wifi MCS

周末的早上,做着美梦的班妹,被基友微信发过来的几张图给吵醒了。

1

2
相信看到这些图的工程师们,脑子会瞬间浮现超多苦涩而无奈的场景:

A:你的产品设计有问题,你看吞吐量值一时高一时低,相差极大……
B:在同一个办公室里,我用手机在同一个位置测试Wi-Fi吞吐量值比你的高….
C:我在办公室对比了你们的产品和竞品的Wi-Fi吞吐量……
D:你的产品无线传屏功能有问题,我在办公室传输图像和视频会出现卡顿….
E:我在办公室里用手机连你的产品测试Wi-Fi吞吐量,就将手机转了90度,吞吐量值掉了一半,你的产品稳定性有问题……
F:我要在办公室这种实际应用环境中,测试下Wi-Fi吞吐量,看看在实际环境中,你的产品Wi-Fi的吞吐量以及抗干扰能力怎么样……

虽然美梦被打搅,想原地揍人,但看到你们也经历着我以前经历过的绝望,顿时就放心了。作为一个踩坑大圣,班妹决定今天跟大家分享一波绕坑秘籍~~

敲黑板:今日重点

一、 Wi-Fi的理论速率是个啥?
二、 这些个理论速率有什么依据?
三、 Wi-Fi的理论速率是怎么计算的?
四、 为啥Wi-Fi的理论速率还可以一直变?
五、香侬定理与Wi-Fi理论速率
六、Wi-Fi射频应用之基本原理
七、Wi-Fi射频干扰
八、总结

一、Wi-Fi的理论速率是个啥?

基友发的图片上的“速度”就是通过电脑网卡读出来的Wi-Fi的理论速率。(是哪个Wi-Fi协议的理论速率,各位看官自己猜)

Wi-Fi的理论速率是根据不同的调制方式、码率、单个子载波承载编码字节位数、承载数据的子载波总数、空间流数、单次Wi-Fi数据传输耗费的时间等信息计算出来的。

二、这些个理论速率有什么依据?

当然有依据!
请看下图IEEE 802.11g(图1)以及IEEE 802.11n(图2、图3、图4)协议所列举出来的部分理论速率:
在这里插入图片描述
(图1:IEEE 802.11g理论速率集)在这里插入图片描述
(图2:IEEE 802.11n-HT20 1T/R理论速率集)
5

(图3:IEEE 802.11n-HT20 2T/R理论速率集)
6

(图4:IEEE 802.11n-HT40 1T/R理论速率集)

三、Wi-Fi的理论速率是怎么计算的?
举个栗子,80

### WiFi 7 Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) Details In WiFi 7, also known as IEEE 802.11be Extremely High Throughput (EHT), significant improvements have been made to the modulation and coding schemes compared with previous standards such as 802.11n or even 802.11ax (WiFi 6). These enhancements aim at increasing throughput, reducing latency, and improving reliability under various channel conditions. #### Enhanced MCS Indexing The MCS index table has expanded beyond what was available in earlier versions like 802.11n where there were specific mappings between MCS indices and combinations of modulation types and code rates[^4]. In WiFi 7, new higher-order modulations are introduced along with more flexible configurations that allow better adaptation to different environmental factors affecting wireless communication performance. For instance, while older standards might use Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) up to 256-QAM, WiFi 7 supports advanced levels including but not limited to: - **Higher Order QAM**: Up to 4096-QAM which significantly increases spectral efficiency by encoding more bits per symbol. This advancement means each transmitted signal can carry much richer data content within the same bandwidth resource allocation framework. #### Improved Code Rates Alongside increased modulation orders, WiFi 7 introduces improved error correction capabilities through optimized Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes combined with higher code rates. For example, some configurations may support a maximum theoretical code rate approaching 13/16 when using certain high-efficiency modes designed specifically for robustness against interference without sacrificing too much on speed potential. Such sophisticated adjustments ensure reliable transmissions over longer distances or challenging environments filled with obstacles causing multipath effects—phenomena previously mitigated only partially via techniques similar to those mentioned regarding guard intervals used in 802.11n systems[^5]. ```python # Example Python pseudo-code demonstrating how one could theoretically calculate effective throughput based on given parameters def wifi_7_effective_throughput(mcs_index, gi_duration_ms=0.8): # Simplified formula considering basic principles; actual implementation would be far more complex base_rate = get_base_rate_from_mcs(mcs_index) adjusted_rate = apply_code_rate_and_modulation(base_rate, mcs_index) # Account for overheads due to protocol specifics & physical layer considerations final_throughput = adjust_for_overheads(adjusted_rate) return reduce_by_guard_interval(final_throughput, gi_duration_ms) def get_base_rate_from_mcs(mcs): # Placeholder function returning hypothetical values corresponding to an MCS value pass def apply_code_rate_and_modulation(rate, mcs): # Apply appropriate coding scheme and modulation according to specified MCS pass def adjust_for_overheads(rate): # Adjust calculated raw bitrates accounting for necessary protocols' overheads pass def reduce_by_guard_interval(rate, interval_ms): # Factor in impact from Guard Intervals duration on overall transmission capacity pass ```
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