文章目录
Spring Security
Spring Security概述
- Spring Security 的前身是 Acegi Security ,是 Spring 项目组中用来提供安全认证服务的框架。
- 网址
(https://projects.spring.io/spring-security/)
- Spring Security 为基于J2EE企业应用软件提供了全面安全服务。特别
是使用领先的J2EE解决方案-Spring框架开发的企业软件项目。人们使用Spring Security有很多种原因,不过通常吸引他们的是在J2EE Servlet规范或EJB规范中找不到典型企业应用场景的解决方案。 特别要指出的是他们不能在WAR 或 EAR 级别进行移植。这样,如果你更换服务器环境,就要,在新的目标环境进行大量的工作,对你的应用系统进行重新配 置安全。使用Spring Security 解决了这些问题,也为你提供很多有用的,完全可以指定的其他安全特性。 安全包括两个主要操作。
- “认证”,是为用户建立一个他所声明的主体。主题一般式指用户,设备或可以在你系 统中执行动作的其他系统。
- “授权”指的是一个用户能否在你的应用中执行某个操作,在到达授权判断之前,身份的主题已经由 身份验证过程建立了。
-
这些概念是通用的,不是Spring Security特有的。在身份验证层面,Spring Security广泛支持各种身份验证模式,这些验证模型绝大多数都由第三方提供,或则正在开发的有关标准机构提供的,例如 Internet Engineering Task Force.作为补充,Spring Security 也提供了自己的一套验证功能。
-
Spring Security 目前支持认证一体化如下认证技术: HTTP BASIC authentication headers (一个基于IEFT RFC 的标准) HTTP Digest authentication headers (一个基于IEFT RFC 的标准) HTTP X.509 client certificate exchange(一个基于IEFT RFC 的标准) LDAP (一个非常常见的跨平台认证需要做法,特别是在大环境) Form-based authentication (提供简单用户接口的需求) OpenID authentication Computer Associates Siteminder JA-SIG Central Authentication Service (CAS,这是一个流行的开源单点登录系统) Transparent authentication context propagation for Remote Method Invocation and HttpInvoker (一个Spring远程调用协议)
Spring Security简单入门
1. 从xml中读取用户名密码(了解)
- 配置思路
- web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<display-name>SpringSecurity314</display-name>
<!--配置监听器,当servletContext创建时,加载配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--配置过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
- pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lld.springsecurity</groupId>
<artifactId>spring_security_demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<!--spring版本-->
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!--spring-security版本-->
<spring.security.version>5.0.1.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
</properties>
<!--spring jar包引入-->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring-security jar包引入-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!-- java编译插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 指定端口 -->
<port>8090</port>
<!-- 请求路径 -->
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- spring-security.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">
<security:http auto-config="true" use-expressions="false">
<!-- intercept-url定义一个过滤规则 pattern表示对哪些url进行权限控制,ccess属性表示在请求对应
的URL时需要什么权限,
默认配置时它应该是一个以逗号分隔的角色列表,请求的用户只需拥有其中的一个角色就能成功访问对应
的URL -->
<security:intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
<!-- auto-config配置后,不需要在配置下面信息 <security:form-login /> 定义登录表单信息
<security:http-basic
/> <security:logout /> -->
</security:http>
<security:authentication-manager>
<security:authentication-provider>
<security:user-service>
<security:user name="lld" password="{noop}1"
authorities="ROLE_USER" />
<security:user name="admin" password="{noop}admin"
authorities="ROLE_ADMIN" />
</security:user-service>
</security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>
</beans>
2. 从数据库中读取用户名和密码(掌握)
配置思路
- web.xml中
- 配置一个监听器,监听servletContext创建,在创建时加载配置文件(与spring使用一个监听器)
- 配置一个过滤器,过滤所有请求
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<!--spring-security配置-->
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--配置监听器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--加载spring和spring-security.xml的配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml,classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--前端控制器:加载springMVC.xml-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--加载SpringMVC.xml文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--服务器启动,创建servlet-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 解决中文乱码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>
2. 创建spring-security.xml文件,并进行配置
spring-security.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">
<!-- 配置不拦截的资源 -->
<security:http pattern="/login.jsp" security="none"/>
