BGP基础配置

BGP基础配置

实验思路：

1. 首先给各个路由器配置IP
2. 在12.0网段与56.0网段间运行bgp协议
3. 在23.0、34.0、45.0之间运行ospf协议
4. R2与R5两个路由器之间建立bgp peer
5. 验证各个路由器之间的邻居关系
   需求：
   R1通过network的方式宣告自己的loopback 0 进入到 BGP 传递给R6
   问题：
   R5上的数据库中，BGP路由不是最好的。
   原因：
   因为下一跳地址与R5不是直连的
   解决办法：
   在R2上修改发送给R5的那些路由的下一跳IP地址。
   命令：
   R2 BGP下peer 邻居ip next-hop-local

R1
sys
[Huawei] sys R1
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.12.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R1]bgp 100
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]peer 192.168.12.2 as-number 200
[R1-bgp]int g0/0/0
dis bgp peer

BGP local router ID : 1.1.1.1
Local AS number : 100
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 1

Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv

192.168.12.2 4 200 8 10 0 00:06:21 Established
0

R2
sys
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.12.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.23.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]bgp 200
[R2-bgp] rou
[R2-bgp]route-select
[R2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-bgp]peer
[R2-bgp]peer 192.168.12.1 as
[R2-bgp]peer 192.168.12.1 as-number 100
[R2-bgp]peer 192.168.45.5 as-number 200
[R2-bgp]peer 192.168.23.2 next-hop-local //更改下一跳地址为自己
dis bgp peer

BGP local router ID : 2.2.2.2
Local AS number : 200
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 1

Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv

192.168.12.1 4 100 49 49 0 00:47:13 Established
0
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.23.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R2-ospf-1]q
[R2]dis ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
	  Peer Statistic Information

---

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 3.3.3.3 Full

[R2]

R3
sys
[Huawei]sys R3
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.23.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.34.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]ar
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.23.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.34.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R3-ospf-1]q
[R3]dis ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
	  Peer Statistic Information

---

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 2.2.2.2 Full
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 4.4.4.4 Full

[R3]

R4
sys
[Huawei]sys R4
[R4]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.34.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.45.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]are
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.34.4 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.45.4 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R4-ospf-1]q
[R4]dis ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
	  Peer Statistic Information

---

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 3.3.3.3 Full
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 5.5.5.5 Full

[R4]

R5
sys
[Huawei]sys R5
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.45.5 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.56.5 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R5]bgp 200
[R5-bgp]route-select
[R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-bgp]peer 192.168.23.2 as-number 200
[R5-bgp]peer 192.168.56.6 as-number 600
[R5-bgp]peer 192.168.23.2 next-hop-local //更改下一跳地址为自己
[R5-bgp]dis bgp peer
[R5-bgp]dis bgp peer

BGP local router ID : 5.5.5.5
Local AS number : 200
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 1

Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv

192.168.56.6 4 600 51 52 0 00:49:13 Established
0
[R5-bgp]
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.45.5 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R5-ospf-1]q
[R5]dis ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5
	  Peer Statistic Information

---

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 4.4.4.4 Full

[R5]

R6
sys
[Huawei]sys R6
[R6]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.56.6 24
[R6]bgp 600
[R6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-bgp]peer 192.168.56.5 as-number 200
[R6-bgp]dis bgp peer

BGP local router ID : 6.6.6.6
Local AS number : 600
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 1

Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv

192.168.56.5 4 200 3 3 0 00:01:10 Established
0
[R6-bgp]

需求：10.10.1.1 -----> 10.10.2.1 ping通

思路：

1. ping 通必须有路由，R3 R4里没有到达R6的路由，在R2上的ospf中导入bgp路由
2. 方便实验在R1 R6上分别创建 loopback 0 分别为10.10.1.1 和10.10.2.1！
3. 将loopback 0 网段宣告到bgp当中
4. 验证发现ping命令是由发包路由器出接口作为默认IP发出icmp包，所以要指定ICMP发包源 **ping –a 10.10.1.1（发包地址） 10.10.2.1（目标地址）

R1
[R1]int loopback 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.10.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]q
[R1]bgp 100
[R1-bgp]network 10.10.1.1 24

R6
[R6]int loopback 0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 10.10.2.1 24
[R6-LoopBack0]q
[R6]bgp 600
[R6-bgp]network 10.10.2.1 24

R2
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]import-route bgp

R5
[R5]ospf 1
[R5-ospf-1]import-route bgp

R1
ping –a 10.10.1.1 10.10.2.1 //改变发包源地址为10.10.1.1

需求：
保证网络稳定性，防止单点故障。
解决方法：
使用回环接口loopback进行邻居的建立 ，确保网络稳定
问题：
直接使用回环接口创建邻居时，邻居状态为idle 邻居建立不成功
原因：
发出bgp报文的接口不是 20.20.2.2或者20.20.5.5
解决方法：
先执行建立邻居协议，peer X.X.X.X as-number （AS号），然后用以下命令修改报文发出的源IP：
Peer X.X.X.X connect-interface loopback 0（自己的回环接口）

思路：
1.在R2 R5 中分别创建回环接口loopback 0 20.20.2.2和20.20.5.5
2.保证R2和R5的loopback 0 可以互相ping通，宣告到ospf中
3.R2上bgp中向R5 发送建立邻居报文peer 20.20.5.5 as-number 200 R5上一样
4.更改BGP报文源地址 peer 20.20.5.5 connect-interface loopback 0

R2
[R2]int LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 20.20.2.2 24
[R2-LoopBack0]q
[R2]ospf
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 20.20.2.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R2]bgp 200
[R2-bgp]peer 20.20.5.5 as-number 200
[R2-bgp]peer 20.20.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R2-bgp]

R5
[R5]int LoopBack 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 20.20.5.5 24
[R5-LoopBack0]q
[R5]ospf
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 20.20.5.5 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R5]bgp 200
[R5-bgp]peer 20.20.2.2 as-number 200
[R5-bgp]peer 20.20.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R5-bgp]