ucore操作系统实验lab1练习1
- 题目内容
1、操作系统镜像文件ucore.img是如何一步一步生成的?(需要比较详细地解释Makefile中每一条相关命令和命令参数的含义,以及说明命令导致的结果)
2、一个被系统认为是符合规范的硬盘主引导扇区的特征是什么?
- Makefile及编译过程简要分析
Makefile内容语法繁杂,这里仅就学习中查阅到的相关知识点进行记录,细节部分由于水平有限不做分析。
- 对变量的赋值
“:=”将值赋值给左边变量
PROJ := challenge
EMPTY :=
SPACE := $(EMPTY) $(EMPTY)
SLASH := /
V := @
以上是简单的赋值内容,之后在makefile里利用shell函数进行赋值:
#利用条件判断ifdef ifndef 很好理解,在执行makefile是若定义了GCCPREFIX=??则不会重新赋值
ifndef GCCPREFIX
GCCPREFIX := $(shell if i386-elf-objdump -i 2>&1 | grep '^elf32-i386$$' >/dev/null 2>&1; \
then echo 'i386-elf-'; \
elif objdump -i 2>&1 | grep 'elf32-i386' >/dev/null 2>&1; \
then echo ''; \
else echo "***" 1>&2; \
echo "*** Error: Couldn't find an i386-elf version of GCC/binutils." 1>&2; \
echo "*** Is the directory with i386-elf-gcc in your PATH?" 1>&2; \
echo "*** If your i386-elf toolchain is installed with a command" 1>&2; \
echo "*** prefix other than 'i386-elf-', set your GCCPREFIX" 1>&2; \
echo "*** environment variable to that prefix and run 'make' again." 1>&2; \
echo "*** To turn off this error, run 'gmake GCCPREFIX= ...'." 1>&2; \
echo "***" 1>&2; exit 1; fi)
endif
# try to infer the correct QEMU
ifndef QEMU
QEMU := $(shell if which