<security:http pattern="/failer.jsp" security="none"/>
<security:http pattern="/css/**" security="none"/>
<security:http pattern="/img/**" security="none"/>
<security:http pattern="/plugins/**" security="none"/>
<!--
配置具体的规则
auto-config="true" 不用自己编写登录的页面,框架提供默认登录页面
use-expressions="false" 是否使用SPEL表达式(没学习过)
-->
<security:http auto-config="true" use-expressions="false">
<!-- 配置具体的拦截的规则 pattern="请求路径的规则" access="访问系统的人,必须有ROLE_USER的角色" -->
<security:intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN"/>
<!--
定义跳转的具体的页面
* 登录的页面及地址
login-page="/login.jsp"
* 点击登录发送的请求
login-processing-url="/login.do"
* 默认跳转到的页面
default-target-url="/index.jsp"
* 失败跳转到的页面
authentication-failure-url="/failer.jsp"
* 登陆成功跳转的页面
authentication-success-forward-url="/pages/main.jsp"
-->
<security:form-login
login-page="/login.jsp"
login-processing-url="/login.do"
default-target-url="/index.jsp"
authentication-failure-url="/failer.jsp"
authentication-success-forward-url="/pages/main.jsp"
/>
<!-- 关闭跨域请求 -->
<security:csrf disabled="true"/>
<!--
设置注销用户
invalidate-session="true":用户注销后杀死session
logout-url="/logout.do":发送/logout.do请求会注销用户
logout-success-url="/login.jsp":用户注销后跳转的页面
-->
<security:logout invalidate-session="true" logout-url="/logout.do" logout-success-url="/login.jsp" />
</security:http>
<!-- 切换成数据库中的用户名和密码 -->
<security:authentication-manager>
<!--请求后调用的service-->
<security:authentication-provider user-service-ref="userService">
<!-- 配置加密的方式 -->
<!--<security:password-encoder ref="passwordEncoder"/>-->
</security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>
<!-- 配置加密类 -->
<bean id="passwordEncoder" class="org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder"/>
<!-- 提供了入门的方式,在内存中存入用户名和密码
<security:authentication-manager>
<security:authentication-provider>
<security:user-service>
<security:user name="admin" password="{noop}admin" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
</security:user-service>
</security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>
-->
</beans>
Userservice.java
package cn.lld.service;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
/**
* @ClassName UserService
* @Description TODO
* @Author LLD
* @Date 2020/2/8 15:05
* @Version 1.0
*/
public interface UserService extends UserDetailsService {
}
UserserviceIml.java
package cn.lld.service.Impl;
import cn.lld.Dao.userDao;
import cn.lld.domain.Role;
import cn.lld.domain.UserInfo;
import cn.lld.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @ClassName UserServiceImpl
* @Description TODO
* @Author LLD
* @Date 2020/2/8 15:09
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Service("userService")
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private userDao userDao;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
UserInfo userInfo = userDao.findUserByUsername(username);
//User user = new User(userInfo.getUsername(),"{noop}"+userInfo.getPassword(),getAuthority());
User user = new User(userInfo.getUsername(),"{noop}"+userInfo.getPassword(),userInfo.getStatus()==0?false:true,
true,true,true,getAuthority(userInfo.getRoles()));
return user;
}
public List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> getAuthority(List<Role> roles){
List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (Role role : roles) {
list.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_"+role.getRoleName()));
}
return list;
}
}
密码的配置
- 使用明文加密登录时
- 使用密文加密时
服务器端方法级权限控制
在服务器端我们可以通过Spring security提供的注解对方法来进行权限控制。Spring Security在方法的权限控制上支持三种类型的注解,JSR-250注解、@Secured注解和支持表达式的注解,这三种注解默认都是没有启用的,需要单独通过global-method-security元素的对应属性进行启用
JSR-250注解(需要导入包,不需要在注解里加ROLE_前缀)
@Secured注解(不需要导入包,需要在注解里加ROLE_前缀)
支持表达式的注解
页面端标签控制权限
使用步骤
- maven导入
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>
<version>version</version>
</dependency>
- 页面导入
<%@taglib uri=“http://www.springframework.org/security/tags” prefix=“security”%>
常用标签
-
authentication
-
authorize
-
accesscontrollist