Delphi使用THTTPClient实现异步下载

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-24 13:25:05 发布

NE1620_

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-24 13:25:05 发布

阅读量863

点赞数

分类专栏： Delphi 文章标签：开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44002397/article/details/125810406

版权

Delphi 专栏收录该内容

2 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

该博客介绍了如何使用Delphi的THTTPClient组件进行异步HTTP下载操作。通过创建THTTPClient实例，设置下载进度回调函数，以及处理开始、暂停和结束下载的逻辑，实现了下载文件的可视化进度显示和用户交互。代码示例详细展示了从获取请求头到开始下载，以及在下载过程中更新进度条和速度信息的整个过程。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

首先在接口部分需要引用System.Net.HttpClient类

uses System.Net.HttpClient,System.IOUtils;　
初始化必需的变量参数

FClient: THTTPClient; //异步下载类
FGlobalStart: Cardinal; //全局计时
FAsyncResult: IAsyncResult; //set and get 异步调用的状态
FDownloadStream: TStream; //下载流

异步下载类的初始化：其中下方的ReceiveDataEvent方法表示响应下载的当前进度：滚动台、百分比等可视化内容可通过其展示给用户

FClient := THTTPClient.Create; //初始化
FClient.OnReceiveData := ReceiveDataEvent;//下载数据进度接收事件
FClient.SecureProtocols := [THTTPSecureProtocol.TLS1,
THTTPSecureProtocol.TLS11, THTTPSecureProtocol.TLS12];//协议类型可自定义
procedure ReceiveDataEvent(const Sender: TObject;
AContentLength, AReadCount: Int64; var Abort: Boolean);
var
LTime: Cardinal;
LSpeed: Integer;
begin
LTime := TThread.GetTickCount - FGlobalStart;//片段事件
if LTime = 0 then
Exit;
LSpeed := (AReadCount * 1000) div LTime;
// TThread.Queue 将线程放入主线程main窗体执行用于显示进度
TThread.Queue(nil,
procedure
begin
ProgressBarDownload.Value := AReadCount;
LabelGlobalSpeed.Caption := Format(‘Global speed: %d KB/s’,
[LSpeed div 1024]);
end);
end;
在窗体上放置了一个启动的button按钮，在buttononclick事件中调用SampleDownload方法。SampleDownload方法为实际的下载启动操作

procedure SampleDownload;
var
URL: string;
LResponse: IHTTPResponse;
LFileName: string;
LSize: Int64;
begin
LFileName := EditFileName.Text; //下载文件存放地址
try
URL := EditUrl.Text; //下载地址

LResponse := FClient.Head(URL); //获取请求头
LSize := LResponse.ContentLength; //判断请求头的大小 是否请求成功
Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Head response: %d - %s', [LResponse.StatusCode,
  LResponse.StatusText]));//打印出请求状态 和 状态内容
LResponse := nil; //释放请求头内容
ProgressBarDownload.Maximum := LSize; //进度条的最大值 要注意的是vcl与fmx进度条maxium不同
ProgressBarDownload.Minimum := 0; //进度条起点
ProgressBarDownload.Value := 0; //进度条当前值
LabelGlobalSpeed.Caption := 'Download speed: 0 KB/s';

Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Downloading: "%s" (%d Bytes) into "%s"',
  [EditFileName.Text, LSize, LFileName]));

// Create the file that is going to be dowloaded
FDownloadStream := TFileStream.Create(LFileName, fmCreate); //下载流初始化以及文件权限设置
FDownloadStream.Position := 0; //下载流从起点开始 初始化

// Start the download process
FGlobalStart := TThread.GetTickCount;
FAsyncResult := FClient.BeginGet(DoEndDownload, URL, FDownloadStream);//返回异步调用状态 以及 随时可控 可断

finally
BStopDownload.Enabled := FAsyncResult <> nil; //判断异步调用状态
BStartDownload.Enabled := FAsyncResult = nil; //释放
end;
end;

//接收下载的状态包括自然下载成功或用户人为终止
procedure DoEndDownload(const AsyncResult: IAsyncResult);
var
LAsyncResponse: IHTTPResponse;
begin
try
//判断异步调用的状态
LAsyncResponse := THTTPClient.EndAsyncHTTP(AsyncResult);
//将此线程阻塞到主线程中去在ui界面上告知用户操作状态
TThread.Synchronize(nil,
procedure
begin
if AsyncResult.IsCancelled then
Memo1.Lines.Add(‘Download Canceled’)
else
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add(‘Download Finished!’);
Memo1.Lines.Add(Format(‘Status: %d - %s’, [LAsyncResponse.StatusCode,
LAsyncResponse.StatusText]));
end;

