于映射传统的输入、处理和输出功能在一个逻辑的图形化用户界面的结构中。其中：
Model（模型）是应用程序中用于处理应用程序数据逻辑的部分。
通常模型对象负责在数据库中存取数据。
View（视图）是应用程序中处理数据显示的部分。
通常视图是依据模型数据创建的。
Controller（控制器）是应用程序中处理用户交互的部分。
通常控制器负责从视图读取数据，控制用户输入，并向模型发送数据。
对于用户需求：
0.用户登陆自己的账号
1.在购物大厅页面选择商品，
2.选购商品保存到购物车
3.购买商品
对于项目本身，首先包分四类，
com.zx.controller //控制器，用于拿到web页面上的数据，处理用户交互
com.zx.domain //users和books的两个类，用于构建用户和书的实例
com.zx.service //处理业务逻辑，用于与数据库打交道
com.zx.utils //工具类，帮助处理业务逻辑
除了上述四个包之外，还有处理构建用户视图的jsp文件：
hall.jsp //购物大厅
myshopping.jsp //登陆界面
shoppingcart.jsp //我的购物车
submitMyCart.jsp //提交我的购物车
termination.jsp //购买成功
整个程序的架构是这样的：
各包内的代码：
com.zx.controller //控制器，用于拿到web页面上的数据，处理用户交互
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//处理web界面的信息
//此处id，pwd是web页面得到的
String id = request.getParameter("id");
String pwd = request.getParameter("passwd");
System.out.println("your id is"+ " "+ id);
System.out.println("your password is"+ " "+ pwd);
Users user = new Users();
user.setId((Integer.parseInt(id)));
user.setPassword(pwd);
UsersServise UsersServise = new UsersServise();
try {
if (UsersServise.checkUsers(user) == true) {
//验证成功，进入我的购物大厅
//成功后开始调书的数据库
//创建一个购物车
//拿到这个人
request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);//这个地方用session，因为request生命周期非常短
MyCart myCart = new MyCart();
request.getSession().setAttribute("myCart", myCart);
BooksServise bs = new BooksServise();
ArrayList al = bs.CheckBooks();
request.setAttribute("books", al);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/hall.jsp").forward(request, response);
} else {
//验证失败，退回登陆页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/myshopping.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
/**
* 接收或相应用户购买商品的请求
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 判断是放书还是删除书
String type = request.getParameter("type");
if (type.equals("del")) {
// 拿到删除的书
String id = request.getParameter("id");
MyCart myCart = (MyCart) request.getSession().getAttribute("myCart");
myCart.delBook(id);
request.setAttribute("booklist", myCart.showMyCart());
request.setAttribute("totalPrice", myCart.getTotalPrice() + "");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/shoppingcart.jsp").forward(request, response);
} else if (type.equals("add")) {
// 拿到hall的bookid
String id = request.getParameter("id");
System.out.println("id is:" + id);
// 使用购物车
MyCart myCart = (MyCart) request.getSession().getAttribute("myCart");
// 为防止getSession取出的type为空造成的NULLPOINTEXCEPTION，要在之前进行非空判断！
if (myCart != null) {
System.out.println("true");
myCart.addBook(id);
request.setAttribute("booklist", myCart.showMyCart());
request.setAttribute("totalPrice", myCart.getTotalPrice() + "");
}
// 跳转到购物车页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/shoppingcart.jsp").forward(request, response);
} else if (type.equals("update")) {
// 拿到id与书的数量
String bookId[] = request.getParameterValues("id");
String bookNums[] = request.getParameterValues("booknums");
MyCart myCart = (MyCart) request.getSession().getAttribute("myCart");
for (int i = 0; i < bookId.length; i++) {
myCart.updateBook(bookId[i], bookNums[i]);
}
request.setAttribute("booklist", myCart.showMyCart());
request.setAttribute("totalPrice", myCart.getTotalPrice() + "");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/shoppingcart.jsp").forward(request, response);
} else if (type.equals("dingdan")) {
// 提交订单
MyCart myCart = (MyCart) request.getSession().getAttribute("myCart");
request.setAttribute("booklist", myCart.showMyCart());
request.setAttribute("totalPrice", myCart.getTotalPrice() + "");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/submitMyCart.jsp").forward(request, response);
} else if (type.equals("buying")) {
// 终于买了。。。
MyCart myCart = (MyCart) request.getSession().getAttribute("myCart");
BooksServise BooksServise = new BooksServise();
if(BooksServise.insertBooks(myCart)) {
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/termination.jsp").forward(request, response);//如果写入数据库成功才跳转
}
