JavaSE基础项目：改进版开发团队人员调度软件

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前言

这个项目源自尚硅谷宋红康老师的Java基础课程，看上去很简单，但是也困扰了我小半天。

一、项目需求

该项目实现以下功能

二、软件架构设计

MVC三层架构

三、实现过程

第一步：创建项目基本组件

1、TSUtility工具类

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.view;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * @Author: shkstart  Email:shkstart@126.com
 * @Description: 项目中提供了TSUtility.java类，可用来方便地实现键盘访问。
 * @Date: Created in 12:02 2019/02/12
 */
public class TSUtility {
    private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    /**
     *
     * @Description 该方法读取键盘，如果用户键入’1’-’4’中的任意字符，则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
     * @author shkstart
     * @date 2019年2月12日上午12:03:30
     * @return
     */
    public static char readMenuSelection() {
        char c;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if (c != '1' && c != '2' &&
                    c != '3' && c != '4') {
                System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
            } else break;
        }
        return c;
    }
    /**
     *
     * @Description 该方法提示并等待，直到用户按回车键后返回。
     * @author shkstart
     * @date 2019年2月12日上午12:03:50
     */
    public static void readReturn() {
        System.out.print("按回车键继续...");
        readKeyBoard(100, true);
    }
    /**
     *
     * @Description 该方法从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     * @author shkstart
     * @date 2019年2月12日上午12:04:04
     * @return
     */
    public static int readInt() {
        int n;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }
    /**
     *
     * @Description 从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     * @author shkstart
     * @date 2019年2月12日上午12:04:45
     * @return
     */
    public static char readConfirmSelection() {
        char c;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
                break;
            } else {
                System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return c;
    }

    private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
        String line = "";

        while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
            line = scanner.nextLine();
            if (line.length() == 0) {
                if (blankReturn) return line;
                else continue;
            }

            if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
                System.out.print("输入长度（不大于" + limit + "）错误，请重新输入：");
                continue;
            }
            break;
        }
        return line;
    }
}

2、Equipment接口

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:    设备类的接口
 * @Date: Created in 15:01 2020/12/14
 */
public interface Equipment {
    public String getDescription();
}

PC类

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description: 电脑
 * @Date: Created in 15:07 2020/12/14
 */
public class PC implements Equipment{
    private final String MODEL; //机器的型号
    private final String DISPLAY;   //显示器型号

    public PC(String MODEL, String DISPLAY) {
        this.MODEL = MODEL;
        this.DISPLAY = DISPLAY;
    }

    public String getMODEL() {
        return this.MODEL;
    }

    public String getDISPLAY() {
        return this.DISPLAY;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        return "PC{" +
                "MODEL='" + MODEL + '\'' +
                ", DISPLAY='" + DISPLAY + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

NoteBook类

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description: 
 * @Date: Created in 15:12 2020/12/14
 */
public class NoteBook implements Equipment{
    private final String MODEL;
    private final int PRICE;

    public NoteBook(String MODEL, int PRICE) {
        this.MODEL = MODEL;
        this.PRICE = PRICE;
    }

    public String getMODEL() {
        return this.MODEL;
    }

    public int getPRICE() {
        return this.PRICE;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        return "NoteBook{" +
                "MODEL='" + MODEL + '\'' +
                ", PRICE=" + PRICE +
                '}';
    }
}

Printer类

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:    打印机
 * @Date: Created in 15:15 2020/12/14
 */
public class Printer implements Equipment{
    private final String NAME;
    private final String TYPE;

    public Printer(String NAME, String TYPE) {
        this.NAME = NAME;
        this.TYPE = TYPE;
    }

    public String getNAME() {
        return this.NAME;
    }

    public String getTYPE() {
        return this.TYPE;
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        return "Printer{" +
                "NAME='" + NAME + '\'' +
                ", TYPE='" + TYPE + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

3、Employee类及其子类的设计

status类（service包中）

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:
 * @Date: Created in 15:28 2020/12/14
 */
public class Status {
    private final String NAME;
    public Status(String name) {
        this.NAME = name;
    }
    public static final Status FREE = new Status("FREE");
    public static final Status VOCATION = new Status("VOCATION");
    public static final Status BUSY = new Status("BUSY");
    public String getNAME() {
        return NAME;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return NAME;
    }
}

