开发合约并部署到测试网【麒麟】

作者：michael@比特天梯

先决条件

• 安装cleos客户端
• 安装eosio-cpp合约编译器

详见 《EOS开发客户端安装》

麒麟测试网相关信息

1. 官网

https://www.cryptokylin.io/

2. 代码

https://github.com/cryptokylin/CryptoKylin-Testnet

3. RPC入口

https://api.kylin.alohaeos.com
https://api-kylin.eoslaomao.com

chainID: 5fff1dae8dc8e2fc4d5b23b2c7665c97f9e9d8edf2b6485a86ba311c25639191

4. 浏览器

http://tools.cryptokylin.io
https://kylin.bloks.io/
https://kylin.eosq.app/

5. 在线钱包

https://kylin.bloks.io/wallet
https://eostoolkit.io/

开发合约

编辑以下代码并保持为hello.cpp

#include <eosiolib/eosio.hpp>
#include <eosiolib/print.hpp>

using namespace eosio;

class hello : public contract {
  public:
      using contract::contract;

      [[eosio::action]]
      void hi( name user ) {
         eosio::print( "Hello, ", name{user});
      }
};
EOSIO_DISPATCH( hello, (hi));

注意：不同版本的编译器对合约的语法有些不太一样（后续讲解合约语法的时候详解）

编译合约

到合约存放目录，执行以下命令进行合约编译

$ eosio-cpp -o hello.wasm hello.cpp --abigen

执行后，检查目录下是否生成.wasm和.abi文件；打开.abi文件如下：

{
    "____comment": "This file was generated with eosio-abigen. DO NOT EDIT Sat Nov 24 15:42:53 2018",
    "version": "eosio::abi/1.0",
    "structs": [
        {
            "name": "hi",
            "base": "",
            "fields": [
                {
                    "name": "user",
                    "type": "name"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "types": [],
    "actions": [
        {
            "name": "hi",
            "type": "hi",
            "ricardian_contract": ""
        }
    ],
    "tables": [],
    "ricardian_clauses": [],
    "abi_extensions": []
}

注意：有的时候ABI文件生成可能会有问题，可以考虑手写该文件（后续章节详细讲解abi文件内容）

部署准备

1. 创建钱包

$ cleos --url https://api.kylin.alohaeos.com wallet create --to-console

Creating wallet: default
Save password to use in the future to unlock this wallet.
Without password imported keys will not be retrievable.
"PW5Oj2NUsuj1t1CrqfVEoFyRoCDvZMJKuBckE5Nb1vodcITCTfjKc"

2. 创建Account
   将ACCOUNT_NAME替换成你想创建的账户名称

$ curl http://faucet.cryptokylin.io/create_account\?ACCOUNT_NAME

创建成功会获得以下输出

{"msg": "succeeded", "keys": {"active_key": {"public": "EOS5DogFUDGtR9fmGDzZh2t6VDB8P1LJjts1sOjoN2Ej76zkYA73Z", "private": "5KDzFxeKT9F3R1ZDGRH9vabbvHvD3JoAW2YtGh5FmRW3WEeC6qi"}, "owner_key": {"public": "EOS6eXvZV6Hw4efXoEpNmj1HbQNdCfdbxLmDqborfsviajSr6c1yy", "private": "5CMrjVN5BPdqLAhv8oZRKWQgcAa1kNpvHjXRdf6HtXJbdeZAHRc"}}, "account": "ACCOUNT_NAME"}

• ACCOUNT_NAME必须是小写字母数字组成的12位字符；
• 创建成功的输出结果一定要记录，后续导入钱包的时候需要owner_key和active_key

3. 将账户的private key导入钱包

$ cleos --url https://api.kylin.alohaeos.com wallet import --private-key 5KDzFxeKT9F3R1ZDGRH9vabbvHvD3JoAW2YtGh5FmRW3WEeC6qi
$ cleos --url https://api.kylin.alohaeos.com wallet import --private-key 5CMrjVN5BPdqLAhv8oZRKWQgcAa1kNpvHjXRdf6HtXJbdeZAHRc

