Spring Boot自动配置原理（深入源码）

Spring Boot的应用启动都是在创建项目后自动生成主配置类的Application代码：

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

进入到注解配置@SpringBootApplication中可以看到：

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = {@Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
), @Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)

其中@EnableAutoConfiguration就是开启自动配置类的注释；

自动配置原理
Spring Boot启动的时候加载主配置类，开启了自动配置功能@EnableAutoConfiguration ，在进入该注解之后：

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
    String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";
    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};
    String[] excludeName() default {};
}

其中的注解@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})使用选择器给容器中导入一些组件。其中有一个方法protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations()获取候选的配置，下面来简单看一下该方法:

protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
        List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());
        Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
        return configurations;
    }

SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()方法用来扫描jar包的类路径下的META-INF/spring.factories，SpringFactoriesLoader类中的loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader)方法负责把扫描的文件封装称properties对象，而this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass()方法负责从properties中获取到EnableAutoConfiguration.class类对应的值把他们添加到容器中；
即就是将类路径下的 META-INF/spring.factories里面配置的所有EnableAutoConfiguration的值添加到了容器中