javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building

解决 javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certific ation path to requested target

现象描述

https协议动态代理另一个服务器项目，需要nginx反向代理，nginx已配置证书，但还是出现了上述错误。

原因

SSL证书验证不通过。

解决方案

为容器添加startssl ca证书：

• 新建InstallCert .java文件

/*
 - Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 -  - Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 - modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 - are met:
 -  -   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 -     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 -  -   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 -     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 -     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 -  -   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 -     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 -     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 -  - THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 - IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 - THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 - PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 - CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 - EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 - PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 - PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 - LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 - NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 - SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
 
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;
 
import java.security.*;
import java.security.cert.*;
 
import javax.net.ssl.*;
 
public class InstallCert {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    String host;
    int port;
    char[] passphrase;
    if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
        String[] c = args[0].split(":");
        host = c[0];
        port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
        String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
        passphrase = p.toCharArray();
    } else {
        System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
        return;
    }
 
    File file = new File("jssecacerts");
    if (file.isFile() == false) {
        char SEP = File.separatorChar;
        File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP
            + "lib" + SEP + "security");
        file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
        if (file.isFile() == false) {
        file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
        }
    }
    System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
    InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
    KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
    ks.load(in, passphrase);
    in.close();
 
    SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
    TrustManagerFactory tmf =
        TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
    tmf.init(ks);
    X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager)tmf.getTrustManagers()[0];
    SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
    context.init(null, new TrustManager[] {tm}, null);
    SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();
 
    System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
    SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(host, port);
    socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
    try {
        System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
        socket.startHandshake();
        socket.close();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
    } catch (SSLException e) {
        System.out.println();
        e.printStackTrace(System.out);
    }
 
    X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
    if (chain == null) {
        System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
        return;
    }
 
    BufferedReader reader =
        new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
 
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
    System.out.println();
    MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
    MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
    for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
        X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
        System.out.println
            (" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN());
        System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
        sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
        System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
        md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
        System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
        System.out.println();
    }
 
    System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
    String line = reader.readLine().trim();
    int k;
    try {
        k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
        return;
    }
 
    X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
    String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
    ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);
 
    OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
    ks.store(out, passphrase);
    out.close();
 
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println(cert);
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println
        ("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
        + alias + "'");
    }
 
    private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
 
    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
    for (int b : bytes) {
        b &= 0xff;
        sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
        sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
        sb.append(' ');
    }
    return sb.toString();
    }
 
    private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
 
    private final X509TrustManager tm;
    private X509Certificate[] chain;
 
    SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
        this.tm = tm;
    }
 
    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
 
    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
        throws CertificateException {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
 
    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
        throws CertificateException {
        this.chain = chain;
        tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
    }
    }
 
}

将上述代码拷贝到新建的InstallCert.java一个类里面，不要新建package(包)

• 用jdk编译一下这个类：
  编译：javac InstallCert.java
  运行：java InstallCert 192.168.1.22:443（ps:后面的ip、port,是请求出错的地址，也可以用域名代理ip）
  运行后，会生成一个jssecacerts的文件,会看到如下信息：

java InstallCert ecc.fedora.redhat.com
Loading KeyStore /usr/jdk/instances/jdk1.5.0/jre/lib/security/cacerts...
Opening connection to ecc.fedora.redhat.com:443...
Starting SSL handshake...
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:150)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1476)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:174)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:168)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:846)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:106)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:495)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:433)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:815)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1025)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1038)
at InstallCert.main(InstallCert.java:63)
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:221)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:145)
at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:203)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:172)
at InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(InstallCert.java:158)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.JsseX509TrustManager.checkServerTrusted(SSLContextImpl.java:320)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:839)
... 7 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:236)
at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:194)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:216)
... 13 more
Server sent 2 certificate(s):
1 Subject CN=ecc.fedora.redhat.com, O=example.com, C=US
   Issuer CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
   sha1    2e 7f 76 9b 52 91 09 2e 5d 8f 6b 61 39 2d 5e 06 e4 d8 e9 c7 
   md5     dd d1 a8 03 d7 6c 4b 11 a7 3d 74 28 89 d0 67 54
2 Subject CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
   Issuer CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
   sha1    fb 58 a7 03 c4 4e 3b 0e e3 2c 40 2f 87 64 13 4d df e1 a1 a6 
   md5     72 a0 95 43 7e 41 88 18 ae 2f 6d 98 01 2c 89 68
Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]

然后输入1，直接回车，会在当前的目录下产生一个名为‘jssecacerts’的证书。
将证书拷贝到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目录下，然后重启容器。
问题解决。

注：
1、安装证书与查看证书默认密码是changeit

2、查看当前已加入信任的证书，需要输入密码changeit

keytool -list -keystore /usr/local/jdk/jre/lib/security/cacerts

ps:/usr/local/jdk/是jdk安装的路径。

3、重浏览器导出证书，浏览器访问你要访问的https URL, 第一次访问会有提示安装证书，安装完成后，ie,火狐点击地址栏中的 锁 查看证书。ie使用工具->internet选项->内容-证书，导出你的证书，格式是DER二进制编码(X.509).cer. 将证书传到Linux服务器。

4.导入证书，需要输入密码changeit

keytool -import -alias LL1 -keystore /usr/local/jdk/jre/lib/security/cacerts -file /usr/local/tomcat6/LL1.cer

ps:/usr/local/tomcat6/LL1.cer为3产生的证书放在服务器的位置