In this problem, you can build a new number starting from 1, by performing the following operations as much as you need:
Add 1 to the current number.
Add the current number to itself (i.e. multiply it by 2).
For example, you can build number 8 starting from 1 with three operations . Also, you can build number 10 starting from 1 with five operations .
You are given an array a consisting of n integers, and q queries. Each query consisting of two integers l and r, such that the answer of each query is the total number of operations you need to preform to build all the numbers in the range from l to r (inclusive) from array a, such that each number ai (l ≤ i ≤ r) will be built with the minimum number of operations.
Input
The first line contains an integer T (1 ≤ T ≤ 50), where T is the number of test cases.
The first line of each test case contains two integers n and q (1 ≤ n, q ≤ 105), where n is the size of the given array, and q is the number of queries.
The second line of each test case contains n integers a1, a2, …, an (1 ≤ ai ≤ 1018), giving the array a.
Then q lines follow, each line contains two integers l and r (1 ≤ l ≤ r ≤ n), giving the queries.
Output
For each query, print a single line containing its answer.
Example
Input
1 //数据组数
5 3 // 数组中数据的个数, 几次查找访问
4 7 11 8 10 //5个数据,求达到每个数据所需要的最短步数
4 5 三次访问 ,代表达到数组中 第四个数据到第五个数据,所需要的步数总和,最后输出
1 5
3 3
Output
7
18
5
Note
As input/output can reach huge size it is recommended to use fast input/output methods: for example, prefer to use scanf/printf instead of cin/cout in C++, prefer to use BufferedReader/PrintWriter instead of Scanner/System.out in Java.
In the first query, you need 3 operations to build number 8, and 4 operations to build number 10. So, the total number of operations is 7.
题目大意:
见上面样例的详细解释
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
ll f(ll x)
{
ll bns=0;
while(x>0)
{
if(x%2==0) x=x/2;
else x--;
bns++;
}
return bns-1;
}
int main()
{
ll t,i,m,n,l,r;
ll a[100005];
ll bns[100005];
scanf("%lld",&t);
while(t--)
{
memset(bns,0,sizeof(bns));
memset(a, 0, sizeof(a));
scanf("%lld %lld",&n,&m);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%lld",&a[i]);
bns[i] = f(a[i]);
}
for(i = 1; i < n; i++)
{
bns[i] = bns[i-1] + f(a[i]); //!求前缀和 (前i项的步数和)
}
for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
{
scanf("%lld %lld",&l,&r);
printf("%lld\n",bns[r-1]-bns[l-2]);//数组从从0开始(为什么i-2 可以自己找纸算算)
}
}
return 0;