//request.setAttribute("booklist", myCart.showMyCart());
}
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
com.zx.domain
package com.zx.domain;
//商品
public class book {
private int id;
private String name;
private String author;
private String publishHouse;
private float price;
private int nums;
private int haveBookNums = 1;
public int getHaveBookNums() {
return haveBookNums;
}
public void setHaveBookNums(int haveBookNums) {
this.haveBookNums = haveBookNums;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public String getPublishHouse() {
return publishHouse;
}
public void setPublishHouse(String publishHouse) {
this.publishHouse = publishHouse;
}
public float getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(float price) {
this.price = price;
}
public int getNums() {
return nums;
}
public void setNums(int nums) {
this.nums = nums;
}
}
package com.zx.domain;
//用户
public class Users {
private int id;
private String name;
private String password;
private String email;
private String tel;
private String grade;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getTel() {
return tel;
}
public void setTel(String tel) {
this.tel = tel;
}
public String getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
}
com.zx.service
public class BooksServise {
//造书，然后存到书包里
public ArrayList CheckBooks() throws SQLException {
Book_JDBC bj = new Book_JDBC();
ResultSet rs = bj.getAllBook();
int col = rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount();
ArrayList<book> al = new ArrayList<book>();
while(rs.next()) {
book book = new book();
book.setId((Integer.parseInt(rs.getString(1))));
book.setName(rs.getString(2));
book.setAuthor(rs.getString(3));
book.setPublishHouse(rs.getString(4));
book.setPrice((Integer.parseInt(rs.getString(5))));
book.setNums((Integer.parseInt(rs.getString(6))));
al.add(book);
}
return al;
}
//get book by Id number.
public ArrayList GetBookById(String id) throws SQLException {
Book_JDBC bj = new Book_JDBC();
ResultSet rs = bj.getBookById(id);
int col = rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount();
ArrayList<book> al = new ArrayList<book>();
while(rs.next()) {
book book = new book();
book.setId((Integer.parseInt(rs.getString(1))));
book.setName(rs.getString(2));
book.setAuthor(rs.getString(3));
book.setPublishHouse(rs.getString(4));
book.setPrice((Integer.parseInt(rs.getString(5))));
book.setNums((Integer.parseInt(rs.getString(6))));
al.add(book);
}
return al;
}
//insert books into database.
public boolean insertBooks(MyCart mycart) {
Book_JDBC bj = new Book_JDBC();
if(bj.NewOrder(mycart)) {
return true;
}else {
return false;
}
}
}
//处理业务逻辑
//处理和uerstable相关的业务逻辑
public class UsersServise {
// 验证用户是否合法
public boolean checkUsers(Users user) throws SQLException {
// 到数据库验证
boolean bl = false;
users_JDBC uj = new users_JDBC();
int id = user.getId();
String pwd = user.getPassword();// 网页中得到的密码
ResultSet rs = uj.getResult(id, pwd);
if (rs != null) {
while (rs.next()) {
String checkpwd = rs.getString(3);// 数据库中的密码
if (checkpwd.equals(pwd)) {
user.setEmail(rs.getString(4));
user.setTel(rs.getString(5));
user.setGrade(rs.getString(6));
user.setName(rs.getString(2));
bl = true;
break;
}
}
}
return bl;
}
}
//我的购物车，从表单传来的数据存在这里
public class MyCart {
HashMap<String,book> hm = new HashMap<String,book>();
//放书
public void addBook(String id) {
if(hm.containsKey(id)) {
book book = hm.get(id);
int haveBookNums = book.getHaveBookNums();
book.setHaveBookNums(haveBookNums+1);
}else {
try {
hm.put(id,(book)new BooksServise().GetBookById(id).get(0));
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//拿走书
public void delBook(String id) {
hm.remove(id);
}
//更新书
public void updateBook(String id,String nums) {
book book = hm.get(id);
book.setHaveBookNums(Integer.parseInt(nums));
}
//全不要了
public void clearBook() {
hm.clear();
}
//看看我都有哪些书
public ArrayList showMyCart() {
ArrayList<book> al = new ArrayList<book>();
//遍历hashmap
