Spring Boot自动配置

Spring Boot启动原理图

自动配置第一步：@SpringBootApplication

@SpringBootApplication
public class TestApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
    }
}

OK，进入@SpringBootApplication，可以看到内部注解如下：

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(
    excludeFilters = {@Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
), @Filter(
    type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
    classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)

重要的注解作用如下：

• @SpringBootConfiguration 加载配置类（@Configuration，使用Java Config配置方式）
• @EnableAutoConfiguration 开启自动配置
• @ComponentScan 组件扫描，扫描spring的bean（@Controller，@RestController，@Service，@Mapper，@Repository等等）

由此可见，自动配置第二步：@EnableAutoConfiguration

此注解开启自动配置

@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
    String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";

    Class<?>[] exclude() default {};

    String[] excludeName() default {};
}

重点在于：

• @AutoConfigurationPackage 自动配置包
• @Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})

自动配置第三步：@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})

这一步重点在于导入，它导入了谁？

• AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class

其导入的AutoConfigurationImportSelector的selectImports方法通过SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames扫描所有具有META-INF/spring.factories的jar包下面key是EnableAutoConfiguration全名的所有自动配置类。

protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
        List<String> configurations = new ArrayList(SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader()));
        ImportCandidates.load(AutoConfiguration.class, this.getBeanClassLoader()).forEach(configurations::add);
        Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories nor in META-INF/spring/org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
        return configurations;
    }

自动配置第四步：META-INF/spring.factories

之后，Spring Boot加载spring.factories文件的这些类，完成自动配置。

# Logging Systems
org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystemFactory=\
org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.Factory,\
org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2.Log4J2LoggingSystem.Factory,\
org.springframework.boot.logging.java.JavaLoggingSystem.Factory

# PropertySource Loaders
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertySourceLoader=\
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertiesPropertySourceLoader,\
org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader

# ConfigData Location Resolvers
org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataLocationResolver=\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigTreeConfigDataLocationResolver,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.StandardConfigDataLocationResolver

# ConfigData Loaders
org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataLoader=\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigTreeConfigDataLoader,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.StandardConfigDataLoader

# Application Context Factories
org.springframework.boot.ApplicationContextFactory=\
org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.context.AnnotationConfigReactiveWebServerApplicationContext.Factory,\
org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext.Factory

# Run Listeners
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=\
org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener

# Error Reporters
org.springframework.boot.SpringBootExceptionReporter=\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzers

# Application Context Initializers
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\
org.springframework.boot.context.ConfigurationWarningsApplicationContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.context.ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.DelegatingApplicationContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.rsocket.context.RSocketPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer,\
org.springframework.boot.web.context.ServerPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer

# Application Listeners
org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener=\
org.springframework.boot.ClearCachesApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.builder.ParentContextCloserApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.FileEncodingApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.AnsiOutputApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.DelegatingApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener,\
org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessorApplicationListener

# Environment Post Processors
org.springframework.boot.env.EnvironmentPostProcessor=\
org.springframework.boot.cloud.CloudFoundryVcapEnvironmentPostProcessor,\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataEnvironmentPostProcessor,\
org.springframework.boot.env.RandomValuePropertySourceEnvironmentPostProcessor,\
org.springframework.boot.env.SpringApplicationJsonEnvironmentPostProcessor,\
org.springframework.boot.env.SystemEnvironmentPropertySourceEnvironmentPostProcessor,\
org.springframework.boot.reactor.DebugAgentEnvironmentPostProcessor

# Failure Analyzers
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer=\
org.springframework.boot.context.config.ConfigDataNotFoundFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.context.properties.IncompatibleConfigurationFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.context.properties.NotConstructorBoundInjectionFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanCurrentlyInCreationFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanDefinitionOverrideFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BeanNotOfRequiredTypeFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BindFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.BindValidationFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.UnboundConfigurationPropertyFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.MutuallyExclusiveConfigurationPropertiesFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.NoSuchMethodFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.PortInUseFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.ValidationExceptionFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.InvalidConfigurationPropertyNameFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.InvalidConfigurationPropertyValueFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.analyzer.PatternParseFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.liquibase.LiquibaseChangelogMissingFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.web.context.MissingWebServerFactoryBeanFailureAnalyzer,\
org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.ConnectorStartFailureAnalyzer

# Failure Analysis Reporters
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalysisReporter=\
org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter

# Database Initializer Detectors
org.springframework.boot.sql.init.dependency.DatabaseInitializerDetector=\
org.springframework.boot.flyway.FlywayDatabaseInitializerDetector,\
org.springframework.boot.jdbc.AbstractDataSourceInitializerDatabaseInitializerDetector,\
org.springframework.boot.jdbc.init.DataSourceScriptDatabaseInitializerDetector,\
org.springframework.boot.liquibase.LiquibaseDatabaseInitializerDetector,\
org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.JpaDatabaseInitializerDetector,\
org.springframework.boot.r2dbc.init.R2dbcScriptDatabaseInitializerDetector

# Depends On Database Initialization Detectors
org.springframework.boot.sql.init.dependency.DependsOnDatabaseInitializationDetector=\
org.springframework.boot.sql.init.dependency.AnnotationDependsOnDatabaseInitializationDetector,\
org.springframework.boot.jdbc.SpringJdbcDependsOnDatabaseInitializationDetector,\
org.springframework.boot.jooq.JooqDependsOnDatabaseInitializationDetector,\
org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.JpaDependsOnDatabaseInitializationDetector

自动配置讲解完毕。