spring之aop
学习前须知:
1、工具类org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean用来创建一个代理对象,在一般情况下它需要注入以下三个属性:
proxyInterfaces:代理应该实现的接口列表(List)
interceptorNames:需要应用到目标对象上的通知Bean的名字。(List)
target:目标对象 (Object)
2、前置通知(org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice):在连接点之前执行的通知()
案例:在购书系统当中使用AOP方式实现日志系统
3、后置通知(org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice):在连接点正常完成后执行的通知
案例:在线购书系统中,要求不修改BookBizImpl代码的情况下增加如下功能:对买书的用户进行返利:每买本书返利3元。(后置通知)
即:每调用一次buy方法打印:“[销售返利][时间]返利3元。”
4、环绕通知(org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor):包围一个连接点的通知,最大特点是可以修改返回值,由于它在方法前后都加入了自己的逻辑代码,因此功能异常强大。
它通过MethodInvocation.proceed()来调用目标方法(甚至可以不调用,这样目标方法就不会执行)
案例:修改日志系统不光要输出参数,还要输出返回值(环绕通知)
这个接口里面没有定义方法,我们要求我们的类必须实现afterThrows这个方法
public void afterThrowing( [Method method,] [Object args,] [Object target,] Throwable throwable );
前面三个参数都是可选的,只有第三个参数是必须的,同时我们还可以在同一个类中定义这个方法的多个版本,如:
public void afterThrowing( MyException1 ex ) {}
public void afterThrowing( MyException2 ex ) {}
具体那个方法被调用则根据具体的Exception来判断,由AOP容器自动识别 执行
5、异常通知(org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice):这个通知会在方法抛出异常退出时执行
案例: 书本价格为负数时抛出一个异常,通过异常通知取消此订单
6、适配器(过滤器)(org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor) 适配器=通知(Advice)+切入点(Pointcut)
案例:通过适配器解决发书评时也返利的问题
.*buy
代码如下:
biz层:
package com.yj.aop.biz;
public interface IBookBiz {
// 购书
public boolean buy(String userName, String bookName, Double price);
// 发表书评
public void comment(String userName, String comments);
}
impl层:
package com.yj.aop.biz.impl;
import com.yj.aop.biz.IBookBiz;
import com.yj.aop.exception.PriceException;
public class BookBizImpl implements IBookBiz {
public BookBizImpl() {
super();
}
public boolean buy(String userName, String bookName, Double price) {
// 通过控制台的输出方式模拟购书
if (null == price || price <= 0) {
throw new PriceException("book price exception");
}
System.out.println(userName + " buy " + bookName + ", spend " + price);
return true;
}
public void comment(String userName, String comments) {
// 通过控制台的输出方式模拟发表书评
System.out.println(userName + " say:" + comments);
}
}
异常层:
package com.yj.aop.exception;
public class PriceException extends RuntimeException {
public PriceException() {
super();
}
public PriceException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
}
public PriceException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}
public PriceException(String message) {
super(message);
}
public PriceException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
}
}
应用层:
前置通知:
package com.yj.aop.advice;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;
/**
* 买书、评论前加系统日志
* @author 雷神
*
*/
public class MyMethodBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
@Override
public void before(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object arg2) throws Throwable {
String clzName = arg2.getClass().getName();
String methodName = arg0.getName();
String params = Arrays.toString(arg1);
System.out.println("【系统日志】:"+clzName+"."+methodName+"("+params+")");
}
}
后置通知:
package com.yj.aop.advice;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;
/**
* 后置通知
* @author 雷神
*
*/
public class MyAfterReturningAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice {
@Override
public void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
String clzName = target.getClass().getName();
String methodName = method.getName();
String params = Arrays.toString(args);
System.out.println("【后置通知,买书返利】:"+clzName+"."+methodName+"("+params+")");
}
}
环绕通知:
package com.yj.aop.advice;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
/**
* 环绕通知
* @author 雷神
*
*/
public class MyMethodInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor {
@Override
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation arg0) throws Throwable {
String clzName = arg0.getThis().getClass().getName();
String methodName = arg0.getMethod().getName();
String params = Arrays.toString(arg0.getArguments());
System.out.println("【环绕通知】:"+clzName+"."+methodName+"("+params+")");
//returnValue是代理对象调用目标对象方法的返回值
Object returnValue = arg0.proceed();
System.out.println("【环绕通知】:"+clzName+"."+methodName+"("+params+")"+ " 方法调用的返回值:"+returnValue);
return returnValue;
}
}
异常通知:
package com.yj.aop.advice;
import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice;
import com.yj.aop.exception.PriceException;
/**
* 异常通知
* @author 雷神
*
*/
public class MyThrowsAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {
public void afterThrowing( PriceException ex) {
System.out.println("价格有错误,购买失败,请重新输入!!!!!");
}
}
配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
<bean id="userBiz" class="com.yj.ioc.biz.impl.UserBizImpl2"></bean>
<bean id="userAction" class="com.yj.ioc.web.UserAction">
<!--set注入 -->
<!-- <property name="uid" value="22"></property>
<property name="uname" value="zs"></property> -->
<!-- 构造注入 -->
<property name="userBiz" ref="userBiz"></property>
<constructor-arg name="uid" value="22"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg name="uname" value="zs"></constructor-arg>
<property name="hobby">
<list>
<value>篮球</value>
<value>rap</value>
<value>靖港</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- aop -->
<!-- 目标 -->
<bean id="bookBiz" class="com.yj.aop.biz.impl.BookBizImpl"></bean>
<!-- 通知 -->
<bean id="myMethodBeforeAdvice" class="com.yj.aop.advice.MyMethodBeforeAdvice"></bean>
<bean id="myAfterReturningAdvice" class="com.yj.aop.advice.MyAfterReturningAdvice"></bean>
<bean id="myMethodInterceptor" class="com.yj.aop.advice.MyMethodInterceptor"></bean>
<bean id="myThrowsAdvice" class="com.yj.aop.advice.MyThrowsAdvice"></bean>
<bean id="myAfterReturningAdvicePlus" class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="advice" ref="myAfterReturningAdvice"></property>
<!-- <property name="pattern" value=".*buy"></property> -->
<property name="patterns">
<list>
<value>.*buy</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 代理对象=目标+通知 -->
<bean id="bookBizProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="target" ref="bookBiz"></property>
<property name="proxyInterfaces">
<list>
<value>com.yj.aop.biz.IBookBiz</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>myMethodBeforeAdvice</value>
<!-- <value>myAfterReturningAdvice</value> -->
<value>myMethodInterceptor</value>
<value>myThrowsAdvice</value>
<value>myAfterReturningAdvicePlus</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
测试类:
package com.yj.aop.test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.yj.aop.biz.IBookBiz;
/**
* 测试类
* @author 雷神
*
*/
public class Demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/spring-context.xml");
// IBookBiz bean = (IBookBiz) context.getBean("bookBiz");
// System.out.println(bean.getClass());
IBookBiz bean = (IBookBiz) context.getBean("bookBizProxy");
// System.out.println(bean.getClass());
//报错之后,程序终止
bean.buy("gg", "圣墟", 66d);
bean.comment("gg", "真的好看");
}
}