Array.asList的坑
Arrays.asList得到的不是java.util.ArrayList,而是Arrays中的一个子类
// Misc
/**
* Returns a fixed-size list backed by the specified array. (Changes to
* the returned list "write through" to the array.) This method acts
* as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs, in
* combination with {@link Collection#toArray}. The returned list is
* serializable and implements {@link RandomAccess}.
*
* <p>This method also provides a convenient way to create a fixed-size
* list initialized to contain several elements:
* <pre>
* List<String> stooges = Arrays.asList("Larry", "Moe", "Curly");
* </pre>
*
* @param <T> the class of the objects in the array
* @param a the array by which the list will be backed
* @return a list view of the specified array
*/
@SafeVarargs
@SuppressWarnings("varargs")
public static <T> List<T> asList(T... a) {
return new ArrayList<>(a);
}
/**
* @serial include
*/
private static class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
implements RandomAccess, java.io.Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2764017481108945198L;
private final E[] a;
ArrayList(E[] array) {
a = Objects.requireNonNull(array);
}
@Override
public int size() {
return a.length;
}
@Override
public Object[] toArray() {
return a.clone();
}
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
int size = size();
if (a.length < size)
return Arrays.copyOf(this.a, size,
(Class<? extends T[]>) a.getClass());
System.arraycopy(this.a, 0, a, 0, size);
if (a.length > size)
a[size] = null;
return a;
}
@Override
public E get(int index) {
return a[index];
}
@Override
public E set(int index, E element) {
E oldValue = a[index];
a[index] = element;
return oldValue;
}
@Override
public int indexOf(Object o) {
E[] a = this.a;
if (o == null) {
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
if (a[i] == null)
return i;
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
if (o.equals(a[i]))
return i;
}
return -1;
}
@Override
public boolean contains(Object o) {
return indexOf(o) != -1;
}
@Override
public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
return Spliterators.spliterator(a, Spliterator.ORDERED);
}
@Override
public void forEach(Consumer<? super E> action) {
Objects.requireNonNull(action);
for (E e : a) {
action.accept(e);
}
}
@Override
public void replaceAll(UnaryOperator<E> operator) {
Objects.requireNonNull(operator);
E[] a = this.a;
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
a[i] = operator.apply(a[i]);
}
}
@Override
public void sort(Comparator<? super E> c) {
Arrays.sort(a, c);
}
}
可以看到这个asList得到的子类虽然继承了AbstractList,但是没有实现add和remove方法, 因此用这个ArrayList调用add或者remove会直接执行AbstractList中的代码
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*
* <p>This implementation always throws an
* {@code UnsupportedOperationException}.
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public E set(int index, E element) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*
* <p>This implementation always throws an
* {@code UnsupportedOperationException}.
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public void add(int index, E element) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*
* <p>This implementation always throws an
* {@code UnsupportedOperationException}.
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public E remove(int index) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
即直接返回报错信息
解决方法是
new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(list))
再看一下同时Arrays.asList(list).subList()的实现
/**
* Returns a view of the portion of this list between the specified
* <tt>fromIndex</tt>, inclusive, and <tt>toIndex</tt>, exclusive. (If
* <tt>fromIndex</tt> and <tt>toIndex</tt> are equal, the returned list is
* empty.) The returned list is backed by this list, so non-structural
* changes in the returned list are reflected in this list, and vice-versa.
* The returned list supports all of the optional list operations supported
* by this list.<p>
*
* This method eliminates the need for explicit range operations (of
* the sort that commonly exist for arrays). Any operation that expects
* a list can be used as a range operation by passing a subList view
* instead of a whole list. For example, the following idiom
* removes a range of elements from a list:
* <pre>{@code
* list.subList(from, to).clear();
* }</pre>
* Similar idioms may be constructed for <tt>indexOf</tt> and
* <tt>lastIndexOf</tt>, and all of the algorithms in the
* <tt>Collections</tt> class can be applied to a subList.<p>
*
* The semantics of the list returned by this method become undefined if
* the backing list (i.e., this list) is <i>structurally modified</i> in
* any way other than via the returned list. (Structural modifications are
* those that change the size of this list, or otherwise perturb it in such
* a fashion that iterations in progress may yield incorrect results.)
*
* @param fromIndex low endpoint (inclusive) of the subList
* @param toIndex high endpoint (exclusive) of the subList
* @return a view of the specified range within this list
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException for an illegal endpoint index value
* (<tt>fromIndex < 0 || toIndex > size ||
* fromIndex > toIndex</tt>)
*/
List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex);
可以看到这个subList是直接截取父集合的数据的, 因此父集合的数据或者顺序发生改变, 会同步影响到通过subList得到的集合数据。
再看一下java.util.ArrayList中的实现
/**
* Returns a view of the portion of this list between the specified
* {@code fromIndex}, inclusive, and {@code toIndex}, exclusive. (If
* {@code fromIndex} and {@code toIndex} are equal, the returned list is
* empty.) The returned list is backed by this list, so non-structural
* changes in the returned list are reflected in this list, and vice-versa.
* The returned list supports all of the optional list operations.
*
* <p>This method eliminates the need for explicit range operations (of
* the sort that commonly exist for arrays). Any operation that expects
* a list can be used as a range operation by passing a subList view
* instead of a whole list. For example, the following idiom
* removes a range of elements from a list:
* <pre>
* list.subList(from, to).clear();
* </pre>
* Similar idioms may be constructed for {@link #indexOf(Object)} and
* {@link #lastIndexOf(Object)}, and all of the algorithms in the
* {@link Collections} class can be applied to a subList.
*
* <p>The semantics of the list returned by this method become undefined if
* the backing list (i.e., this list) is <i>structurally modified</i> in
* any way other than via the returned list. (Structural modifications are
* those that change the size of this list, or otherwise perturb it in such
* a fashion that iterations in progress may yield incorrect results.)
*
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
subListRangeCheck(fromIndex, toIndex, size);
return new SubList(this, 0, fromIndex, toIndex);
}
这里可以看到是new了一个subList再返回的, 因此这个subList不会因为父集合的数据发生变化而同步发生变化。因此要避免Arrays.asList().subList()这种情况只要把它的数据套进java.util.arrayList里去就可以了。
同时由于这个SubList是java.util.arrayList中的一个子类, 因此SubList不能被强转为ArrayList,办法也同样是把SubList中的数据放到new ArrayList()中再进行相应操作