CompletableFuture异步编排

注意：在分布式系统中如果使用feign做分布式调用，开启异步编排会导致feign丢失上下文

不建议的使用方式

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        System.out.println("main...start");
        Thread01 thread01 = new Thread01();
        thread01.start();
        Runable01 runable01 = new Runable01();
        new Thread(runable01).start();
      //  ----Callable和futureTask可以获取返回值和处理异常
        FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<>(new Callable01());
        new Thread(futureTask).start();
        //阻塞等待\等待整个线程执行2完成，获取返回结果
        Integer integer = futureTask.get();
        //---------线程池提交任务------------
        //在实际业务代码里面，以上启动线程方式都不用,将所有的异步任务都交给线程池
        service.execute(new Runable01());
        System.out.println("main...end: ");
    }

定义线程池
public static ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

基本使用

       CompletableFuture<Void> future = CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
           int i = 10 / 2;
           System.out.println("循行结果:" + i);
       }, service);

获取异步线程的成功和失败结果

       CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
           int i = 10 / 0;
           System.out.println("循行结果:" + i);
           return i;
       }, service).whenComplete((res,excption)->{
           //虽然能得到异常信息但是不能修改结果
           System.out.println("异步任务成功完成了。。。结果是:"+res+
                   "  异常是: "+excption);
       }).exceptionally(throwable -> {
           //感知异常，返回默认值
           return 10;
       });

方法完成后的处理，无论成功还是失败

       CompletableFuture<Integer> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
           int i = 10 / 4;
           System.out.println("循行结果:" + i);
           return i;
       }, service).handle((res, throwable) -> {
            if(res != null){
                return res*2;
            }
           return 0;
       });

串行化线程

thenRunAsync、thenRunAsync 、thenApplyAsync

1. thenRunAsync，不能湖区上一步的执行结果 无返回值
2. thenRunAsync 能接受上一步结果，无返回值
3. thenApplyAsync; 能接收上一步结果，有返回值

       CompletableFuture<String> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
           int i = 10 / 4;
           System.out.println("循行结果:" + i);
           return i;
       }, service).thenApplyAsync((res) -> {
           System.out.println("任务为启动了：" + res);

           return "hello" + res;
       }, service);

两个任务都完成

CompletableFuture<Object> future01 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("任务1线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
           int i = 10 / 4;
           System.out.println("任务1结束:");
           return i;
       }, service);
       CompletableFuture<Object> future02 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("任务2线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());

           try {
               Thread.sleep(3000);
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
           System.out.println("任务2结束:");
           return "hello";
       }, service);

1）runAfterBothAsync(等待两个任务结束后执行)不能感知前两个的结果

future01.runAfterBothAsync(future02,()->{
           System.out.println("任务3线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
       },service);

2) thenAcceptBothAsync (等待两个任务结束后执行)可以感知前两个的结果

       future01.thenAcceptBothAsync(future02,(f1,f2)->{
           System.out.println("之前的结果:f1: "+f1+"  f2:"+f2);
           System.out.println("任务3线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
       },service);

3) thenCombineAsync: 可以感知前面两个结果，也能自己在返回新的结果

       CompletableFuture<String> future = future01.thenCombineAsync(future02, (f1, f2) -> {
           return f1 + ": " + f2 + "hah";
       }, service);

两个任务只要有一个任务完成就执行任务

       CompletableFuture<Object> future01 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("任务1线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
           int i = 10 / 4;
           System.out.println("任务1结束:");
           return i;
       }, service);
       CompletableFuture<Object> future02 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("任务2线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getId());

           try {
               Thread.sleep(3000);
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
           System.out.println("任务2结束:");
           return "hello";
       }, service);

1.runAfterEitherAsync 不感知结果，也没有返回值

       future01.runAfterEitherAsync(future02,()->{
           System.out.println("任务三开始了");
       },service);
       future01.acceptEitherAsync(future02,(res)->{
           System.out.println("任务三开始 ---接收的的结果："+res);
       },service);

2.applyToEitherAsync 自己感知结果，自己有返回值

       CompletableFuture<String> future = future01.applyToEitherAsync(future02, (res) -> {
           System.out.println("任务三开始 ---接收的的结果：" + res);
           return res.toString() + "--->哈哈";
       }, service);

多个异步执行方式

       CompletableFuture<String> futureImg = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("查询商品的图片信息");
           return "hello.jpg";
       }, service);
       CompletableFuture<String> futureAttr = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("查询商品的属性");
           return "黑色+256G";
       }, service);
       CompletableFuture<String> futureDesc = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
           System.out.println("查询商品的介绍");
           return "华为";
       }, service);

1.allOf全部执行完才结束

all.get() //等待所有结果完成

   CompletableFuture<Void> all = CompletableFuture.allOf(futureImg, futureAttr, futureDesc);
   all.get(); 

2.anyOf只要有一个成功就结束

 CompletableFuture<Object> anyOf = CompletableFuture.anyOf(futureImg, futureAttr, futureDesc);
      anyOf.get(); //获取执行完的哪一个任务的结果
       System.out.println("main...end: "+ anyOf.get());

dome实例

  CompletableFuture<String> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
            return "获取sku基本信息";
        }, executor);

        //在sku的基础上
        CompletableFuture<Void> attr = future.thenAcceptAsync((res) -> {
            System.out.println("获取spu的销售属性不需要返回值，得到的sku的返回值为:" + res);
            System.out.println("获取spu的销售属性");
        }, executor);

        //在sku的基础上
        CompletableFuture<Void> desv = future.thenAcceptAsync((res) -> {
            System.out.println("sou介绍不需要返回值，得到的sku的返回值为:" + res);
            System.out.println("获取spu的介绍");
        }, executor);

        //在sku的基础上
        CompletableFuture<Void> base = future.thenAcceptAsync((res) -> {
            System.out.println("获取spu的规格参数不需要返回值，得到的sku的返回值为:" + res);
            System.out.println("获取spu的规格参数");
        }, executor);

        //可以直接执行
        CompletableFuture<Void> imageFutrue = CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
            System.out.println("获取sku的图片信息");
        }, executor);


        //等待所有任务都完成，基本信息异步可省略
         CompletableFuture.allOf(attr, desv, base, imageFutrue).get();
        System.out.println("等待所有异步和执行完");