dlv golang调试

dlv go调试

dlv模式的几种方式

1、dlv attach pid

2、dlv run|debug run命令已被debug命令取代，运行dlv debug test.go会先编译go源文件，同时执行attach命令进入调试模式，该命令会在当前目录下生成一个名为debug的可执行二进制文件，退出调试模式会自动被删除。

3、 dlv exec executable_file：直接从二进制文件启动调试模式。

4、 dlv core executable_file core_file：以core文件启动调试，通常进行dlv的目的就是为了找出可执行文件core的原因，通过core文件可直接找出具体进程异常的信息。

5、dlv trace：该命令最直接的用途是可以追踪代码里函数的调用轨迹，可通过help查看其调用方式。

dlv trace main.go Test

dlv help

(dlv) help
The following commands are available:

Running the program:
    call ------------------------ Resumes process, injecting a function call (EXPERIMENTAL!!!)
    continue (alias: c) --------- Run until breakpoint or program termination.
    next (alias: n) ------------- Step over to next source line.
    rebuild --------------------- Rebuild the target executable and restarts it. It does not work if the executable was not built by delve.
    restart (alias: r) ---------- Restart process.
    step (alias: s) ------------- Single step through program.
    step-instruction (alias: si)  Single step a single cpu instruction.
    stepout (alias: so) --------- Step out of the current function.

Manipulating breakpoints:
    break (alias: b) ------- Sets a breakpoint.
    breakpoints (alias: bp)  Print out info for active breakpoints.
    clear ------------------ Deletes breakpoint.
    clearall --------------- Deletes multiple breakpoints.
    condition (alias: cond)  Set breakpoint condition.
    on --------------------- Executes a command when a breakpoint is hit.
    toggle ----------------- Toggles on or off a breakpoint.
    trace (alias: t) ------- Set tracepoint.
    watch ------------------ Set watchpoint.

Viewing program variables and memory:
    args ----------------- Print function arguments.
    display -------------- Print value of an expression every time the program stops.
    examinemem (alias: x)  Examine raw memory at the given address.
    locals --------------- Print local variables.
    print (alias: p) ----- Evaluate an expression.
    regs ----------------- Print contents of CPU registers.
    set ------------------ Changes the value of a variable.
    vars ----------------- Print package variables.
    whatis --------------- Prints type of an expression.

Listing and switching between threads and goroutines:
    goroutine (alias: gr) -- Shows or changes current goroutine
    goroutines (alias: grs)  List program goroutines.
    thread (alias: tr) ----- Switch to the specified thread.
    threads ---------------- Print out info for every traced thread.

Viewing the call stack and selecting frames:
    deferred --------- Executes command in the context of a deferred call.
    down ------------- Move the current frame down.
    frame ------------ Set the current frame, or execute command on a different frame.
    stack (alias: bt)  Print stack trace.
    up --------------- Move the current frame up.

Other commands:
    config --------------------- Changes configuration parameters.
    disassemble (alias: disass)  Disassembler.
    dump ----------------------- Creates a core dump from the current process state
    edit (alias: ed) ----------- Open where you are in $DELVE_EDITOR or $EDITOR
    exit (alias: quit | q) ----- Exit the debugger.
    funcs ---------------------- Print list of functions.
    help (alias: h) ------------ Prints the help message.
    libraries ------------------ List loaded dynamic libraries
    list (alias: ls | l) ------- Show source code.
    source --------------------- Executes a file containing a list of delve commands
    sources -------------------- Print list of source files.
    transcript ----------------- Appends command output to a file.
    types ---------------------- Print list of types

Type help followed by a command for full documentation.

常用的指令

设置断点

b test main.go:11

查看所有断点

(dlv) bp
Breakpoint runtime-fatal-throw (enabled) at 0x4366c0 for runtime.throw() c:/program files/go/src/runtime/panic.go:1188 (0)
Breakpoint unrecovered-panic (enabled) at 0x436a20 for runtime.fatalpanic() c:/program files/go/src/runtime/panic.go:1271 (0)
        print runtime.curg._panic.arg
Breakpoint 1 (enabled) at 0x4b65b4 for main.Bar() d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:9 (1)
Breakpoint 2 (enabled) at 0x4b6606 for main.Bar() d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:11 (1)

在断点处加打印

on 1 p name

删除断点

clear 1
clearall 

list：打印当前断点位置的源代码，list后面加行号可以展示该行附近的源代码，如list test.go:10将会展示test.go文件第10行附近的代码，值得注意的是该行必须是代码行而不能是空行。

list main.go:18

condition ：有条件的中断断点，当expression为true时指定的断点将被中断，程序将继续执行。

conditon 2 a==105
# 断点2在a==105条件下中断

toggle：打开或者关闭一个断点

toggle 2

next|step：逐行执行代码，区别和gdb类似，next遇到函数调用时不会进入该函数，step则会进入函数，如果需要查看函数的具体执行过程则用step，否则用next

locals：查看局部变量

    11: func main() {
    12: 
    13:         var a = 100
    14:         for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
    15:                 a++
=>  16:                 Print(i)
    17:         }
    18: }