Employee类

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:    员工
 * @Date: Created in 15:02 2020/12/14
 */
public class Employee {
    private final int ID;
    private final String NAME;
    private final int AGE;
    private double salary;
    private int memberId;   //记录成员加入开发团队后在团队中的ID

    public Employee(int ID, String NAME, int AGE, double salary) {
        this.ID = ID;
        this.NAME = NAME;
        this.AGE = AGE;
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public int getID() {
        return ID;
    }

    public String getNAME() {
        return NAME;
    }

    public int getAGE() {
        return AGE;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public void setSalary(int salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public String getDetails() {
        if (NAME.length() == 2) {
            return ID + "\t\t" + NAME + "\t\t" + AGE + "\t\t" + salary;
        }
        return ID + "\t\t" + NAME + "\t" + AGE + "\t\t" + salary;
    }

    protected String getMemberDetails() {
        return getMemberId() + "/" + getDetails();
    }

    public String getDetailsForTeam() {
        return getMemberDetails() + "\t客服";
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return getDetails();
    }

    public int getMemberId() {
        return memberId;
    }

    public void setMemberId(int memberId) {
        this.memberId = memberId;
    }
}

Programmer类

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain;

import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service.Status;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:    程序员
 * @Date: Created in 15:25 2020/12/14
 */
public class Programmer extends Employee{
    private Status status;  //员工状态
    private Equipment equipment;

    public Programmer(int ID, String NAME, int AGE, double salary, Equipment equipment) {
        super(ID, NAME, AGE, salary);
        this.equipment = equipment;
    }

    public Status getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(Status status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public Equipment getEquipment() {
        return equipment;
    }

    public void setEquipment(Equipment equipment) {
        this.equipment = equipment;
    }

    protected String getMemberDetails() {
        return getMemberId() + "/" + super.getDetails();
    }

    public String getDetailsForTeam() {
        return getMemberDetails() + "\t程序员";
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return getDetails() + "\t程序员\t" + status + "\t\t\t\t\t" + equipment.getDescription() ;
    }
}

Designer类

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:    设计师
 * @Date: Created in 15:38 2020/12/14
 */
public class Designer extends Programmer{
    private double bonus;   //奖金

    public Designer(int ID, String NAME, int AGE, double salary, Equipment equipment, double bonus) {
        super(ID, NAME, AGE, salary, equipment);
        this.bonus = bonus;
    }

    public double getBonus() {
        return bonus;
    }

    public void setBonus(double bonus) {
        this.bonus = bonus;
    }

    public String getDetailsForTeam() {
        return getMemberDetails() + "\t设计师\t" + getBonus();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return getDetails() + "\t设计师\t" + getStatus() + "\t" +
                getBonus() +"\t\t\t" + getEquipment().getDescription();
    }
}

Architect类（我这里用SystemArchitect表示了）

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:    架构师
 * @Date: Created in 15:40 2020/12/14
 */
public class SystemArchitect extends Designer{
    private int stock;  //持有股份

    public SystemArchitect(int ID, String NAME, int AGE, double salary, Equipment equipment, double bonus, int stock) {
        super(ID, NAME, AGE, salary, equipment, bonus);
        this.stock = stock;
    }

    public int getStock() {
        return stock;
    }

    public void setStock(int stock) {
        this.stock = stock;
    }

    public String getDetailsForTeam() {
        return getMemberDetails() + "\t架构师\t" +
                getBonus() + "\t" + getStock();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return getDetails() + "\t架构师\t" + getStatus() + "\t" +
                getBonus() + "\t" + getStock() + "\t" + getEquipment().getDescription();
    }
}

第二步：实现service包中的类

1、NameListService类的设计

Data类（用于保存数据）

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:
 * @Date: Created in 14:53 2020/12/14
 */
public class Data {
    public static final int EMPLOYEE = 10;
    public static final int PROGRAMMER = 11;
    public static final int DESIGNER = 12;
    public static final int ARCHITECT = 13;

    public static final int PC = 21;
    public static final int NOTEBOOK = 22;
    public static final int PRINTER = 23;