4. 查看账户信息

$ cleos --url https://api.kylin.alohaeos.com get account ACCOUNT_NAME

created: 2018-11-24T08:19:54.000
permissions: 
     owner     1:    1 EOS6eXvZV6Hw4efXoEpNmj1HbQNdCfdbxLmDqborfsviajSr6c1yy
        active     1:    1 EOS5DogFUDGtR9fmGDzZh2t6VDB8P1LJjts1sOjoN2Ej76zkYA73Z
memory: 
     quota:     9.322 KiB    used:     2.926 KiB  

net bandwidth: 
     delegated:       1.0000 EOS           (total staked delegated to account from others)
     used:                 0 bytes
     available:        715.5 KiB  
     limit:            715.5 KiB  

cpu bandwidth:
     delegated:       1.0000 EOS           (total staked delegated to account from others)
     used:                 0 us   
     available:        134.7 ms   
     limit:            134.7 ms   

这个时候该账户的余额为0，所以输出信息中不包含EOS balances信息。并且初始拥有资源也很少，不足以支撑合约部署和执行。需要进行EOS账户充值并购买RAM资源

5. 账户充值

$ curl http://faucet.cryptokylin.io/get_token?ACCOUNT_NAME

{"msg": "succeeded"}

每次充值100eos，每天最多获得1000个

6. 购买RAM
   账户操作需要scatter钱包支撑，所以需要首先安装钱包并关联账户信息。

• 安装scatter钱包桌面客户端

https://get-scatter.com/

• 配置钱包
• 打开scatter桌面应用程序；
• 输入密码并创建钱包（一定要记住该密码和生成的助记词），如果该钱包真实使用，为了安全应该讲这两个信息手抄保存；
• 打开设置-网络，输入钱包密码；添加测试网络信息如下：

名称：EOS TestNet - Kylin
主机名：api-kylin.eoslaomao.com
协议：https
端口：443
ChainId：5fff1dae8dc8e2fc4d5b23b2c7665c97f9e9d8edf2b6485a86ba311c25639191

保持后返回到主页

• 点击Vault，创建两个Vault分别叫active和owner，将测试网中创建的账号active和owner的私钥导入;
• 导入成功后，将可以看到“1 linked accounts”字样
• 购买RAM
• 点击Owner Vault下关联的账户，可以看到改账户拥有的资源信息；
• 点击Manage RAM，进入后可以进行RAM的购买和卖出；
• 买4096KB的RAM；

部署合约

$ cleos --url https://api.kylin.alohaeos.com set contract ACCOUNT_NAME hello

Reading WASM from hello/hello.wasm...
Publishing contract...
executed transaction: a282dab0f5c4f189871c0fa34eaa0b64acac25cd055ed2c9135ed9bea03d2836  1440 bytes  294 us
#         eosio <= eosio::setcode               {"account":"eosmimi12345","vmtype":0,"vmversion":0,"code":"0061736d0100000001390b60027f7e006000017f6...
#         eosio <= eosio::setabi                {"account":"eosmimi12345","abi":"0e656f73696f3a3a6162692f312e30000102686900010475736572046e616d65010...
warning: transaction executed locally, but may not be confirmed by the network yet         ] 

要在contract的根目录执行该命令，否则会提示找不到合约文件;另外，执行完前面步骤后，钱包状况可能已经是被锁了需要解锁一下；

执行合约

$ cleos --url https://api.kylin.alohaeos.com push action ACCOUNT_NAME hi '["bob"]' -p ACCOUNT_NAME

executed transaction: 8494b680ed90e088b8dfa4b8dc6c152cd0ac942c91ff721fea04216918ddf4bc  104 bytes  199 us
#  eosmimi12345 <= eosmimi12345::hi             {"user":"bob"}
warning: transaction executed locally, but may not be confirmed by the network yet         ] 

如果要在终端现实print的结果，需要在配置文件config.ini中，将contracts-console 设为 true，即：

contracts-console = true