IPv4套接字地址结构

   IPv4套接字地址结构通常也称为“网络套接字地址结构”，它以 sockaddr_in 命名，定义在<netinet/in.h>头文件中

/* Internet address.  */
typedef uint32_t in_addr_t;
struct in_addr
{
    in_addr_t s_addr;                       /* 32-bit IPv4 address */
                                                                /* network byte ordered */
};

/* POSIX.1g specifies this type name for the `sa_family' member.  */
typedef unsigned short int sa_family_t;
/* This macro is used to declare the initial common members
   of the data types used for socket addresses, `struct sockaddr',
   `struct sockaddr_in', `struct sockaddr_un', etc.  */
#define	__SOCKADDR_COMMON(sa_prefix) \
  sa_family_t sa_prefix##family
  
/* Structure describing an Internet socket address.  */
struct sockaddr_in
  {
    __SOCKADDR_COMMON (sin_);           /* AF_INET */
    in_port_t sin_port;			                       /* Port number.  */
    struct in_addr sin_addr;		                  /* Internet address.  */
    /* Pad to size of `struct sockaddr'.  */
    unsigned char sin_zero[sizeof (struct sockaddr) -
			   __SOCKADDR_COMMON_SIZE -
			   sizeof (in_port_t) -
			   sizeof (struct in_addr)];
  };