3)共享式同步状态获取与释放
与独占式获取最主要的区别:能否有多个线程同时获取到同步状态
上图,左半边表示共享式访问数据,后边为独占式访问数据。
通过调用同步器的acquireShared(int arg)
方法可以共享式地获取同步状态
public final void acquireShared(int arg) {
if (tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0)
doAcquireShared(arg);
}
private void doAcquireShared(int arg) {
final Node node = addWaiter(Node.SHARED);
boolean failed = true;
try {
boolean interrupted = false;
for (;;) {
final Node p = node.predecessor();
if (p == head) {
int r = tryAcquireShared(arg);
if (r >= 0) {
// 设置头节点,如果后继为SHARE则进行signal操作
setHeadAndPropagate(node, r);
p.next = null; // help GC
if (interrupted)
selfInterrupt();
failed = false;
return;
}
}
if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
parkAndCheckInterrupt())
interrupted = true;
}
} finally {
if (failed)
cancelAcquire(node);
}
}
与独占式一样,共享式获取也需要释放同步状态,通过调用releaseShared(int arg)
方法可以释放同步状态
public final boolean releaseShared(int arg) {
if (tryReleaseShared(arg)) {
doReleaseShared();
return true;
}
return false;
}
该方法在释放同步状态之后,将会唤醒后续处于等待状态的节点。对于能够支持多个线程同时访问的并发组件(比如Semaphore),它和独占式主要区别在于tryReleaseShared(int arg)
方法必须确保同步状态(或者资源数)线程安全释放,一般是通过循环和CAS来保证的
4) 独占式超时获取同步状态
通过调用同步器的doAcquireNanos(int arg,long nanosTimeout)
方法可以超时获取同步状态,即在指定的时间段内获取同步状态,如果获取到同步状态则返回true,否则,返回false。
private boolean doAcquireNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout)
throws InterruptedException {
if (nanosTimeout <= 0L)
return false;
final long deadline = System.nanoTime() + nanosTimeout;
final Node node = addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE);
boolean failed = true;
try {
for (;;) {
final Node p = node.predecessor();
if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) {
setHead(node);
p.next = null; // help GC
failed = false;
return true;
}
// 计算剩余时间
nanosTimeout = deadline - System.nanoTime();
// 超时 返回false
if (nanosTimeout <= 0L)
return false;
if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) &&
nanosTimeout > spinForTimeoutThreshold)
LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout);
if (Thread.interrupted())
throw new InterruptedException();
}
} finally {
if (failed)
cancelAcquire(node);
}
}
流程图: