Liunx基础

安装操作系统

本教程采用CentOS 7.4测试
CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1708

删除SELinux

开启SELinux可能会出现莫名其妙的问题，能力有限，SELinux不是很精通，直接将SELinux关闭。

// 察看selinux状态
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Disabled

//永久关闭selinux
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

配置NTP

挂载cdrom

// 查看本地cdrom
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   200G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0     1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   199G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    50G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap 253:1    0   7.9G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-home 253:2    0 141.1G  0 lvm  /home
sr0              11:0    1   8.1G  0 rom //sr0为cdrom设备 

//创建挂载目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom
[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt/
cdrom
[root@localhost ~]# 


//挂载
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt/cdrom/
CentOS_BuildTag  EFI  EULA  GPL  images  isolinux  LiveOS  Packages  repodata  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7  TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   200G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0     1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   199G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0    50G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap 253:1    0   7.9G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-home 253:2    0 141.1G  0 lvm  /home
sr0              11:0    1   8.1G  0 rom  /mnt/cdrom //已成功挂载

//卸载cdrom
umount /dev/sr0

修改本地镜像源

[root@localhost /]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Media.repo

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat CentOS-Media.repo 
# CentOS-Media.repo
#
#  This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for
#  CentOS-7.  You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the
#  DVD ISO that we release.
#
# To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too:
#  yum --enablerepo=c7-media [command]
#  
# or for ONLY the media repo, do this:
#
#  yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c7-media [command]

[c7-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 

//配置本地源
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
c7-media                                                                                                               | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Metadata Cache Created