Chrony时间同步服务

简介

Chrony是一个开源的自由软件，像CentOS 7或基于RHEL 7操作系统，已经是默认服务，默认配置文件在 /etc/chrony.conf 它能保持系统时间与时间服务器（NTP）同步，让时间始终保持同步。相对于NTP时间同步软件，占据很大优势。其用法也很简单。

安装Chrony

yum install -y chrony 

配置Chrony

vim /etc/chrony.conf

1. 将原有配置的4个server注释掉，加入新的一行server，作为时钟同步的主机，该主机可以为任意局域网内的主机。
2. 打开allow配置的注释，修改为指定子网，或者网络以允许NTP连接到扮演时钟服务器的机器。
3. 将 local stratum 10 这行的注释打开
   

# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 172.16.176.11
# Ignore stratum in source selection.
stratumweight 0

# Record the rate at which the system clock gains/losses time.
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift

# Enable kernel RTC synchronization.
rtcsync

# In first three updates step the system clock instead of slew
# if the adjustment is larger than 10 seconds.
makestep 10 3

# Allow NTP client access from local network.
allow  172.16.0.0/16
# Listen for commands only on localhost.
#bindcmdaddress 127.0.0.1
#bindcmdaddress ::1

# Serve time even if not synchronized to any NTP server.
local stratum 10

keyfile /etc/chrony.keys

# Specify the key used as password for chronyc.
commandkey 1

# Generate command key if missing.
generatecommandkey

# Disable logging of client accesses.
noclientlog

# Send a message to syslog if a clock adjustment is larger than 0.5 seconds.
logchange 0.5

logdir /var/log/chrony
#log measurements statistics tracking

分发配置文件

将/etc/chrony.conf文件分发到所有主机上，所有主机使用一样的配置即可。

scp /etc/chrony.conf mini2:/etc/
scp /etc/chrony.conf mini3:/etc/

启动并加入开机自启

# 开机自启
systemctl enable chronyd.service

# 重启服务
systemctl restart chronyd.service

# 查看服务状态
systemctl status chronyd.service

防火墙设置

如果防火墙处于关闭状态，请忽略并跳过

firewall-cmd --add-service=ntp --permanent

firewall-cmd --reload

查看当前系统时区

[root@mini1 ~]# timedatectl
      Local time: 一 2019-11-25 17:45:00 CST
  Universal time: 一 2019-11-25 09:45:00 UTC
        RTC time: 一 2019-11-25 09:45:00
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a

查看时间同步源

[root@mini1 ~]# chronyc sources -v
210 Number of sources = 1

  .-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock.
 / .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| /   '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample               
===============================================================================
^? mini1  

查看时间同步源状态

[root@mini1 ~]# chronyc sourcestats -v
210 Number of sources = 1
                             .- Number of sample points in measurement set.
                            /    .- Number of residual runs with same sign.
                           |    /    .- Length of measurement set (time).
                           |   |    /      .- Est. clock freq error (ppm).
                           |   |   |      /           .- Est. error in freq.
                           |   |   |     |           /         .- Est. offset.
                           |   |   |     |          |          |   On the -.
                           |   |   |     |          |          |   samples. \
                           |   |   |     |          |          |             |
Name/IP Address            NP  NR  Span  Frequency  Freq Skew  Offset  Std Dev
==============================================================================
mini1                       2   0    64     +0.000   2000.000  -5470ns  4000ms

校准时间同步服务

[root@mini1 ~]# chronyc tracking
Reference ID    : 7F7F0101 ()
Stratum         : 10
Ref time (UTC)  : Mon Nov 25 09:46:34 2019
System time     : 0.000000000 seconds fast of NTP time
Last offset     : +0.000000000 seconds
RMS offset      : 0.000000000 seconds
Frequency       : 2.468 ppm fast
Residual freq   : +0.000 ppm
Skew            : 0.000 ppm
Root delay      : 0.000000000 seconds
Root dispersion : 0.000000000 seconds
Update interval : 0.0 seconds
Leap status     : Normal

详情参考