项目路径：/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite
一：添加虚拟环境venv
-
切换到项目路径
cd /home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite -
新建虚拟环境python3_venv
python -m venv python3_venv -
激活
source python3_venv/bin/activate -
下载项目所需第三方库
pip install -r requirements.txt
二：配置Gunicorn
-
虚拟环境中安装gunicorn
pip install gunicorn -
测试开启服务（可选）：
cd /home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite gunicorn mysite.wsgi:application --bind 127.0.0.1:9000 # 9000 为gunicorn端口 -
编写gunicorn脚本文件(linux中:set ff=unix)
1. cd /home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite 2. touch gunicorn_start.sh # 新建gunicorn文件 -
插入代码
#!/bin/bash NAME="mysite" DIR=/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite USER=zyh GROUP=zyh WORKERS=3 BIND=127.0.0.1:9000 DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=mysite.settings DJANGO_WSGI_MODULE=mysite.wsgi LOG_LEVEL=error cd $DIR source ../python3_venv/bin/activate export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=$DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE export PYTHONPATH=$DIR:$PYTHONPATH exec ../python3_venv/bin/gunicorn ${DJANGO_WSGI_MODULE}:application \ --name $NAME \ --workers $WORKERS \ --bind=$BIND \ --log-level=$LOG_LEVEL \ --log-file=- -
修改权限为可执行模式
sudo chmod u+x bin/gunicorn_start
三：配置Supervisor
-
虚拟环境中安装supervisor
pip install supervisor -
生成配置文件
cd /etc/supervisor echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf sudo vim supervisord.conf -
修改代码
[unix_http_server] file=/var/run/supervisor.sock (修改成当前) [inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default port=0.0.0.0:8080 通过网页管理 username=admin password=admin [supervisord] logfile=/var/log/supervisord.log(修改成当前) pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid(修改成当前) [supervisorctl] serverurl=unix:///var/run/supervisor.sock(修改成当前) 最后一行改为：files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf -
编辑自己的mysite.conf文件
cd conf.d touch mysite.conf插入代码
[program:mysite] directory=工作目录 command=/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite/gunicorn_start.sh（执行gunicorn文件） user=zyh autostart=true autorestart=true redirect_stderr=true stdout_logfile=/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite/logs/robot.log stderr_logfile=/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite/logs/err.log [program:celery] directory=/data_1/var/www/service_brain_model # -P为gevent或eventlet时，需要将beat和worker独立启动，-p=solo时不需要 command=/bin/bash -c "source /data_1/var/www/venv/service_brain/bin/activate&&celery -A service_brain_model worker -B -l info -P solo --without-gossip --without-mingle --without-heartbeat --logfile=logging/celery.log --pidfile=" autostart=true autorestart=true redirect_stderr=true stdout_logfile=/data_1/var/www/service_brain_model/logging/supervisor_celery_worker_access.log stderr_logfile=/data_1/var/www/service_brain_model/logging/supervisor_celery_worker.log environment=website_env=prod environment=PYTHONWARNINGS=ignore stopasgroup=true killasgroup=true *********** -
也可以直接在supervisord.conf中插入代码
删除最后一行files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf
[program:mysite] command =/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite/gunicorn_start.sh（执行gunicorn文件） user = zyh autostart=true autorestart=true redirect_stderr = true stdout_logfile =/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite/logs/robot.log stderr_logfile=/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite/logs/err.log -
新建logs文件夹
cd /home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite mkdir logs -
调试
启动 $ supervisord -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf $ sudo supervisorctl reread mysite: available $ sudo supervisorctl update mysite: added process group 查看所有服务状态 $ sudo supervisorctl status mysite RUNNING pid 18020, uptime 0:00:50 停止服务 $ sudo supervisorctl stop mysite mysite: stopped 开启服务 $ sudo supervisorctl start mysite mysite: started 重启服务 $ sudo supervisorctl restart mysite / reload(全部) mysite: stopped mysite: started
四：配置Nginx
# 规则示范
访问测试uriA: /api/docs/
访问测试uriB: /media/xxx.png/
访问测试uriC: /frontC/login/
访问测试uriD: /frontD/login/
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9000/; # A实际访问http://127.0.0.1:9000/api/docs/
}
location /api/ {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9000/; # A实际访问http://127.0.0.1:9000/docs/
}
location /api/ {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9000/api/; # A实际访问http://127.0.0.1:9000/api/docs/