Iterator iterator = hm.keySet().iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
String id =(String)iterator.next();
book book = hm.get(id);
al.add(book);
}
return al;
}
//得到购物车中书的总价
public float getTotalPrice() {
float total = 0.0f;
Iterator iterator = hm.keySet().iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
String bookId = (String) iterator.next();
book book = hm.get(bookId);
total += book.getPrice() * book.getHaveBookNums();
}
return total;
}
}
com.zx.utils
//与数据库“书”建立连接并获取数据
public class Book_JDBC {
public static Connection getConn() {
String driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myshopping?user=root&password=root&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8";
String username = "root";
String password = "root";
Connection conn = null;
try {
Class.forName(driver);
conn = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
// 获取数据库中所有的书
public static ResultSet getAllBook() {
Connection conn = getConn(); // 建立连接
String sql = "select * from booktable";
PreparedStatement pstmt;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
pstmt = (PreparedStatement) conn.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return rs;
}
// 通过id号获取相应的书
public ResultSet getBookById(String id) {
Connection conn = getConn();
String sql = "select * from booktable where bookid=" + id;
PreparedStatement pstmt;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
pstmt = (PreparedStatement) conn.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return rs;
}
// 向数据库导入新的订单
public boolean NewOrder(MyCart mycart) {
ArrayList<book> al = mycart.showMyCart();
Connection conn = getConn();
String sql = "insert into buytable (bookid,bookname,booknums) values(?,?,?)";
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
int res = 0;
try {
for(int i=0;i<al.size();i++) {
pstmt = (PreparedStatement) conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setInt(1, al.get(i).getId());
pstmt.setString(2, al.get(i).getName());
pstmt.setInt(3, al.get(i).getHaveBookNums());
res = pstmt.executeUpdate(); //executeQury可以用于select，而插入用execute
}
pstmt.close();
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(res == 1) {
return true; //等于1说明插入成功
}else {
return false;
}
//与数据库连接的类
public class users_JDBC {
//与数据库连接的方法
public static Connection getConn() {
String driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myshopping?user=root&password=root&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8";
String username = "root";
String password = "root";
Connection conn = null;
try {
Class.forName(driver);
conn = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
//取出数据库中所有数据
public static ResultSet getSelect() {
Connection conn = getConn(); //建立连接
String sql = "select * from userstable";
PreparedStatement pstmt;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
pstmt = (PreparedStatement) conn.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return rs;
}
//取出在数据库中与网页传入数据相等的数据
public ResultSet getResult(int id,String password) {
Connection conn = getConn();//建立连接
String sql = "SELECT * FROM userstable WHERE id ="+ id;
PreparedStatement pstmt;
try {
pstmt = (PreparedStatement) conn.prepareStatement(sql);
if(pstmt == null) {
System.out.println("pstmt");
}
//1.使用resultSet时要注意rs.next();
//2.resultSet是一个结果集，不能直接获取信息，rs.getString("xxx")需要循环遍历;
ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();//取出数据到set集中
return rs;
}catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
登陆界面：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>登陆界面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登陆界面</h1>
<table border="1">
<form action="/myShopping/goHallUI" method="post">
<tr><td>用户名：</td><td><input type="text" name="id"></td></tr>
<tr><td>密码：</td><td><input type="password" name="passwd"></td></tr>
<tr><td><input type="submit" value="登陆"></td><td><input type="reset" value="重置"></td></tr>
</form>
</table>
</body>
</html>
购物大厅：
<%@ page language="java"