    BStopDownload.Enabled := False;
    BStartDownload.Enabled := True;
  end);

finally
LAsyncResponse := nil;
FreeandNil(FDownloadStream);
end;
end;
放置了一个停止的Button按钮，在buttononclick中调用FAsyncResult.Cancel;方法可终止下载操作。

完整代码如下：

unit DownloadForm;

interface

uses
Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants,
System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, System.Net.URLClient,
System.Net.HttpClient, System.Net.HttpClientComponent, Vcl.ComCtrls,
Vcl.StdCtrls, System.Types, Vcl.ExtCtrls;

type
TFormDownload = class(TForm)
Panel1: TPanel;
Label1: TLabel;
Label2: TLabel;
EditFileName: TEdit;
EditUrl: TEdit;
BStartDownload: TButton;
LabelGlobalSpeed: TLabel;
BStopDownload: TButton;
Panel2: TPanel;
Memo1: TMemo;
ProgressBarDownload: TProgressBar;
procedure BStartDownloadClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure ReceiveDataEvent(const Sender: TObject; AContentLength: Int64;
AReadCount: Int64; var Abort: Boolean);
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
procedure BStopDownloadClick(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
FClient: THTTPClient;
FGlobalStart: Cardinal;
FAsyncResult: IAsyncResult;
FDownloadStream: TStream;
procedure SampleDownload;
procedure DoEndDownload(const AsyncResult: IAsyncResult);
public
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
FormDownload: TFormDownload;

implementation

uses System.IOUtils;
{$R *.dfm}

procedure TFormDownload.BStopDownloadClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
(Sender as TButton).Enabled := False;
FAsyncResult.Cancel;
end;

procedure TFormDownload.DoEndDownload(const AsyncResult: IAsyncResult);
var
LAsyncResponse: IHTTPResponse;
begin
try
LAsyncResponse := THTTPClient.EndAsyncHTTP(AsyncResult);
TThread.Synchronize(nil,
procedure
begin
if AsyncResult.IsCancelled then
Memo1.Lines.Add(‘Download Canceled’)
else
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add(‘Download Finished!’);
Memo1.Lines.Add(Format(‘Status: %d - %s’, [LAsyncResponse.StatusCode,
LAsyncResponse.StatusText]));
end;

    BStopDownload.Enabled := False;
    BStartDownload.Enabled := True;
  end);

finally
LAsyncResponse := nil;
FreeandNil(FDownloadStream);
end;
end;

procedure TFormDownload.ReceiveDataEvent(const Sender: TObject;
AContentLength, AReadCount: Int64; var Abort: Boolean);
var
LTime: Cardinal;
LSpeed: Integer;
begin
LTime := TThread.GetTickCount - FGlobalStart;
if LTime = 0 then
Exit;
LSpeed := (AReadCount * 1000) div LTime;
TThread.Queue(nil,
procedure
begin
ProgressBarDownload.Value := AReadCount;
LabelGlobalSpeed.Caption := Format(‘Global speed: %d KB/s’,
[LSpeed div 1024]);
end);
end;

procedure TFormDownload.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
FClient := THTTPClient.Create;
FClient.OnReceiveData := ReceiveDataEvent;
FClient.SecureProtocols := [THTTPSecureProtocol.TLS1,
THTTPSecureProtocol.TLS11, THTTPSecureProtocol.TLS12];
end;

procedure TFormDownload.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
FDownloadStream.Free;
FClient.Free;
end;

procedure TFormDownload.BStartDownloadClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
BStartDownload.Enabled := False;
SampleDownload;
end;

procedure TFormDownload.SampleDownload;
var
URL: string;
LResponse: IHTTPResponse;
LFileName: string;
LSize: Int64;
begin
LFileName := EditFileName.Text;
try
URL := EditUrl.Text;

LResponse := FClient.Head(URL);
LSize := LResponse.ContentLength;
Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Head response: %d - %s', [LResponse.StatusCode,
  LResponse.StatusText]));
LResponse := nil;
ProgressBarDownload.Maximum := LSize;
ProgressBarDownload.Minimum := 0;
ProgressBarDownload.Value := 0;
LabelGlobalSpeed.Caption := 'Download speed: 0 KB/s';

Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Downloading: "%s" (%d Bytes) into "%s"',
  [EditFileName.Text, LSize, LFileName]));

// Create the file that is going to be dowloaded
FDownloadStream := TFileStream.Create(LFileName, fmCreate);
FDownloadStream.Position := 0;

// Start the download process
FGlobalStart := TThread.GetTickCount;
FAsyncResult := FClient.BeginGet(DoEndDownload, URL, FDownloadStream);

finally
BStopDownload.Enabled := FAsyncResult <> nil;
BStartDownload.Enabled := FAsyncResult = nil;
end;
end;

end.

使用上述方法，便可使用Delphi完成异步下载_{Delphi是真的强大}超级大爱

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/ne1620/p/16454384.html