一、 Promise 的理解
- Promise 是 JS 中进行异步编程的新解决方案
- promise 对象用来封装一个异步操作并可以获取其成功/失败的结果值
- promise 有 3 种状态,pending、resolved、rejected
- promise 的状态改变(只有 2 种, 只能改变一次),pending 变为 resolved, pending 变为 rejected
二、Promise 构造函数
const PENDING = 'pending'
const RESOLVED = 'resolved'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'
function Promise(excutor) {
const self = this
self.status = PENDING
self.data = undefined
self.callbacks = []
function resolve(value) {
if (self.status !== PENDING) return
self.status = RESOLVED
self.data = value
if (self.callbacks.length > 0) {
setTimeout(() => {
self.callbacks.forEach((cbsObj) => {
cbsObj.onResolved(value)
})
})
}
}
function reject(reason) {
if (self.status !== PENDING) return
self.status = REJECTED
self.data = reason
if (self.callbacks.length > 0) {
setTimeout(() => {
self.callbacks.forEach((cbsObj) => {
cbsObj.onRejected(reason)
})
})
}
}
try {
excutor(resolve, reject)
} catch (error) {
reject(error)
}
}
三、Promise.prototype.then 方法
Promise.prototype.then = function (onResolved, onRejected) {
const self = this
onResolved = typeof onResolved === 'function' ? onResolved : (value) => value
onRejected =
typeof onRejected === 'function'
? onRejected
: (reason) => {
throw reason
}
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
function handle(callback) {
try {
const result = callback(self.data)
if (!(result instanceof Promise)) {
resolve(result)
} else {
result.then(
(value) => resolve(value),
(reason) => reject(reason)
)
}
} catch (error) {
reject(error)
}
}
if (self.status === RESOLVED) {
setTimeout(() => {
handle(onResolved)
})
} else if (self.status === REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
handle(onRejected)
})
} else {
self.callbacks.push({
onResolved(value) {
handle(onResolved)
},
onRejected(reason) {
handle(onRejected)
},
})
}
})
}
四、Promise.prototype.catch 方法
Promise.prototype.catch = function (onRejected) {
return this.then(undefined, onRejected)
}
五、Promise.resolve 方法
Promise.resolve = function (value) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if (value instanceof Promise) {
value.then(resolve, reject)
} else {
resolve(value)
}
})
}
六、Promise.reject 方法
Promise.reject = function (reason) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
reject(reason)
})
}
七、Promise.all 方法
Promise.all = function (promises) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
let resolvedCount = 0
const values = new Array(promises.length)
promises.forEach((p, index) => {
p.then(
(value) => {
resolvedCount++
values[index] = value
if (resolvedCount === promises.length) {
resolve(values)
}
},
(reason) => reject(reason)
)
})
})
}
八、 Promise.race 方法
Promise.race = function (promises) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
promises.forEach((p) => {
p.then(resolve, reject)
})
})
}