数据库连接报错：com.mysql.cj.exceptions.CJCommunicationsException: Communications link failure

报错信息：

 java.sql.SQLNonTransientConnectionException: Could not create connection to database server. Attempted reconnect 3 times. Giving up.

Caused by: com.mysql.cj.exceptions.CJCommunicationsException: Communications link failure

java.sql.SQLNonTransientConnectionException: Could not create connection to database server. Attempted reconnect 3 times. Giving up.
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:111)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:98)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:90)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:64)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:74)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectWithRetries(ConnectionImpl.java:895)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:820)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:446)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:239)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:188)
	at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidAbstractDataSource.createPhysicalConnection(DruidAbstractDataSource.java:1657)
	at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidAbstractDataSource.createPhysicalConnection(DruidAbstractDataSource.java:1723)
	at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource.init(DruidDataSource.java:927)
	at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource.getConnection(DruidDataSource.java:1401)
	at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource.getConnection(DruidDataSource.java:1397)
	at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource.getConnection(DruidDataSource.java:100)
Caused by: com.mysql.cj.exceptions.CJCommunicationsException: Communications link failure

The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
	at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor4891.newInstance(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
	at com.mysql.cj.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.createException(ExceptionFactory.java:62)
	at com.mysql.cj.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.createException(ExceptionFactory.java:105)
	at com.mysql.cj.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.createException(ExceptionFactory.java:150)
	at com.mysql.cj.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.createCommunicationsException(ExceptionFactory.java:166)
	at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.NativeSocketConnection.connect(NativeSocketConnection.java:89)
	at com.mysql.cj.NativeSession.connect(NativeSession.java:121)
	at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectWithRetries(ConnectionImpl.java:839)
	... 27 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.net.SocketTimeoutException: connect timed out
	at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:350)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
	at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
	at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
	at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:607)
	at com.mysql.cj.protocol.StandardSocketFactory.connect(StandardSocketFactory.java:153)
	at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.NativeSocketConnection.connect(NativeSocketConnection.java:63)
	... 29 common frames omitted

使用场景：

1、使用异步线程创建连接池；

2、使用Map存储连接池对象；

现象：

1、使用 show processlist ;命令查看 创建连接的数据库中有很多sleep的线程

2、排查发现，代码中创建线程池比关闭线程池的次数多，导致有部分线程池未关闭

解决方案：

1、创建线程池时用的HashMap存储，修改成ConcurrentHashMap；---未解决问题

2、在创建线程池存储的地方加上synchronized，使用同步代码块