(dlv) locals
a = 103
i = 2
(dlv) locals a
a = 103

args：查看函数参数

     4: 
=>   5: func Print(i int) {
     6:         fmt.Println(i)
     7: }
     8: 

(dlv) args
i = 2
(dlv) args i
i = 2

bt：打印栈信息

(dlv) bt
0  0x00000000004a2c7f in main.main
   at d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:22
1  0x00000000004384d7 in runtime.main
   at c:/program files/go/src/runtime/proc.go:255
2  0x00000000004605a1 in runtime.goexit
   at c:/program files/go/src/runtime/asm_amd64.s:1581

frame：切换栈

frame 0

regs：打印寄存器内容

(dlv) regs
   Rip = 0x00000000004a2bd4
   Rsp = 0x000000c00007be90
   Rax = 0x0000000000000004
   Rbx = 0x0000000000000000
   Rcx = 0x0000000000000000
   Rdx = 0x0000000000000004
   Rsi = 0x000000c000022b60
   Rdi = 0x000000c00007e008
   Rbp = 0x000000c00007bed8
    R8 = 0x0000000000000000
    R9 = 0x0000000000000004
   R10 = 0x0000000000000000
   R11 = 0x0000000000000004

goroutines：打印goroutines

func Fuc(value int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
	fmt.Println(value)
	wg.Done()
}

func main() {
	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		go Fuc(i, &wg)
	}
	wg.Wait()
	fmt.Println("finish")
}

(dlv) goroutines
  Goroutine 1 - User: d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:28 main.main (0x4a30b8) (thread 6764)
  Goroutine 2 - User: c:/program files/go/src/runtime/proc.go:367 runtime.gopark (0x4388d2) [force gc (idle)]
  Goroutine 3 - User: c:/program files/go/src/runtime/proc.go:367 runtime.gopark (0x4388d2) [GC sweep wait]
  Goroutine 4 - User: c:/program files/go/src/runtime/proc.go:367 runtime.gopark (0x4388d2) [GC scavenge wait]
  Goroutine 5 - User: c:/program files/go/src/runtime/proc.go:367 runtime.gopark (0x4388d2) [finalizer wait]
* Goroutine 6 - User: d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:20 main.Fuc (0x4a2f22) (thread 11840)
  Goroutine 7 - User: d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:28 main.main·dwrap·1 (0x4a3140)
  Goroutine 8 - User: d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:28 main.main·dwrap·1 (0x4a3140)
[8 goroutines]

goroutine：协程切换。dlv默认会一直在主协程上执，为打印Func函数中的临时变量a，需要进行协程切换，先执行goroutine 5表示切换到5号协程上，然后bt命令查看当前协程的栈状态，执行frame 3 locals切换到3号栈上并打印栈上的变量。

(dlv) goroutine 7
Switched from 8 to 7 (thread 12920)

(dlv) bt
0  0x00000000004388d2 in runtime.gopark
   at c:/program files/go/src/runtime/proc.go:367
1  0x000000000045d57b in time.Sleep
   at c:/program files/go/src/runtime/time.go:193
2  0x00000000004a31eb in main.Fuc
   at d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:21
3  0x00000000004a33d9 in main.main·dwrap·1
   at d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:29
4  0x0000000000460841 in runtime.goexit
   at c:/program files/go/src/runtime/asm_amd64.s:1581

(dlv) frame 2
> runtime.gopark() c:/program files/go/src/runtime/proc.go:367 (PC: 0x4388d2)
Warning: debugging optimized function
Frame 2: d:/go/src/demo/string/main.go:21 (PC: 4a31eb)
Warning: listing may not match stale executable
    16:         fmt.Println("b")
    17: }
    18: 
    19: func Fuc(value int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
    20:         fmt.Println(value)
=>  21:         time.Sleep(time.Second * 10)
    22:         wg.Done()
    23: }
    24: 
    25: func main() {
    26:         wg := sync.WaitGroup{}

(dlv) args
value = 1
wg = (*sync.WaitGroup)(0xc00000a0d0)

sources：打印所有源代码路径

threads：显示所有线程，thread：线程切换，这两个命令与goroutines、goroutine类似，不过在go语言中一般很少使用。

trace：跟踪，类似于打断点，但是代码不会中断继续执行，同时打印一行信息。