import="com.zx.service.*,java.sql.ResultSet,java.util.ArrayList,com.zx.domain.*"
contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>购物大厅</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎光临购物大厅！</h1>
<form action="??" method="post">
<table border="1" width="600px">
<tr>
<td>书号</td>
<td>书名</td>
<td>价格</td>
<td>出版社</td>
<td>是否购买</td>
</tr>
<%
ArrayList al = (ArrayList) request.getAttribute("books"); //拿到goHallUI的arraylist
for (int i = 0; i < al.size(); i++) {
book book = (book) al.get(i); //构造每一本书的实例
%>
<tr>
<td><%=book.getId()%></td>
<td><%=book.getName()%></td>
<td><%=book.getPrice()%></td>
<td><%=book.getPublishHouse()%></td>
<td><a href="/myShopping/ShoppingCLServlet?type=add&id=<%=book.getId()%>">点击购买</a></td>
</tr>
<%
}
%>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
购物车：
<%@ page language="java"
import="com.zx.service.*,java.sql.ResultSet,java.util.ArrayList,com.zx.domain.*"
contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>我的购物清单</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>我的购物车</h1>
<form action="/myShopping/ShoppingCLServlet?type=update" method="post">
<table border="1" width="800px">
<tr>
<td>BookID</td>
<td>书名</td>
<td>价格</td>
<td>出版社</td>
<td>剩余数量</td>
<td>购买数量</td>
<td>是否删除</td>
</tr>
<%
//显示从hall准备买的书
ArrayList al = (ArrayList) request.getAttribute("booklist");
if (al != null) {
System.out.println("true"); //判断值传进来没
for (int i = 0; i < al.size(); i++) {
book book = (book) al.get(i);
System.out.println(book.getId());
System.out.println(book.getName());
System.out.println(book.getPrice());
System.out.println(book.getPublishHouse());
System.out.println(book.getNums());
System.out.println("买书的数量："+book.getHaveBookNums());
%><tr>
<td><%=book.getId()%><input type="hidden" name="id" value=<%=book.getId() %>></td>
<td><%=book.getName()%></td>
<td><%=book.getPrice()%></td>
<td><%=book.getPublishHouse()%></td>
<td><%=book.getNums()%></td>
<td><input type="text" name="booknums" value="<%=book.getHaveBookNums()%>"/></td>
<td><a href="/myShopping/ShoppingCLServlet?type=del&id=<%=book.getId()%>">是否删除</a></td>
</tr>
<%
}
out.println("消费总金额为："+request.getAttribute("totalPrice")+" 元");
}
%>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="update"></td>
<td><a href="/myShopping/ShoppingCLServlet?type=dingdan">提交订单</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
最终购买：
<%@ page language="java"
import="com.zx.service.*,java.sql.ResultSet,java.util.ArrayList,com.zx.domain.*"
contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>submitMyCart</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/myShopping/ShoppingCLServlet?type=buying" method="post">
<table border="2">
<%
Users user =(Users)request.getSession().getAttribute("user");
if(user != null){
%>
<tr>
<td>您的Id</td>
<td>您的名字</td>
<td>您的电话</td>
<td>您的邮箱</td>
<td>您的等级</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><%=user.getId()%></td>
<td><%=user.getName()%></td>
<td><%=user.getTel()%></td>
<td><%=user.getEmail()%></td>
<td><%=user.getGrade()%></td>
</tr>
<%
}
%>
</table>
<table border="1">
<%
ArrayList al = (ArrayList) request.getAttribute("booklist");
if(al != null){
System.out.println("TRUE!");
for (int i = 0; i < al.size(); i++) {
book book = (book) al.get(i);
%><tr>
<td><%=book.getId()%><input type="hidden" name="id" value=<%=book.getId() %>></td>
<td><%=book.getName()%></td>
<td><%=book.getPrice()%></td>
<td><%=book.getPublishHouse()%></td>
<td><%=book.getNums()%></td>
<td><%=book.getHaveBookNums()%> 本</td>
</tr>
<%
}
out.println("消费总金额为："+request.getAttribute("totalPrice")+" 元");
}
%>
</table>
<input type="submit" value="确认购买" >
</form>
</body>
</html>
购买成功：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
out.print("购买成功");
%>
</body>
</html>
index：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<jsp:forward page="WEB-INF/myshopping.jsp"></jsp:forward>
</body>
</html>
数据库：
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