Shell脚本
为了完成某一任务,将相关的Shell命令存放在文件中,并自动执行。
Shell脚本语言
Shell是一门弱语言,没有数据类型,只有一个字符串类型
- 脚本的解释器: /bin/bash
- Shell源文件的后缀名:.sh
- 输入输出
输出:
echo “信息”---------输出行
printf “信息”
输入:
read 变量名
read “提示” 变量名
- 执行程序:路径/文件名
- 变量定义
变量名=值
引用变量:引用变量的内容
获取变量内容:$ {变量名}
获取变量长度:$ {#变量名}
获取字符串:$ {变量名:n:m}
运行结果
- 数值测试
test:比较稳健类型或者数值字符的大小
test ···数值1···-eq···数值2·······是否相等
···················-ge··················大于等于
···················-gt···················大于
···················-le···················小于等于
···················-lt····················小于
···················-ne··················不等于 - 流程控制
选择控制:当某条件成立时才执行;否则不执行
if condition
then
command1
else
command2
fi
多分支
if condition1
then
command1
elif condition2
then
command2
···
fi
嵌套if
if condition1
then
if condition2
then
command1
fi
fi
嵌套if实例:求三个数中的最大值和次大值
运行结果: