面试问题 三个线程依次打印

1、全局flag + 全局mutex
 测试是否正确，可以在B线程取锁之前sleep一秒，发现确实是顺序打印

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex mut;
static int flag = 1;
static int sum = 0;

void f1() {
    while (1) {
        if (sum >= 100) {
            break;
        }
        mut.lock();
        if (flag == 1 && sum<100) {
            flag = 2;
            sum++;
            std::cout << "Thread 1: A: " << sum << std::endl;
        }
        mut.unlock();
    }
}
void f2() {
    while (1) {
        if (sum >= 100) {
            break;
        }
        // sleep(1);
        mut.lock();
        if (flag == 2 && sum<100) {
            flag = 3;
            sum++;
            std::cout << "Thread 2: B: " << sum << std::endl;
        }
        mut.unlock();
    }
}
void f3() {
    while (1) {
        if (sum >= 100) {
            break;
        }
        mut.lock();
        if (flag == 3 && sum<100) {
            flag = 1;
            sum++;
            std::cout << "Thread 3: C: " << sum << std::endl;
        }
        mut.unlock();
    }
}

int main() {
    std::thread thread1(f1);
    std::thread thread2(f2);
    std::thread thread3(f3);
    thread1.join();
    thread2.join();
    thread3.join();
}

2 、条件变量

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <functional>
#include <unistd.h>

std::mutex mut;
std::condition_variable A;
std::condition_variable B;
std::condition_variable C;

static int sum = 0;

void f1() {
    while (1) {
        if (sum >= 100) {
            B.notify_one();
            break;
        } else {
            std::cout << "Thread 1: A: " << sum << std::endl;
            sum++;
        }
        B.notify_one();
        std::unique_lock <std::mutex> lck(mut);
        A.wait(lck);
        lck.unlock();
    }
}

void f2() {
    while (1) {
        if (sum >= 100) {
            C.notify_one();
            break;
        } else {
            std::cout << "Thread 2: B: " << sum << std::endl;
            sum++;
        }
        C.notify_one();
        std::unique_lock <std::mutex> lck(mut);
        B.wait(lck);
        lck.unlock();
    }
}

void f3() {
    while (1) {
        if (sum >= 100) {
            A.notify_one();
            break;
        } else {
            std::cout << "Thread 3: C: " << sum << std::endl;
            sum++;
        }
        A.notify_one();
        std::unique_lock <std::mutex> lck(mut);
        C.wait(lck);
        lck.unlock();
    }
}

int main() {
    std::thread thread1(f1);
    sleep(1);
    std::thread thread2(f2);
    sleep(1);
    std::thread thread3(f3);
    thread1.join();
    thread2.join();
    thread3.join();
}