    //Employee  :  10, id, name, age, salary
    //Programmer:  11, id, name, age, salary
    //Designer  :  12, id, name, age, salary, bonus
    //Architect :  13, id, name, age, salary, bonus, stock
    public static final String[][] EMPLOYEES = {
            {"10", "1", "庞宏毅", "22", "3000"},
            {"13", "2", "关锋", "32", "18000", "15000", "2000"},
            {"11", "3", "法越彬", "23", "7000"},
            {"11", "4", "高云柱", "24", "7300"},
            {"12", "5", "赵波", "28", "10000", "5000"},
            {"11", "6", "龚俊良", "22", "6800"},
            {"12", "7", "张晖", "29", "10800","5200"},
            {"13", "8", "刘钰", "30", "19800", "15000", "2500"},
            {"12", "9", "诸葛裕", "26", "9800", "5500"},
            {"11", "10", "黄曦", "21", "6600"},
            {"11", "11", "马齐", "25", "7100"},
            {"12", "12", "魏成周", "27", "9600", "4800"}
    };

    //如下的EQUIPMENTS数组与上面的EMPLOYEES数组元素一一对应
    //PC      :21, model, display
    //NoteBook:22, model, price
    //Printer :23, name, type
    public static final String[][] EQUIPMENTS = {
            {},
            {"22", "联想T4", "6000"},
            {"21", "戴尔", "NEC17寸"},
            {"21", "戴尔", "三星 17寸"},
            {"23", "佳能 2900", "激光"},
            {"21", "华硕", "三星 17寸"},
            {"21", "华硕", "三星 17寸"},
            {"23", "爱普生20K", "针式"},
            {"22", "惠普m6", "5800"},
            {"21", "戴尔", "NEC 17寸"},
            {"21", "华硕","三星 17寸"},
            {"22", "惠普m6", "5800"}
    };
}

NameListService类

在此类中设置了员工的status

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service;

import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain.*;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:
 * @Date: Created in 16:21 2020/12/14
 */
public class NameListService {
    private final Employee[] employees;

    public NameListService() {
        employees = new Employee[12];

        for (int i = 0; i < employees.length; i++) {
            int id = Integer.parseInt(Data.EMPLOYEES[i][1]);    //id号
            String name = Data.EMPLOYEES[i][2]; //姓名
            int age = Integer.parseInt(Data.EMPLOYEES[i][3]);   //年龄
            double salary = Double.parseDouble(Data.EMPLOYEES[i][4]);   //工资

            Equipment equipment = null;
            if (i != 0) {
                equipment = switch (Data.EQUIPMENTS[i][0]) {  //设备信息
                    case "21" -> new PC(Data.EQUIPMENTS[i][1], Data.EQUIPMENTS[i][2]);
                    case "22" -> new NoteBook(Data.EQUIPMENTS[i][1], Integer.parseInt(Data.EQUIPMENTS[i][2]));
                    case "23" -> new Printer(Data.EQUIPMENTS[i][1], Data.EQUIPMENTS[i][2]);
                    default -> null;
                };
            }

            if (Data.EMPLOYEES[i][0].equals("10")) {    //普通员工
                employees[i] = new Employee(id, name, age, salary);

            }else if (Data.EMPLOYEES[i][0].equals("11")) {//程序员
                Programmer p = new Programmer(id, name, age, salary, equipment);
                Status status = new Status("FREE");
                p.setStatus(status);
                employees[i] = p;

            }else if (Data.EMPLOYEES[i][0].equals("12")) {  //设计师
                Designer d = new Designer(id, name, age ,salary, equipment,
                        Double.parseDouble(Data.EMPLOYEES[i][5]));
                Status status = new Status("FREE");
                d.setStatus(status);
                employees[i] = d;

            }else if (Data.EMPLOYEES[i][0].equals("13")) {  //架构师
                SystemArchitect architect = new SystemArchitect(id, name, age, salary, equipment,
                        Double.parseDouble(Data.EMPLOYEES[i][5]), Integer.parseInt(Data.EMPLOYEES[i][6]));
                Status status = new Status("FREE");
                architect.setStatus(status);
                employees[i] = architect;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     *获取当前所有员工
     * @return  包含所有员工对象的数组
     */
    public Employee[] getAllEmployees() {
        return this.employees;
    }

    /**
     *获取指定ID的员工对象
     * @param id    指定员工的ID
     * @return  指定员工对象
     */
    public Employee getEmployee(int id) throws TeamException{
        if (id > 12 || id < 1) {
            throw new TeamException("找不到该成员");
        }
        return employees[id-1];
    }
}

