Problem Descrption
Farmer John has been informed of the location of a fugitive cow and wants to catch her immediately. He starts at a point N (0 ≤ N ≤ 100,000) on a number line and the cow is at a point K (0 ≤ K ≤ 100,000) on the same number line. Farmer John has two modes of transportation: walking and teleporting.
* Walking: FJ can move from any point X to the points X - 1 or X + 1 in a single minute
* Teleporting: FJ can move from any point X to the point 2 × X in a single minute.
If the cow, unaware of its pursuit, does not move at all, how long does it take for Farmer John to retrieve it?
Input
Line 1: Two space-separated integers: N and K
Output
Line 1: The least amount of time, in minutes, it takes for Farmer John to catch the fugitive cow.
Sample Input
5 17
Sample Output
4
Hint
The fastest way for Farmer John to reach the fugitive cow is to move along the following path: 5-10-9-18-17, which takes 4 minutes.
问题链接:http://poj.org/problem?id=3278
问题分析:搜索类问题,首先想到DFS和BFS两种,像这种很大的,如果用深搜很容易超时,所以明显是BFS,一开始写
为了记录步数使用了结构数组,然而这样会ML,这也给我提醒,以结构类型的队列可能内存较大,后来利用及数组记录父子节点的方式解决,可以建立数组ed[tx]=t,即记录tx的父节点为t,最后再回溯即可;
AC代码:
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int n, k;
int vis[100005];
int ed[100005];
void bfs()
{
queue<int>q;
q.push(n);
vis[n];
while (!q.empty())
{
int t = q.front();
if (t == k)
{
return;
}
q.pop();
int tx;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
if (i == 0) { tx = t + 1; }
if (i == 1) { tx = t * 2; }
if (i == 2) { tx = t - 1; }
if (tx > 100000 || tx < 0 || vis[tx])continue;
q.push(tx);
ed[tx] = t;
vis[tx]=1;
}
}
}
int main()
{
while (cin >> n >> k)
{
memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
bfs();
int t=k,step=0;
while (t!=n)
{
t = ed[t];
step++;
}
cout << step << endl;
}
}
因使用结构队列而ML的代码:
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int n, k,min1=999999;
int vis[100005];
struct way
{
int x;
int step;
};
void bfs()
{
queue<way>q;
struct way a;
a.x = n, a.step = 0;
q.push(a);
vis[a.x];
while (!q.empty())
{
struct way t = q.front();
if (t.x == k)
{
if (t.step < min1)min1 = t.step;
return;
}
q.pop();
struct way tx;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
if (i == 0) { tx.x = t.x + 1; tx.step =t.step+1; }
if (i == 1) { tx.x = t.x * 2; tx.step =t.step+1; }
if (i == 2) { tx.x = t.x - 1; tx.step = t.step + 1; }
if (tx.x > 100000 || tx.x < 0 || vis[tx.x])continue;
q.push(tx);
vis[tx.x];
}
}
}
int main()
{
while (cin >> n >> k)
{
memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
min1 = 9999999;
bfs();
cout << min1 << endl;
}
}