java断言--assertThat用法

做为一个准备向自动化测试进军的小测试，断言不会是不行。我当前主擅长的就是java和python，这里是java的断言总结。

@Test
public void testHamcrestMatchers() {
// 核心匹配
// allOf: 所有条件都必须满足，相当于&&
assertThat(“myname”, allOf(startsWith(“my”), containsString(“name”)));
// anyOf: 其中一个满足就通过， 相当于||
assertThat(“myname”, anyOf(startsWith(“na”), containsString(“name”)));
// both: &&
assertThat(“myname”, both(containsString(“my”)).and(containsString(“me”)));
// either: 两者之一
assertThat(“myname”, either(containsString(“my”)).or(containsString(“you”)));
// everyItem: 每个元素都需满足特定条件
assertThat(Arrays.asList(“my”, “mine”), everyItem(startsWith(“m”)));
// hasItem: 是否有这个元素
assertThat(Arrays.asList(“my”, “mine”), hasItem(“my”));
// hasItems: 包含多个元素
assertThat(Arrays.asList(“my”, “mine”, “your”), hasItems(“your”, “my”));
// is: is(equalTo(x))或is(instanceOf(clazz.class))的简写
assertThat(“myname”, is(“myname”));
assertThat(“mynmae”, is(String.class));
// anything(): 任何情况下，都匹配正确
assertThat(“myname”, anything());
// not: 否为真，相当于！
assertThat(“myname”, is(not(“you”)));
// nullValue(): 值为空
String str = null;
assertThat(str, is(nullValue()));
// notNullValue(): 值不为空
String str2 = “123”;
assertThat(str2, is(notNullValue()));

// 字符串匹配
// containsString：包含字符串
assertThat(“myname”, containsString(“na”));
// stringContainsInOrder: 顺序包含，“my”必须在“me”前面
assertThat(“myname”, stringContainsInOrder(Arrays.asList(“my”, “me”)));
// endsWith: 后缀
assertThat(“myname”, endsWith(“me”));
// startsWith: 前缀
assertThat(“myname”, startsWith(“my”));
// isEmptyString(): 空字符串
assertThat("", isEmptyString());
// equalTo: 值相等， Object.equals(Object)
assertThat(“myname”, equalTo(“myname”));
assertThat(new String[] {“a”, “b”}, equalTo(new String[] {“a”, “b”}));
// equalToIgnoringCase: 比较时，忽略大小写
assertThat(“myname”, equalToIgnoringCase(“MYNAME”));
// equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace: 比较时， 首尾空格忽略， 比较时中间用单个空格
assertThat(" my \t name “, equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace(” my name "));
// isOneOf: 是否为其中之一
assertThat(“myname”, isOneOf(“myname”, “yourname”));
// isIn: 是否为其成员
assertThat(“myname”, isIn(new String[]{“myname”, “yourname”}));
// toString() 返回值校验
assertThat(333, hasToString(equalTo(“333”)));

// 数值匹配
// closeTo: [operand-error, operand+error], Double或BigDecimal类型
assertThat(3.14, closeTo(3, 0.5));
assertThat(new BigDecimal(“3.14”), is(closeTo(new BigDecimal(“3”), new BigDecimal(“0.5”))));
// comparesEqualTo: compareTo比较值
assertThat(2, comparesEqualTo(2));
// greaterThan： 大于
assertThat(2, greaterThan(0));
// greaterThanOrEqualTo: 大于等于
assertThat(2, greaterThanOrEqualTo(2));
// lessThan: 小于
assertThat(0, lessThan(2));
// lessThanOrEqualTo: 小于等于
assertThat(0, lessThanOrEqualTo(0));

// 集合匹配
// array: 数组长度相等且对应元素也相等
assertThat(new Integer[]{1, 2, 3}, is(array(equalTo(1), equalTo(2), equalTo(3))));
// hasItemInArray: 数组是否包含特定元素
assertThat(new String[]{“my”, “you”}, hasItemInArray(startsWith(“y”)));
// arrayContainingInAnyOrder， 顺序无关，长度要一致
assertThat(new String[]{“my”, “you”}, arrayContainingInAnyOrder(“you”, “my”));
// arrayContaining: 顺序，长度一致
assertThat(new String[]{“my”, “you”}, arrayContaining(“my”, “you”));
// arrayWithSize: 数组长度
assertThat(new String[]{“my”, “you”}, arrayWithSize(2));
// emptyArray: 空数组
assertThat(new String[0], emptyArray());
// hasSize: 集合大小
assertThat(Arrays.asList(“my”, “you”), hasSize(equalTo(2)));
// empty: 空集合
assertThat(new ArrayList(), is(empty()));
// isIn: 是否为集合成员
assertThat(“myname”, isIn(Arrays.asList(“myname”, “yourname”)));
// Map匹配
Map<String, String> myMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
myMap.put(“name”, “john”);
// hasEntry: key && value匹配
assertThat(myMap, hasEntry(“name”, “john”));
// hasKey: key匹配
assertThat(myMap, hasKey(equalTo(“name”)));
// hasValue: value匹配
assertThat(myMap, hasValue(equalTo(“john”)));
}

最后声明，这也是网上搜寻所得，我只是做个总结。