Lab5--java多种I/O实现

在lab5中要求利用多种I/O实现文件读写，并根据Strategy设计模式在多种I/O策略之间切换。

输入策略

一、Reader
利用Filereader 和BufferedReader，根据BuffredReader的readLine方法逐行直接读取。

package circularorbit：

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;

public class InReader implements InStrategy {
  FileReader fr;
  BufferedReader br;
  
  /**.
   * 构造函数
   * @param file != null
   */
  public InReader(File file) {
    try {
      fr = new FileReader(file.getAbsoluteFile());
      br = new BufferedReader(fr);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      System.out.println("file not find");
    }
  }
  
  @Override
  public String readLine() {
    try {
      return br.readLine();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
  }
  
  @Override
  public void close() {
    try {
      br.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

二、Scanner
利用scanner的hasNextLine方法判断文件是否读完，根据scanner的nextLine方法逐行读取文件。

package circularorbit;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class InScanner implements InStrategy {
  Scanner sc;
  
  /**.
   * 构造函数
   * @param file != null
   */
  public InScanner(File file) {
    try {
      sc = new Scanner(file.getAbsoluteFile());
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      System.out.println("file not find");
    }
  }
  
  @Override
  public String readLine() {
    if (sc.hasNextLine()) {
      return sc.nextLine();
    }
    return null;
  }
  
  @Override
  public void close() {
    sc.close();
  }
}

三、Stream
利用FileInputStream和DataInputStream，根据DataInputStream的readLine方法逐行读取文件。

package circularorbit;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class InStream implements InStrategy {
  FileInputStream fileInputStream;
  DataInputStream dis;
  
  /**.
   * 构造函数
   * @param file != null
   */
  public InStream(File file) {
    try {
      fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file.getAbsoluteFile());
      dis = new DataInputStream(fileInputStream);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      System.out.println("file not find");
    }
  }
  
  @Override
  public String readLine() {
    try {
      return dis.readLine();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
  }
  
  @Override
  public void close() {
    try {
      fileInputStream.close();
      dis.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

四、Channel
利用ByteBuffer缓存字节。利用FileChannel的read方法读取整个文件，利用ByteBuffer的hasRemainning方法判断是否读完，get方法获取文件每一个字节。

    FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(file);
    FileChannel fc = fin.getChannel();
    ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
    fc.read(buffer);
    buffer.flip();
    while (buffer.hasRemaining()) {
      byte b = buffer.get();
    }
    fin.close();

关于Strategy模式
为Input设计一个InStrategy的接口，接口中设计：1.返回字符串的readLine方法；2.close方法。

package circularorbit;

public interface InStrategy {
  public String readLine();
  public void close();
}

建立InReader，InScanner，InStream三个类实现InStrategy接口。将InStrategy接口封装在InContext类中。

package circularorbit;

public class InContext {
  InStrategy inStrategy;
  
  public InContext(InStrategy inStr) {
    this.inStrategy = inStr;
  }
  
  public String readLine() {
    return this.inStrategy.readLine();
  }
  
  public void close() {
    this.inStrategy.close();
  }
}

调用方法如下：

    InContext fileReader = null;
    System.out.println("choose a output strategy:");
    System.out.println("1.Reader");
    System.out.println("2.Scanner");
    System.out.println("3.Stream");
    Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
    String input = in.nextLine();
    if (input.equals("1")) {
      fileReader = new InContext(new InReader(file));
    } else if (input.equals("2")) {
      fileReader = new InContext(new InScanner(file));
    } else {
      fileReader = new InContext(new InStream(file));
    }

输出策略

一、Writer
利用FileWriter和BufferedWriter。BufferedWriter的write方法直接写入文件。

package circularorbit;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class OutWriter implements OutStrategy {
  FileWriter fw;
  BufferedWriter bw;
  
  /**.
   * 构造函数
   * @param file != null
   */
  public OutWriter(File file) {
    try {
      fw = new FileWriter(file.getAbsoluteFile());
      bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      System.out.println("file not find");
    }
  }
  
  @Override
  public void write(String string) {
    try {
      bw.write(string);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
  
  @Override
  public void close() {
    try {
      bw.flush();
      bw.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

二、Stream
利用FileOutputStream。每次将需要写入的字符串转换为字节数组，FileOutputStream的write方法中传入这个字符数组即可。

package circularorbit;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class OutStream implements OutStrategy {
  FileOutputStream fileOutStream;
  
  /**.
   * 构造函数
   * @param file != null
   */
  public OutStream(File file) {
    try {
      fileOutStream = new FileOutputStream(file.getAbsoluteFile());
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      System.out.println("file not find");
    }
  }
  
  @Override
  public void write(String string) {
    byte[] b = string.getBytes();
    try {
      fileOutStream.write(b);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
  
  @Override
  public void close() {
    try {
      fileOutStream.flush();
      fileOutStream.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

三、Channel
Channel的write方法中传入ByteBuffer，这个ByteBuffer中是需要写入的字符串的字节形式。

package circularorbit;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;

public class OutNio implements OutStrategy {
  FileChannel channel;
  ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(2048);
  
  /**.
   * 构造函数
   * @param file != null
   */
  public OutNio(File file) {
    try {
      FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file.getAbsoluteFile());
      channel = fos.getChannel();
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      System.out.println("file not found");
    }
  }
  
  @Override
  public void write(String string) {
    byteBuffer.put(string.getBytes());
    byteBuffer.flip();
    while (byteBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
      try {
        channel.write(byteBuffer);
      } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
    byteBuffer.clear();
  }
  
  @Override 
  public void close() {
    try {
      channel.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

关于output的strategy模式
与前文input的strategy模式类似，有一个封装在OutContext类中的OutStrategy接口，建立OutWriter，OutStream，OutNio类实现接口。

package circularorbit;

public interface OutStrategy {
  public void write(String string);
  public void close();
}

调用方法如下，以AtomStructure为例：

    OutContext fileWriter = null;
    System.out.println("choose a output strategy:");
    System.out.println("1.Writer");
    System.out.println("2.Stream");
    System.out.println("3.Nio");
    Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
    String input = in.nextLine();
    if (input.equals("1")) {
      fileWriter = new OutContext(new OutWriter(file));
    } else if (input.equals("2")) {
      fileWriter = new OutContext(new OutStream(file));
    } else {
      fileWriter = new OutContext(new OutNio(file));
    }
    Atom atom = (Atom) c.getCentralObject();
    fileWriter.write("ElementName ::= " + atom.getName() + "\r\n");
    int trackNum = c.getTrackObjects().size();
    fileWriter.write("NumberOfTracks ::= " + trackNum + "\r\n");
    fileWriter.write("NumberOfElectron ::= ");
    for (int i = 0; i < trackNum - 1; i++) {
      int electronNum = c.getTrackObjects().get(i).getObjs().size();
      fileWriter.write(i + 1 + "/" + electronNum + ";");
    }
    fileWriter
        .write(trackNum + "/" + c.getTrackObjects().get(trackNum - 1).getObjs().size() + "\r\n");
    fileWriter.close();