前言
Navigation 是 Android Jetpack 的导航组件,相关说明详见官网链接 https://developer.android.google.cn/guide/navigation/navigation-getting-started
参考于 Android官方架构组件Navigation:大巧不工的Fragment管理框架 - 简书
https://www.jianshu.com/p/ad040aab0e66
Android Studio 3.3 或者更高版本才可以使用
开始使用
1.添加依赖
dependencies {
def nav_version = "2.1.0"
// Java language implementation
implementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment:$nav_version"
implementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-ui:$nav_version"
// Kotlin
implementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:$nav_version"
implementation "androidx.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx:$nav_version"
}
2.新建 fragment 备用
新建几个 fragment ,本例实现在 fragment 之间跳转。
fragment 示例
Fragment_2.java:
public class Fragment_2 extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_2, container, false);
}
@Override
public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
view.findViewById(R.id.btn_2).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 跳转的点击事件
Navigation.findNavController(v).navigate(R.id.action_fragment_2_to_fragment_3);
}
});
}
}
fragment_2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_bright"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:text="222222"
android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
android:textSize="30sp" />
</RelativeLayout>
3.创建 navigation 图表
在 res 目录下新建一个 navigation 文件夹,在 navigation 文件夹下创建一个 navigation 的 xml ,本例命名为 nav_graph.xml 。
在 nav_graph.xml 设置 fragment
通过可视化页面添加 fragment 之间的关联,
下图示例跳转顺序,1 – 2 – 3 – 4 , 1 – 5 – 4 , 1 – 6 – 1
打开文本视图,可以查看到,通过可视化操作自动生成了 action 等操作
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/nav_graph"
app:startDestination="@id/fragment_1">
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment_1"
android:name="com.example.navigationdemo.Fragment_1"
android:label="Fragment_1" >
<action
android:id="@+id/action_fragment_1_to_fragment_2"
app:destination="@id/fragment_2"
// 添加动画
app:enterAnim="@android:anim/slide_in_left"
app:exitAnim="@android:anim/slide_out_right"
app:popEnterAnim="@android:anim/slide_in_left"
app:popExitAnim="@android:anim/slide_out_right"
/>
</fragment>
// 省略部分代码
</navigation>
5.NavHost 添加到 activity
布局添加
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<fragment
android:id="@+id/nav_host_fragment"
android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
// 这个很关键
app:defaultNavHost="true"
app:navGraph="@navigation/nav_graph"
/>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
重写 onSupportNavigateUp 方法
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
@Override
public boolean onSupportNavigateUp() {
//return super.onSupportNavigateUp();
return Navigation.findNavController(this, R.id.nav_host_fragment).navigateUp();
}
}
6.实现导航
Fragment_1 跳转到 Fragment_2,
跳转的关键语句 Navigation.findNavController(v).navigate(R.id.action_fragment_1_to_fragment_2);
如果希望 Fragment_2 跳转回 Fragment_1 则使用 Navigation.findNavController(v).navigateUp();
其余的跳转也类似。
跳转具有类似返回栈的效果,即 1 -2 -3 依次跳转后,按下返回键页面显示过程为 3-2-1
public class Fragment_1 extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_1, container, false);
}
@Override
public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
view.findViewById(R.id.btn_1).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Navigation.findNavController(v).navigate(R.id.action_fragment_1_to_fragment_2);
}
});
}
}
如果要携带参数,可以使用 Bundle
跳转时:
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("key", "value");
Navigation.findNavController(v).navigate(R.id.action_fragment_1_to_fragment_2, bundle);
接收端:
@Override
public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
String data = getArguments().getString("key", "ng");
}
至此,使用起来没问题的,某些细节后续补上。