自定义异常类TeamException

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:
 * @Date: Created in 17:11 2020/12/14
 */
public class TeamException extends Exception{
    static final long serialVersionUID = -33875169124229948L;

    public TeamException() {
    }

    public TeamException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

2、TeamService类的设计

TeamService类

我在此类中添加了一个输入TID得到员工信息的方法

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service;

import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain.Designer;
import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain.Employee;
import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain.Programmer;
import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain.SystemArchitect;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:    关于开发团队成员的管理：添加、删除等
 * @Date: Created in 17:38 2020/12/14
 */
public class TeamService {
    private static int counter = 1; //团队中员工的id
    private final int MAX_MEMBER = 5;   //最多成员数量
    private Programmer[] members;   //团队成员
    private int total;  //团队成员的实际人数

    public TeamService() {
        members = new Programmer[MAX_MEMBER];
        total = 0;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return  当前团队的所有对象
     */
    public Employee[] getTeam() {
        Employee[] temp = new Employee[total];
        for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            temp[i] = members[i];
        }
        return temp;
    }

    /**
     * 向团队中添加成员
     * @param e 员工
     * @throws TeamException
     */
    public void addMember(Employee e) throws TeamException{
        if (total >= MAX_MEMBER) {
            throw new TeamException("成员已满，无法添加");
        }
        if (!(e instanceof Programmer)) {
            throw new TeamException("该成员不是开发人员，无法添加");
        }

        Programmer p = (Programmer) e;

        if (isExist(p)) {
            throw new TeamException("该员工已在本团队中");
        }

        if(p.getStatus().getNAME().equals("BUSY")) {
            throw new TeamException("该员工已是某团队成员");
        }else if(p.getStatus().getNAME().equals("VOCATION")) {
            throw new TeamException("该员正在休假，无法添加");
        }

        int numOfArch = 0, numOfDsgn = 0, numOfPrg = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            if (members[i] instanceof SystemArchitect) numOfArch++;
            else if (members[i] instanceof Designer) numOfDsgn++;
            else if (members[i] instanceof Programmer) numOfPrg++;
        }

        if (p instanceof SystemArchitect) {
            if (numOfArch >= 1) throw new TeamException("团队中至多只能有一名架构师");
        } else if (p instanceof Designer) {
            if (numOfDsgn >= 2) throw new TeamException("团队中至多只能有两名设计师");
        } else if (p instanceof Programmer) {
            if (numOfPrg >= 3) throw new TeamException("团队中至多只能有三名程序员");
        }

        p.setStatus(Status.BUSY);	//设置队员状态
        p.setMemberId(counter++);
        members[total++] = p;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param e 员工
     * @return  员工是否已经添加到团队中
     */
    private boolean isExist(Programmer p) {
        for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            if (members[i].getID() == p.getID()) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     *从团队中删除成员
     * @param memberId  待删除成员的memberId
     * @throws TeamException
     */
    public void removeMember(int memberId) throws TeamException{
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            if (members[i].getMemberId() == memberId) {
                members[i].setStatus(Status.FREE);
                break;
            }
        }
        //如果遍历一遍，都找不到，则报异常
        if (i == total) {
            throw new TeamException("找不到该成员，无法删除");
        }
        //后面的元素覆盖前面的元素
        for (int j = i; j < total - 1; j++) {
            members[j] = members[j+1];
        }
        members[--total] = null;
    }

    public int getMAX_MEMBER() {
        return this.MAX_MEMBER;
    }

    public int getTotal() {
        return this.total;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param tId   团队列表中的编号
     * @return  员工信息
     */
    public Programmer getEmployee(int tId) throws TeamException{
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            if (members[i].getMemberId() == tId) {
                return members[i];
            }
        }
        if (i == total) {
            throw new TeamException("找不到该成员，无法删除");
        }
        return null;
    }
}

第三步：实现view包中类

1、TeamView类

我在此类的deleteMember()方法中稍作改进，使得在删除之前还能显示要删除的这名员工的信息

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.view;

import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain.Employee;
import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.domain.Programmer;
import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service.NameListService;
import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service.TeamException;
import pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.service.TeamService;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:
 * @Date: Created in 18:49 2020/12/14
 */
public class TeamView {
    private final NameListService listSvc;    //公司成员
    private final TeamService teamSvc;    //开发团队成员

    public TeamView() {
        listSvc = new NameListService();
        teamSvc = new TeamService();
    }

