JVM运行时数据区分析

为保证信息的可靠性，本文尽量标记出处，避免作者个人的主观见解对广大读者的影响
技术的可靠解读基于官方文档

JVM运行时数据区

官方文档地址： https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se8/html/jvms-2.html#jvms-2.5
以下是根据官方文档绘制的图样

PC Register(程序计数器)
什么是程序计数器？ 百科文档

JVM中Java对象内存结构

此段描述通过Hotspot源码中Java对象在JVM内存结构分析的过程。

oop.hpp

文件地址：src/share/vm/oops/oop.hpp
定义Java对象的结构

class oopDesc {
  friend class VMStructs;
 private:
  volatile markOop  _mark;
  union _metadata {
    Klass*      _klass;
    narrowKlass _compressed_klass;
  } _metadata;
  ...
}

oopDesc的继承关系

typedef class oopDesc*                            oop;
typedef class   instanceOopDesc*            instanceOop;
typedef class   arrayOopDesc*                    arrayOop;
typedef class     objArrayOopDesc*            objArrayOop;
typedef class     typeArrayOopDesc*            typeArrayOop;

markOop.hpp

文件地址： src/share/vm/oops/markOop.hpp
定义对象头结构
请原谅我没有制作表格

//  32 bits:
//  --------
//             hash:25 ------------>| age:4    biased_lock:1 lock:2 (normal object)
//             JavaThread*:23 epoch:2 age:4    biased_lock:1 lock:2 (biased object)
//             size:32 ------------------------------------------>| (CMS free block)
//             PromotedObject*:29 ---------->| promo_bits:3 ----->| (CMS promoted object)
//
//  64 bits:
//  --------
//  unused:25 hash:31 -->| unused:1   age:4    biased_lock:1 lock:2 (normal object)
//  JavaThread*:54 epoch:2 unused:1   age:4    biased_lock:1 lock:2 (biased object)
//  PromotedObject*:61 --------------------->| promo_bits:3 ----->| (CMS promoted object)
//  size:64 ----------------------------------------------------->| (CMS free block)

//
//  - the two lock bits are used to describe three states: locked/unlocked and monitor.
//
//    [ptr             | 00]  locked             ptr points to real header on stack
//    [header      | 0 | 01]  unlocked           regular object header
//    [ptr             | 10]  monitor            inflated lock (header is wapped out)
//    [ptr             | 11]  marked             used by markSweep to mark an object
//                                               not valid at any other time

Klass.hpp

文件地址： src/share/vm/oops/klass.hpp
定义了JVM语言级别的class对象，描述了父子级关系，成员，方法等。

class Klass : public Metadata {
  friend class VMStructs;
 protected:
  // note: put frequently-used fields together at start of klass structure
  // for better cache behavior (may not make much of a difference but sure won't hurt)
  // 8字节对齐，64位系统，字长64bit，CPU一次处理64位bit，用于内存优化
  enum { _primary_super_limit = 8 };	

  // The "layout helper" is a combined descriptor of object layout.
  // For klasses which are neither instance nor array, the value is zero.
  //
  // For instances, layout helper is a positive number, the instance size.
  // This size is already passed through align_object_size and scaled to bytes.
  // The low order bit is set if instances of this class cannot be
  // allocated using the fastpath.
  //
  // For arrays, layout helper is a negative number, containing four
  // distinct bytes, as follows:
  //    MSB:[tag, hsz, ebt, log2(esz)]:LSB
  // where:
  //    tag is 0x80 if the elements are oops, 0xC0 if non-oops
  //    hsz is array header size in bytes (i.e., offset of first element)
  //    ebt is the BasicType of the elements
  //    esz is the element size in bytes
  // This packed word is arranged so as to be quickly unpacked by the
  // various fast paths that use the various subfields.
  //
  // The esz bits can be used directly by a SLL instruction, without masking.
  //
  // Note that the array-kind tag looks like 0x00 for instance klasses,
  // since their length in bytes is always less than 24Mb.
  //
  // Final note:  This comes first, immediately after C++ vtable,
  // because it is frequently queried.
  jint        _layout_helper;

  // The fields _super_check_offset, _secondary_super_cache, _secondary_supers
  // and _primary_supers all help make fast subtype checks.  See big discussion
  // in doc/server_compiler/checktype.txt
  //
  // Where to look to observe a supertype (it is &_secondary_super_cache for
  // secondary supers, else is &_primary_supers[depth()].
  juint       _super_check_offset;

  // Class name.  Instance classes: java/lang/String, etc.  Array classes: [I,
  // [Ljava/lang/String;, etc.  Set to zero for all other kinds of classes.
  Symbol*     _name;

  // Cache of last observed secondary supertype
  Klass*      _secondary_super_cache;
  // Array of all secondary supertypes
  Array<Klass*>* _secondary_supers;
  // Ordered list of all primary supertypes
  Klass*      _primary_supers[_primary_super_limit];
  // java/lang/Class instance mirroring this class
  oop       _java_mirror;
  // Superclass
  Klass*      _super;
  // First subclass (NULL if none); _subklass->next_sibling() is next one
  Klass*      _subklass;
  // Sibling link (or NULL); links all subklasses of a klass
  Klass*      _next_sibling;

  // All klasses loaded by a class loader are chained through these links
  Klass*      _next_link;

  // The VM's representation of the ClassLoader used to load this class.
  // Provide access the corresponding instance java.lang.ClassLoader.
  ClassLoaderData* _class_loader_data;

  jint        _modifier_flags;  // Processed access flags, for use by Class.getModifiers.
  AccessFlags _access_flags;    // Access flags. The class/interface distinction is stored here.

  // Biased locking implementation and statistics
  // (the 64-bit chunk goes first, to avoid some fragmentation)
  jlong    _last_biased_lock_bulk_revocation_time;
  markOop  _prototype_header;   // Used when biased locking is both enabled and disabled for this type
  jint     _biased_lock_revocation_count;

  JFR_ONLY(DEFINE_TRACE_ID_FIELD;)

  // Remembered sets support for the oops in the klasses.
  jbyte _modified_oops;             // Card Table Equivalent (YC/CMS support)
  jbyte _accumulated_modified_oops; // Mod Union Equivalent (CMS support)

根据继承关系可以看出 这是Metaspace即方法区内存中的东西（图样中的Class元对象）

// This is the base class for an internal Class related metadata
class Metadata : public MetaspaceObj {
  ...
}

Klass继承关系

class Klass;
class   InstanceKlass;
class     InstanceMirrorKlass;
class     InstanceClassLoaderKlass;
class     InstanceRefKlass;
class   ArrayKlass;
class     ObjArrayKlass;
class     TypeArrayKlass;

narrowKlass

// If compressed klass pointers then use narrowKlass.
typedef juint  narrowKlass;

64位系统对象大小估算
markOop 8字节
Klass指针 8字节
一个至少对象至少有16字节

更新记录：
2020-11-17 根据官方文档，将”方法区“替换为"元数据区"