参考博客:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43271542/article/details/117384011?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502
前言
STM32简介:
STM32是“意法半导体”生产的基于“ARM公司Cortex-M3内核”的32位高性能MCU。
ST----意法半导体,即SOC厂商(芯片制造商)。
ARM----IP厂商,负责芯片内核设计的公司。
M-----Microelectronics的缩写,指微控制器。微处理器通常指计算机CPU。
32------指它是一个32位的微控制器。
注意:51单片机是5V工作电压而STM32是3.3V工作电压。
DHT11简介:
DHT11 是广州奥松有限公司生产的一款湿温度一体化的数字传感器。该传感器包括一个电阻式测湿元件和一个 NTC 测温元件,并与一个高性能 8 位单片机相连接。通过单片机等微处理器简单的电路连接就能够实时的采集本地湿度和温度。DHT11 与单片机之间能采用简单的单总线进行通信,仅仅需要一个I/O 口。传感器内部湿度和温度数据 40Bit 的数据一次性传给单片机,数据采用校验和方式进行校验,有效的保证数据传输的准确性。DHT11 功耗很低,5V 电源电压下,工作平均最大电流 0.5mA。
一、实验内容
选用STM32F407ZGT6开发板,DHT11温湿度传感器,传感器将采集到的数据传输到STM32(MCU)主控进行数据处理,最后通过串口打印出来。
二、实验软硬件
软件:Keil5、STM32f407固件库、STM32CudeMx、STM32CudeMx的f407软件包
硬件:STM32F407ZGT6、DHT11温湿度传感器
全部资料下载链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1p0LfRRw54vqTtx1yKDsQwA
密码:f22d
注:里面包括了keil5安装的步骤与开发环境搭建
三、实验步骤
1、安装keil5、STM32CudeMx安装
2、创建BSP工程项目
①打开STM32CudeMX
②点击创建工程
③搜索STM32F407ZG,双击黄色区域
④点击Categories——》System Core ——》GPIO,选择PF9和PF10,各自点击为GPIO_OutPut
⑤对GPIO进行具体配置
⑥配置RCC时钟
⑦配置系统时钟
⑧这里以串口1为例 我们可以选择串口的模式(异步,同步,半双工) 串口接收中断
a)点击USATR1
b)设置MODE为异步通信(Asynchronous)
c)基础参数:波特率为115200 Bits/s。传输数据长度为8 Bit。奇偶检验无,停止位1 接收和发送都使能
d)GPIO引脚设置 USART1_RX/USART_TX
e) NVIC Settings 一栏使能接收中断
⑨配置STM32F407ZGT6的时钟树,由于是外部8M的晶振,所以得出一下的时钟树
a)选择外部时钟HSE 8MHz
b)PLL锁相环倍频168倍
c)系统时钟来源选择为PLL
d)设置APB1分频器为 /4
⑩建立工程
3、BSP工程项目开发
(1)用keil5打开此工程
(2)点击option(锤子),然后进行主频配置,修改为8.0或者12.0,然后重新打开该工程进行检查,最后进行编译。
(3)在keil5上面创建SYSTEM和HARDWAVE两个文件夹
(4)回到本人创建的test工程目录,添加这两个文件夹,本人已经整理好了链接(STM32课程资料\库文件),复制库文件里面SYSTEM和HARDWAVE两个文件夹到test工程目录下。
(5)回到keil5里面,继续点击那个文件管理,然后根据对应的文件夹添加文件,一个都不要漏。
HARDWAVE同上。
(6)配置头文件路径,选择为第4步已经复制的两个文件夹(SYSTEM和HARDWAVE)
完成图如下:
(7)部分代码
a)main.c
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "dht11.h"
void SystemClock_Config(void);
int main(void)
{
u8 t=0;
u8 temperature;
u8 humidity;
int times;
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
delay_init(168);
SystemClock_Config();
DHT11_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)aRxBuffer, RXBUFFERSIZE);
while (1)
{
if(t%10==0)//?100ms????
{
DHT11_Read_Data(&temperature,&humidity);
printf("2018A14122 WuXiaoXian\r\n");
printf("Tem:%d\r\n",temperature);
printf("Hum:%d\r\n",humidity);
printf("\r\n\n");
}
delay_ms(100);
t++;
}
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 168;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
b)uart.c
#include "usart.h"
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
uint8_t USART_RX_BUF[USART_REC_LEN];
uint16_t USART_RX_STA=0; //??????
uint8_t aRxBuffer[RXBUFFERSIZE];//HAL??????????
/* USER CODE END 0 */
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
/* USART1 init function */
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0XFFFF);
return ch;
}
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
if(huart->Instance==USART1)//?????1
{
if((USART_RX_STA&0x8000)==0)//?????
{
if(USART_RX_STA&0x4000) //????0x0d
{
if(aRxBuffer[0]!= 0x0a)
{
USART_RX_STA=0; //????,????
}
else
{
USART_RX_STA|=0x8000; //?????
}
}
else //????0x0D
{
if(aRxBuffer[0] == 0x0d)
{
USART_RX_STA|=0x4000;
}
else
{
USART_RX_BUF[USART_RX_STA&0x3FFF]=aRxBuffer[0];
USART_RX_STA++;
if(USART_RX_STA>(USART_REC_LEN-1))
{
USART_RX_STA=0; //??????,??????
}
}
}
}
}
}
void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
huart1.Instance = USART1;
huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */
}
void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */
/* USART1 clock enable */
__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
/**USART1 GPIO Configuration
PA9 ------> USART1_TX
PA10 ------> USART1_RX
*/
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART1;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/* USART1 interrupt Init */
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */
}
}
void HAL_UART_MspDeInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{
if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* Peripheral clock disable */
__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_DISABLE();
/**USART1 GPIO Configuration
PA9 ------> USART1_TX
PA10 ------> USART1_RX
*/
HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10);
/* USART1 interrupt Deinit */
HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
c)uart.h
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file usart.h
* @brief This file contains all the function prototypes for
* the usart.c file
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.</center></h2>
*
* This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __USART_H__
#define __USART_H__
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#define USART_REC_LEN 500
#define RXBUFFERSIZE 1
extern uint8_t USART_RX_BUF[USART_REC_LEN];
extern uint16_t USART_RX_STA;
extern UART_HandleTypeDef UART1_Handler; //UART??
extern uint8_t aRxBuffer[RXBUFFERSIZE];//HAL??????????
/* USER CODE END Includes */
extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
/* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines */
/* USER CODE END Private defines */
void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN Prototypes */
/* USER CODE END Prototypes */
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* __USART_H__ */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
(8)检查配置,编译下载
(9)打开串口助手进行查看
4、接线如图所示
四、项目总结
由于时间关系,本项目尚未实现上云,后续将会持续更新!