K8S安装过程笔记

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 20:37:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 20:37:53 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43790195/article/details/104632191

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一、基本环境配置

1、关闭selinux

# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

改为 SELINUX=disabled

2、关闭swap分区或禁用swap文件

# swapoff -a
 注释掉关于swap分区的行
# yes | cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_bak
# cat /etc/fstab_bak |grep -v swap > /etc/fstab

3、修改网卡配置

$ vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
$ sysctl -p

4、启用内核模块

$ vim /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4

5、关闭防火墙

# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld

6、配置hosts

# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.5.100 k8s-master
192.168.5.110 k8s-node-01
192.168.5.120 k8s-node-02

二、kubectl、kubeadm、kubelet的安装

1、添加Kubernetes的yum源

此处使用alibaba的镜像源

# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
	http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg

2、安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl

1）安装最新版本

# yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

2）指定版本

# yum install -y kubelet-1.16.3 kubeadm-1.16.3 kubectl-1.16.3

3、启动kubelet服务

# systemctl enable kubelet
# systemctl start kubelet

此时执行systemctl status kubelet查看服务状态，服务状态应为Error(255)，是正常，如果是其他错误可使用journalctl -xe查看错误信息。

4、Docker安装和配置

1、Docker安装

可参考：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43790195/article/details/104631795 或
docker的安装请查看官网文档(Overview of Docker editions)[https://docs.docker.com/install/overview/]

2、配置cgroup-driver为systemd

查看cgroup-driver
# docker info | grep -i cgroup
追加 --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd 参数
# sed -i "s#^ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd.*#ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd#g" /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
# systemctl daemon-reload # 重新加载服务
# systemctl enable docker # 启用docker服务(开机自起)
# systemctl restart docker # 启动docker服务
 或者修改docker配置文件
# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}

5、预先拉取所需镜像

1）查看kubeadm所需镜像
# kubeadm config images list
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.16.3
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.3
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.16.3
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.3
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.15-0
k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2

2）拉取镜像
# docker pull kubeimage/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.3
# docker pull kubeimage/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.3
# docker pull kubeimage/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.3
# docker pull kubeimage/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.3
# docker pull kubeimage/pause-amd64:3.1
# docker pull kubeimage/etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0
# docker pull coredns/coredns:1.6.2

3）对预先拉取的镜像重新打tag
# docker tag kubeimage/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.3  k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.16.3
# docker tag kubeimage/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.3  k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.16.3
# docker tag kubeimage/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.3  k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.16.3
# docker tag kubeimage/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.3 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.3
# docker tag kubeimage/pause-amd64:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
# docker tag kubeimage/etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.3.15-0
# docker tag coredns/coredns:1.6.2 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.2

4）删除镜像
# docker rmi kubeimage/kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.16.3
# docker rmi kubeimage/kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.16.3
# docker rmi kubeimage/kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.16.3
# docker rmi kubeimage/kube-proxy-amd64:v1.16.3
# docker rmi kubeimage/pause-amd64:3.1
# docker rmi kubeimage/etcd-amd64:3.3.15-0
# docker rmi coredns/coredns:1.6.2

以上步骤需要在node节点和master节点执行，当前步骤仅需在master节点执行。

三、Master节点的配置

1）初始化master节点，
 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 指定使用flannel网络
 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.5.100 指向master节点IP，此处也可以使用hosts
# kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
  --kubernetes-version=v1.16.3 \
  --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.5.100

执行上述命令的输出为：

[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.16.3
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
	[WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 19.03.4. Latest validated version: 18.09
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 10.0.0.5]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [master localhost] and IPs [10.0.0.5 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [master localhost] and IPs [10.0.0.5 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 13.002108 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.16" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''"
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: kt58np.djd3youoqb0bnz4r
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 10.0.0.5:6443 --token kt58np.djd3youoqb0bnz4r \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:37a3924142dc6d57eac2714e539c174ee3b0cda723746ada2464ac9e8a2091ce

2）接下来执行剩余的初始化步骤：

# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

3）Flannel网络插件的配置
Flannel的官方文档地址为： https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

具体安装步骤：

1、安装Flannel

# kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

2、监听安装进度

$ watch kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

出现以下内容时为安装成功：

NAMESPACE    NAME                                       READY  STATUS   RESTARTS  AGE
kube-system  calico-kube-controllers-6ff88bf6d4-tgtzb   1/1    Running  0         2m45s
kube-system  calico-node-24h85                          1/1    Running  0         2m43s
kube-system  coredns-846jhw23g9-9af73                   1/1    Running  0         4m5s
kube-system  coredns-846jhw23g9-hmswk                   1/1    Running  0         4m5s
kube-system  etcd-jbaker-1                              1/1    Running  0         6m22s
kube-system  kube-apiserver-jbaker-1                    1/1    Running  0         6m12s
kube-system  kube-controller-manager-jbaker-1           1/1    Running  0         6m16s
kube-system  kube-proxy-8fzp2                           1/1    Running  0         5m16s
kube-system  kube-scheduler-jbaker-1                    1/1    Running  0         5m41s

3、测试

# kubectl get nodes -o wide
NAME                STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION   INTERNAL-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   OS-IMAGE                KERNEL-VERSION           CONTAINER-RUNTIME
kubernetes-master   Ready      master   4d12h   v1.16.3   192.168.56.101   <none>        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)   3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64   docker://19.3.4

四、Node节点的初始化

1）master打印出信息命令

# kubeadm token create --print-join-command

2）登录node节点，执行加入集群的命令，完成加入集群操作

# kubeadm join k8s-master:6443 --token ayecek.m1z9i95py9onp3pu     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:5744c2ac29caf2c42696306505a743cf53e1242896490e960c25c5d5d99e343f

3）在master节点上查看添加结果

# kubectl get nodes -o wide
NAME                STATUS     ROLES    AGE     VERSION   INTERNAL-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   OS-IMAGE                KERNEL-VERSION           CONTAINER-RUNTIME
kubernetes-master   Ready      master   4d12h   v1.16.3   192.168.56.101   <none>        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)   3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64   docker://19.3.4
kubernetes-node-1   Ready      <none>   4d12h   v1.16.3   192.168.56.102   <none>        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)   3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64   docker://19.3.4

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K8S安装过程笔记

一、基本环境配置1、关闭selinux# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux改为 SELINUX=disabled2、关闭swap分区或禁用swap文件# swapoff -a 注释掉关于swap分区的行# yes | cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_bak# cat /etc/fstab_bak |grep -v swap > /etc/...
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