Java 设计模式（模板方法模式）

模板方法模式

在一个方法中定义一个算法的骨架，而将一些步骤延迟到子类中。模板方法使得子类可以在不改变算法结构的情况下，重新定义算法中的某些步骤。

好莱坞原则：

1. 别调用我们，我们会调用你。（低层组件将自己挂钩到系统上，但是高层组件会决定什么时候和怎样使用这些低层组件）

示例

/**
 * 模板方法
 *
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/15 16:21
 */
public abstract class CaffeineBeverageWithHook {
    void prepareRecipe() {
        boilWater();
        brew();
        pourInCup();
        if (customerWantsCondiments()) {
            addCondiments();
        }
    }

    abstract void brew();

    abstract void addCondiments();

    void boilWater() {
        System.out.println("Boiling water");
    }

    void pourInCup() {
        System.out.println("Pouring into cup");
    }

    /**
     * 钩子，子类可以选择性覆盖
     *
     * @return
     */
    boolean customerWantsCondiments() {
        return true;
    }
}

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

/**
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/15 16:24
 */
public class CoffeeWithHook extends CaffeineBeverageWithHook {
    void brew() {
        System.out.println("Dripping Coffee through filter");
    }

    void addCondiments() {
        System.out.println("Adding Sugar and Milk");
    }

    public boolean customerWantsCondiments() {
        String answer = getUserInput();
        if (answer.toLowerCase().startsWith("y")) {
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    private String getUserInput() {
        String answer = null;
        System.out.print("Would like milk and sugar with your coffee (y/n) ?");
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        try {
            answer = in.readLine();
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            System.out.println("IOException");
        }
        if (answer == null) {
            return "no";
        }
        return answer;
    }
}

/**
 * @author NNroc
 * @date 2020/8/15 16:24
 */
public class CoffeeWithHook extends CaffeineBeverageWithHook {
    void brew() {
        System.out.println("Dripping Coffee through filter");
    }

    void addCondiments() {
        System.out.println("Adding Sugar and Milk");
    }

    public boolean customerWantsCondiments() {
        String answer = getUserInput();
        if (answer.toLowerCase().startsWith("y")) {
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    private String getUserInput() {
        String answer = null;
        System.out.print("Would like milk and sugar with your coffee (y/n) ?");
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        try {
            answer = in.readLine();
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            System.out.println("IOException");
        }
        if (answer == null) {
            return "no";
        }
        return answer;
    }
}