from django.db import models
class Blog(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
tagline = models.TextField()
def __str__(self): # __unicode__ on Python 2
return self.name
class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
email = models.EmailField()
def __str__(self): # __unicode__ on Python 2
return self.name
class Entry(models.Model):
blog = models.ForeignKey(Blog)
headline = models.CharField(max_length=255)
body_text = models.TextField()
pub_date = models.DateField()
mod_date = models.DateField()
authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author)
n_comments = models.IntegerField()
n_pingbacks = models.IntegerField()
rating = models.IntegerField()
def __str__(self): # __unicode__ on Python 2
return self.headline
反向查询
如果模型I有一个ForeignKey,那么该ForeignKey 所指的模型II实例可以通过一个管理器返回前面有ForeignKey的模型I的所有实例。默认情况下,这个管理器的名字为foo_set,其中foo 是源模型的小写名称。该管理器返回的查询集可以用上一节提到的方式进行过滤和操作。
例如:
>>> b = Blog.objects.get(id=1)
>>> b.entry_set.all() # Returns all Entry objects related to Blog.
# b.entry_set is a Manager that returns QuerySets.
>>> b.entry_set.filter(headline__contains='Lennon')
>>> b.entry_set.count()
你可以在ForeignKey 定义时设置related_name 参数来覆盖foo_set 的名称。例如,如果Entry 模型改成blog =ForeignKey(Blog, related_name='entries'),那么上面的示例代码应该改成这样:
>>> b = Blog.objects.get(id=1)
>>> b.entries.all() # Returns all Entry objects related to Blog.
# b.entries is a Manager that returns QuerySets.
>>> b.entries.filter(headline__contains='Lennon')
>>> b.entries.count()