Python 科学计算和绘图实例附代码

初次学习，代码都有详解

1.为点添加标签

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
N = 10
data = np.random.random((N, 4))
labels = ['point{0}'.format(i) for i in range(N)]
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom = 0.1)
plt.scatter(
    data[:, 0], data[:, 1], marker = 'o', c = data[:, 2], s = data[:, 3]*1500,
    cmap = plt.get_cmap('Spectral'))
for label, x, y in zip(labels, data[:, 0], data[:, 1]):
    plt.annotate(
        label,
        xy = (x, y), xytext = (-20, 20),
        textcoords = 'offset points', ha = 'right', va = 'bottom',
        bbox = dict(boxstyle = 'round,pad=0.5', fc = 'yellow', alpha = 0.5),
        arrowprops = dict(arrowstyle = '->', connectionstyle = 'arc3,rad=0'))
plt.savefig('./picture/为点加标签')
plt.show()

2.legend不在一块

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.arange(0., np.e, 0.01)
y1 = np.exp(-x)
y2 = np.log(x+1)
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax1.plot(x, y1,label='bb')
ax1.set_ylabel('Y values for exp(-x)')
ax2 = ax1.twinx() # this is the important function
ax2.plot(x, y2, 'r',label = 'aa')
ax2.set_xlim([0, np.e])
ax2.set_ylabel('Y values for ln(x)')
ax2.set_xlabel('Same X for both exp(-x) and ln(x)')
ax1.legend()
ax2.legend(loc=0