乐观锁减库存遇到的一些问题，一级缓存，隔离级别，库存少了

为了方便操作数据库用的是JPA

第一个坑：JPA的一级缓存，导致查询死循环

代码：

@RestController
public class GoodsController {
   
    @Autowired
    GoodsDao goodsDao;
    
    /**
     * 减库存
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional
    @GetMapping("/stock")
    public String stock(Integer id)  {
   
        Optional<Goods> goodsOptional = goodsDao.findById(id);
        int stock = goodsOptional.get().getStock();

        if (stock <= 0) {
   
            return "卖完了";
        }

       System.out.println("库存="+stock);
        //为了演示遇到的第一个坑，后续会去掉
        try {
   
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        Integer result = goodsDao.updateStockById(stock - 1, stock, id);
        if (result == 0) {
   
            stock(id);
        }

        return "成功";
    }

    /**
     * 库存 -1 
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @Transactional
    @GetMapping("/reduce_stock")
    public String reduce_stock(Integer id) {
   
         Optional<Goods> goodsOptional = goodsDao.findById(id);
        Goods goods = goodsOptional.get();
        int stock = goods.getStock();

        goods.setStock(stock-1);
        goods= goodsDao.save(goods);
        System.out.println("库存成功减 1 数据库的库存为"+goods.getStock());

        return "成功";
    }

}

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Dao的代码：
public interface GoodsDao  extends JpaRepository<Goods,Integer>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Goods> {
   
    @Transactional
    @Query(value = "update goods  set stock=?1  where stock=?2 and id=?3 ", nativeQuery = true)
    @Modifying
    Integer updateStockById(Integer stock,Integer old_stock , Integer id);