前言:
字典是python中一种常见得数据类型,用{}表示,并且以键值对得形式存放数据。
Python中的函数,函数的作用就是将某一个功能进行打包,进行功能的调用。
正文:
一、进行字典的定义
字典 key - value 键值对进行对应
value可以是任何数据类型
格式:
变量名 = {
'key1值' : [value1,value2,value3],
'key2值' :[value1,value2,value3],
}
示例1:
s = {
'linux':[100,80,90],
'westos': [112,34,56],
'redhat':[23.46,78],
}
print(s)
print(type(s))
执行结果:
/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos2/venv/bin/python /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos2/进行字典的定义.py
{'linux': [100, 80, 90], 'westos': [112, 34, 56], 'redhat': [23.46, 78]}
<class 'dict'>
Process finished with exit code 0
二、工厂函数
进行字典的直接定义
格式:
变量名 = dict(key1=value1,key2=value2)
示例1:
d = dict(name=123,westos=456)
print(d)
执行结果:
/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos2/venv/bin/python /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos2/工厂函数.py
{'name': 123, 'westos': 456}
Process finished with exit code 0
三、进行字典的嵌套
格式:
变量名 = {
key1:{ key4: 'value1,
key5::value2,
key6:value3
}
key2{ key6:value4,
key7:value5,
key8:value6,
}
}
示例1:
students = {
'05166099':{
'name':'wsp',
'age':18,
'score':80
},
'05166080':{
'name': 'laoli',
'age': 30,
'score': 59
}
}
print(students['05166099']['name'])
执行结果:
/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos2/venv/bin/python /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos2/工厂函数.py
wsp
Process finished with exit code 0
四、字典的特性
1、字典的成员操作符
示例1:
d = {
'name': 'westos',
'age' : 16,
'score': 59,
}
print('name' in d)
执行结果:
/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/venv/bin/python /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/字典的成员操作符.py
True
Process finished with exit code 0
2、进行字典的煸历
示例1:
d = {
'name': 'westos',
'age' : 16,
'score': 59,
}
for v in d:
print(v)
执行结果:
/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/venv/bin/python /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/字典的成员操作符.py
name
age
score
Process finished with exit code 0
五、进行字典的增加
1、进行一个元素的增加
说明:如果key值存在,则更新对应的value值
如果key值不存在,则添加对应的key-value中
(1)当key值存在进行单个元素的增加
示例1:
d = {
'name' : 'laoli',
'age' : 18,
'score' : 59,
'sex' : 'femal',
}
d['score']= 60
print(d)
执行结果:
/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/venv/bin/python /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/venv/进行单个元素的增加.py
{'name': 'laoli', 'age': 18, 'score': 60, 'sex': 'femal'}
Process finished with exit code 0
(2)当key值不存在时,进行单个元素的增加
示例2:
d = {
'name' : 'laoli',
'age' : 18,
'score' : 59,
'sex' : 'femal',
}
d['hobby']= 'eat'
print(d)
执行结果:
/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/venv/bin/python /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/venv/进行单个元素的增加.py
{'name': 'laoli', 'age': 18, 'score': 59, 'sex': 'femal', 'hobby': 'eat'}
Process finished with exit code 0
六、添加多个key-values值的添加
(1)
示例:
d = {
'name' : 'westos',
'age' : 18,
}
d_1 = {
'scare' : 59,
'hobby' : 'eat',
'femal' : 'man',
}
d.update(d_1)
print(d)
执行结果:
/home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westos4/venv/bin/python /home/kiosk/PycharmProjects/westo