随手记录4:spring上下文ApplicationContext 两种获取方式和使用获取普通对象和FactoryBean的不同；

简介

项目中基本上好多对象都是交给spring管理的;
但是有些静态的工具类中想获取该对象又不能通过   @Autowired直接注入;
或者有些方法里面需要使用到spring托管的对象; 可以通过ApplicationContext 直接获取;

关于ApplicationContext 获取

		获取 方式一:
		基于springboot有最简单的获取方式 main方法启动类的入口可以直接获取到applicationContext 

@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class, args);
	}
} 

获取方式二:
通过实现ApplicationContextAware 接口然后实现setApplicationContext 方法;

@Component
public class SpringAware implements ApplicationContextAware {
	private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
	@Override
	public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
		this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
	}
	
	/**
	 *根据spring托管对象的beanName获取实力对象;
	 * @author  khy
	 * @createTime 2020年9月3日下午1:47:03
	 * @param name
	 * @return
	 */
	public <T>T getBeanByName(String name){
		return (T) applicationContext.getBean(name);
	}
}

//上述类中属性可以定义成 	private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;
//静态的,然后在当前方法里面可以通过静态方法获取我们需要的spring管理的各种service/mapper等内容;

关于ApplicationContext 使用

主要是通过spring上下文获取交给spring管理的bean;
还是通过前面写过的文章案例 FactoryBean 的使用

1.UserService .java

类中通过@service注解初始化对象

Service("userService")
public class UserService {
	private String userName="UserService命名小康康";
	public UserService() {
		System.out.println(this);
		System.out.println("UserService初始化");
	}
	private UserService(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
	
	public static UserService getInstance(String userName){
		return new UserService(userName);
	}
	public String say(String detail) {
		System.out.println("用户{"+userName+"} say{"+detail+"}");
		return "say执行完毕";
	}
}

2.FactoryBeanConfig .java

通过

@Configuration
public class FactoryBeanConfig {
	@Bean
	public UserServiceFactoryBean createUserFactoryBean (){
		UserServiceFactoryBean bean = new UserServiceFactoryBean("createUserFactoryBean命名小康康");
		System.out.println("createUserFactoryBean初始化");
		return bean;
	}
	@Bean
	public UserService createUserService (){
		UserService bean = UserService.getInstance("createUserService命名小康康");
		System.out.println("createUserService初始化");
		return bean;
	}
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/factory")
public class FactoryController {
	@Autowired
	private SpringAware springAware;
	
	@Autowired
	private UserServiceFactoryBean factoryBean;
	
	@Autowired
	private UserService userService;
	@Autowired
	private UserService createUserService;
	@Autowired
	private UserService createUserFactoryBean;
	
	@RequestMapping("/test")
	public String test() throws Exception{
		
		System.out.println("///userService执行开始//");
		String say = userService.say("注入的userService成功");
		UserService getService = springAware.getBeanByName("userService");
		say = getService.say("SpringAware获取的的userService成功");
		System.out.println("///userService执行结束//");
		
		System.out.println("///createUserService执行开始//");
		say = createUserService.say("注入的createUserService成功");
		UserService getService1 = springAware.getBeanByName("createUserService");
		say = getService1.say("SpringAware获取的的createUserService成功");
		System.out.println("///createUserService执行结束//");
		
		System.out.println("///createUserFactoryBean执行开始//");
		say = createUserFactoryBean.say("注入的createUserFactoryBean成功");
		UserService getService2 = springAware.getBeanByName("createUserFactoryBean");
		say = getService2.say("SpringAware获取的的createUserFactoryBean成功");
		System.out.println("///createUserService执行结束//");
		
		/**
		 * 上面都是直接获取的UserService
		 * UserService createUserFactoryBean 是通过工厂UserServiceFactoryBean创建的
		 * 但是如果想拿到工厂类本身则通过ApplicationContext 获取的时间需要添加&
		 */
		
		System.out.println("///工厂类UserServiceFactoryBean执行开始//");
		say = factoryBean.getObject().say("注入的createUserFactoryBean的UserServiceFactoryBean成功");
		UserServiceFactoryBean getFactory = springAware.getBeanByName("&createUserFactoryBean");
		getFactory.getObject().say("SpringAware获取的的UserServiceFactoryBean成功");
		System.out.println("///工厂类UserServiceFactoryBean执行结束//");
		return "执行完毕了"+say;
	}
}

结论

 通过applicationContext 获取spring中托管的对象内容;
 案例中是通过spring托管的beanName 来获取的指定对象的内容
 案例中通过方法获取的对象和通过@Autowired注入的(beanName相同的情况下是同一个内存对象)
 
 ******想获取FactoryBean 本身的对象则需要在beanName前面添加&
 例如本文的案例中的 UserServiceFactoryBean 是UserService的工厂类
 在FactoryBeanConfig 初始化,虽然看似初始化的UserServiceFactoryBean  ,但是其实获取的到的是
 其实是目标对象内容,  所以applicationContext 通过beanName=createUserFactoryBean  获取到的是UserService对象; 要获取UserServiceFactoryBean类则beanName=&createUserFactoryBean 
 
@Bean
public UserServiceFactoryBean createUserFactoryBean (){
	UserServiceFactoryBean bean = new UserServiceFactoryBean("createUserFactoryBean命名小康康");
	System.out.println("createUserFactoryBean初始化");
	return bean;
}