    /**
     * 主界面显示及控制方法
     */
    public void enterMainMenu() {
        char key = 0;

        while (true) {
            if (key != '1') {
                listAllEmployees();
            }
            System.out.print("1-团队列表  2-添加团队成员  3-删除团队成员 4-退出   请选择(1-4)：");
            key = TSUtility.readMenuSelection();
            System.out.println();
            switch (key) {
                case '1' -> getTeam();
                case '2' -> addMember();
                case '3' -> deleteMember();
                case '4' -> {
                    System.out.print("确认是否退出(Y/N)：");
                    char yn = TSUtility.readConfirmSelection();
                    if (yn == 'Y') {
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 以表格形式列出公司所有成员
     */
    private void listAllEmployees() {
        System.out.println("-------------------------------------开发团队调度软件--------------------------------------");
        Employee[] employees = listSvc.getAllEmployees();
        if (employees.length == 0) {
            System.out.println("没有客户记录！");
        }else {
            System.out.println("ID\t\t姓名\t\t年龄\t\t工资\t\t职位\t\t状态\t\t奖金\t\t股票\t\t领用设备");
        }

        for (Employee e : employees) {
            System.out.println(" " + e);
        }
        System.out.println("----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
    }

    /**
     * 显示团队成员列表操作
     */
    private void getTeam() {
        System.out.println("--------------------团队成员列表---------------------");
        Employee[] employees = teamSvc.getTeam();
        if (teamSvc.getTotal() == 0) {
            System.out.println("开发团队目前没有成员！");
        }else {
            System.out.println("TID/ID\t\t姓名\t\t年龄\t\t工资\t\t职位\t\t奖金\t\t股票");
            for (Employee e : employees) {
                System.out.println(" " + e.getDetailsForTeam());
            }
        }
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------");
    }

    /**
     * 添加成员操作
     */
    private void addMember() {
        System.out.println("---------------------添加成员---------------------");
        System.out.println("请输入要添加的员工ID：");
        int id = TSUtility.readInt();

        try {
            Employee e = listSvc.getEmployee(id);
            teamSvc.addMember(e);
            System.out.println("添加成功");
        } catch (TeamException teamException) {
            System.out.println("添加失败，原因：" + teamException.getMessage());
        }
        // 按回车键继续...
        TSUtility.readReturn();
    }

    /**
     * 删除成员操作
     */
    private void deleteMember() {
        System.out.println("---------------------删除成员---------------------");
        System.out.print("请输入要删除员工的TID：");
        int id = TSUtility.readInt();
        Programmer p;
        try {
            System.out.println("TID\t\t姓名\t\t年龄\t\t工资\t\t职位\t\t奖金\t\t股票");
            p = teamSvc.getEmployee(id);
            System.out.println(p.getDetailsForTeam());
        } catch (TeamException teamException) {
            System.out.println("删除失败，原因：" + teamException.getMessage());
        }

        System.out.print("确认是否删除(Y/N)：");
        char yn = TSUtility.readConfirmSelection();
        if (yn == 'N') {
            return;
        }

        try {
            teamSvc.removeMember(id);
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        } catch (TeamException teamException) {
            System.out.println("删除失败，原因：" + teamException.getMessage());
        }
        // 按回车键继续...
        TSUtility.readReturn();
    }
}

2、测试类

package pers.victorgong.开发团队的人员调度软件.view;

/**
 * @Author: Victor Gong
 * @Description:    测试
 * @Date: Created in 18:49 2020/12/14
 */
public class ProjectTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TeamView teamView = new TeamView();
        teamView.enterMainMenu();
    }
}

四、测试结果

添加的员工非程序员

添加成功

员工已在团队中

显示团队成员

删除操作

五、总结

1.整个项目是看照着课件思路一个一个做的，中间遇到了很多难题，慢慢解决克服这些困难之后收获非常大。
2.这个项目过后就可以暂时告别JavaSE基础部分的学习，开始后半部分，希望未来的学习之路更加顺利!

六、最后

感谢大家的阅读，自学Java的朋友也可以跟我交流学习方面的内容哦。
如文章有误还请纠正，谢谢