关于JavaWeb中Request的训练项目
request对象和response对象的原理：
- request和response对象是由服务器创建的。我们来使用它们
- request对象是来获取请求消息，response对象是来设置响应消息
需求分析
- 编写login.html登录页面
username & password两个输入框 - 使用Druid数据库连接池技术，操作mysql，库中的user表
- 使用JdbcTemplate技术封装JDBC
- 登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示：登录成功
- 登陆失败跳转到FailServlet展示：登录失败，用户名或密码错误
案例分析
-
设计简易的登录页面login.html，
输入用户名、密码后，点击登录按钮，
把用户名、密码提交到后台的Servlet中–>LoginServlet.java
-
LoginServlet.java
获取到用户名、密码，创建user对象–>User.java
将user对象传入UserDao，判断数据库中是否存在此对象–>UserDao.java
-
UserDao.java
操作数据库
代码实现
login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="loginServlet" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
密码：<input type="password" name="password"> <br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>
LoginServlet.java
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.Map;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req, resp);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.设置编码
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
/*//2.获取请求参数
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
//3.封装user对象
User loginUser = new User();
loginUser.setUsername(username);
loginUser.setPassword(password);*/
//2.获取所有请求参数
Map<String, String[]> map = req.getParameterMap();
//3.创建user对象
User loginUser = new User();
//3.2 使用BeanUtils封装
try {
BeanUtils.populate(loginUser, map);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//4.调用UserDao的login方法
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
User user = dao.login(loginUser);
//5.判断user
if(user == null){
//登录失败
req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req, resp);
}else{
//登录成功，存储数据
req.setAttribute("user", user);
//转发
req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req, resp);
}
}
}
分析：
第2步：Map<String, String[ ]> getParameterMap()：获取所有参数的map集合
第3.2步：populate(obj，map)：将map集合的键值对信息，封装到对应的JavaBean对象中。
到此，登录后的用户名密码在后台被封装成一个User对象loginUser。
user.java
package cn.itcast.domain;
/**
* 用户的实体类
*/
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
UserDao.java
package cn.itcast.dao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.util.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
/**
* 操作数据库中User表的类
*/
public class UserDao {
private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
/**
* 登录方法
* @param loginUser 只有用户名密码
* @return user包含用户全部数据
*/
public User login(User loginUser){
try {
//1.编写sql
String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
//2.调用query方法
User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class),
loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
return user;
} catch (DataAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
}
分析：
在LoginServlet中，封装好的User对象，需要调用UserDao中的login方法
queryForObject()：查询结果，将结果封装为对象。
在数据库中查询User对象的参数，若查询到，则封装为一个User对象，返回给LoginServlet，否则，返回给一个null给Servlet。
FailServlet
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/failServlet")
public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登录失败，用户名或密码错误");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
SuccessServlet
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取request域中共享的user对象
User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
if(user!=null){
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登录成功！"+user.getUsername()+"欢迎您");
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
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