}
location /media/ {
alias /home/zyh/mysite/meida/; # B实际访问/home/zyh/mysite/meida/xxx.png
}
location /media/ {
alias /home/zyh/mysite/meida/; # B实际访问/home/zyh/mysite/meida//xxx.png
}
location /media/ {
root /home/zyh/mysite/meida/; # B实际访问/home/zyh/mysite/meida/meida/xxx.png
}
location /media {
root /home/zyh/mysite/meida/; # B实际访问/home/zyh/mysite/meida/meida//xxx.png
}
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/test;
index login.html index.htm;
}
location /frontC {
alias /usr/share/nginx/html/project01/;
index login.html index.htm;
}
location /frontD {
alias /usr/share/nginx/html/project02/;
index login.html index.htm;
}
总结1.localtion 中末尾带/ 转发的末尾也要带/。
总结2.alias访问的是什么文件名就去指定目录里找,location的路径不存在时使用;
root访问的需要去指定目录末尾再加一级location去找,location的路径存在时使用。
-
下载
sudo apt install nginx -
新建dj.conf文件
cd /etc/nginx/sites-available/ touch dj.conf -
插入代码
server { listen 8000; # 监听端口(前端访问端口) server_name 192.168.153.189; # IP或者域名（前端访问） charset utf-8; client_max_body_size 75M; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9000; # gunicorn的bind proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } location /static { #这里做了访问静态目录不走uwsgi/gunicorn #expires 30d; #autoindex on; #add_header Cache-Control private; alias /home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite/staticfiles/; # django setting中static_root的路径 } } -
创建软连接
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/dj.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/dj.conf # 必须为绝对路径 -
删除默认文件
sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default -
重启nginx
sudo service nginx restart或sudo service nginx start
7.开机自启(可能已经自动添加了)
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
写入:
########################################
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#########################################
[Unit]:服务的说明
Description:描述服务
After:描述服务类别
[Service]服务运行参数的设置
Type=forking是后台运行的形式
ExecStart为服务的具体运行命令
ExecReload为重启命令
ExecStop为停止命令
PrivateTmp=True表示给服务分配独立的临时空间
注意：[Service]的启动、重启、停止命令全部要求使用绝对路径
[Install]运行级别下服务安装的相关设置，可设置为多用户，即系统运行级别为3
开机自启：systemctl enable nginx.service
查看状态：systemctl status nginx.service/sudo service nginx status
五：关于Django的静态文件
DEBUG = False
-
项目下新建static，staticfiles文件夹
-
setting.py:
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles') STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')] -
url.py:
from django.urls import path, re_path, include from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from django.views import static from django.conf import settings urlpatterns = [ #re_path(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), #path('polls/', include('polls.urls')), url(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$', static.serve, {'document_root': settings.STATIC_ROOT}, name='static') 或 ] urlpatterns+=static(settings.MEDIA_URL,document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT), urlpatterns+=static(settings.STATIC_URL,document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT) -
设置nginx
cd /etc/nginx/conf/ vim xx.conf 将所有.conf文件中server下添加： location /static { #这里做了访问静态目录不走uwsgi/gunicorn expires 30d; # 可选 autoindex on; # 可选 add_header Cache-Control private; # 可选 alias /home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/mysite/staticfiles/;(django setting中static_root对应) } -
收集静态文件：
python manage.py collectstatic sudo service nginx restart # 重启nginx
六：supervisor开机自启
-
配置系统文件
cd /lib/systemd/system vim supervisord.service -
插入代码(可能已经自动添加了)
[Unit] Description=Supervisord Service [Service] Type=forking ExecStart=/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/python3_venv/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf ExecStop=/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/python3_venv/bin/supervisorctl $OPTIONS shutdown ExecReload=/home/zyh/projects/mytestProject1/python3_venv/bin/supervisorctl $OPTIONS reload KillMode=process Restart=on-failure RestartSec=42s [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target -
重新加载
sudo systemctl daemon-reload -
激活开机启动
sudo systemctl enable supervisord.service
七：常用命令
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后台运行‘cmd’
$ nohup ‘cmd’ -
查看端口
netstat -nlpt | grep 9090 -
查看关键字
ps -aux | grep gunicorn -
kill 端口
sudo fuser -k 8000/tcp
八：理解
客户通过nginx：8000端口提交请求，nginx将动态请求分给gunicorn：9000端口，gunicorn通过Django执行后台程序后返回response给nginx，再返回给客服端；将静态请求设置缓存。supervisor检测gunicorn是否一直处于运行状态。
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