cucumber基础测试用例

基础用例

1. idea生成基础springboot项目,导入cumumber所需依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.3.7.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.7.RELEASE</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.cucumber.demo.DemoApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>repackage</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2. 文件结构

在这里插入图片描述

3. 编写feature文件(参数写在语句里)

Feature: Mernagria
  Scenario: register new pet
    Given I am on the "new pet" page
    And I click the "register" button
    Then I should go to the "register" page

4. 根据feature步骤定义类(如果idea识别feature文件可以点击黄色问号生成类中方法)

public class MyStepdefs {
    @Given("^I am on the \"([^\"]*)\" page$")
    public void iAmOnThePage(String arg0) throws Throwable {
        // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
        System.out.println("I am on the "  +  arg0 +  " page");
//        throw new PendingException();
    }

    @And("^I click the \"([^\"]*)\" button$")
    public void iClickTheButton(String arg0) throws Throwable {
        // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
        System.out.println("I click the "+ arg0 +" button");
//        throw new PendingException();
    }

    @Then("^I should go to the \"([^\"]*)\" page$")
    public void iShouldGoToThePage(String arg0) throws Throwable {
        // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
        System.out.println("I should go to the "+arg0+" page");
//        throw new PendingException();
    }
}

5. 运行文件

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
//指定feature文件位置,和步骤类的位置(默认该类同一文件夹,所以此处没指定)和插件输出结果json文件位置
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources/facebook",plugin = {"pretty","html:target/cucumber","json:target/cucumber.json"})
public class Test {}

实现feature和java传参

6. 编写feature文件(参数写在examples里)

Feature: faceBook login

Scenario Outline: Login functionality for a social net working site.
  Given user navigates to Facebook
  When I enter Username as "<username>"
  And Password as "<password>"
  Then login should be unsuccessful
  Then check status "<status>"
  Then check msg "<msg>"
  Examples:
    |Scenario | username | password     | msg      | status |
    |test1    | a        | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
    |test2    | b        | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
    |test3    | b        | 123456       |          | 0000   |
    |test4    | b        | 123456       | null     | 0000   |

7. 根据feature步骤定义类

public class MyStepdefs {

    @Given("^user navigates to Facebook$")
    public void userNavigatesToFacebook() {
    }

    @When("^I enter Username as \"([^\"]*)\"$")
    public void iEnterUsernameAs(String username) throws Throwable {
        // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
        System.out.println(username);
    }

    @And("^Password as \"([^\"]*)\"$")
    public void passwordAsPassword(String password) {
        System.out.println(password);
    }

    @Then("^login should be unsuccessful$")
    public void loginShouldBeUnsuccessful() {

    }

    @But("^check msg (.*)$")
    public void checkMsg(String msg) {
        Assert.assertEquals(msg,"0000");
        System.out.println(msg);
    }

    @But("^check status \"([^\"]*)\"$")
    public void checkStatus(String status) throws Throwable {
        Assert.assertEquals(status,"0000");
        // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
        System.out.println(status);
    }
}

8. 运行文件

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources/facebook",plugin = {"pretty","html:target/cucumber","json:target/cucumber.json"})
public class Test {}

实现运行前初始化资源,运行后清除资源功能

9. 添加初始化资源和关闭资源(只执行一次)

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources/facebook",plugin = {"pretty","html:target/cucumber","json:target/cucumber.json"})
public class Test {
    @BeforeClass
    public static void init(){
        System.out.println("init the dataSource");
    }

    @AfterClass
    public static void close(){
        System.out.println("clear the source");
    }
}

10. 添加初始化资源和关闭资源(每次测试都执行一次只执行一次,必须新建文件放在run文件同一目录或者在运行文件注解上指定位置)

//junit的@Before和@After失效,要使用cumumber的@Before和@After
public class Hook {
    @Before
    public void init(){
        System.out.println("init dataBase everyTime");
    }
    @After
    public void clear(){
        System.out.println("clear dataBase everyTime");
    }
}

实现分支功能,可以在运行文件指定哪些分支会运行

11. 添加分支

Feature: faceBook login

Scenario Outline: Login functionality for a social net working site.
  Given user navigates to Facebook
  When I enter Username as "<username>"
  And Password as "<password>"
  Then login should be unsuccessful
  Then check status "<status>"
  Then check msg "<msg>"

  @test1
  Examples:
    |Scenario | username | password     | msg      | status |
    |test1    | a        | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
    |test2    | b        | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
    |test3    | b        | 123456       |          | 0000   |
    |test4    | b        | 123456       | null     | 0000   |

  @test2
  Examples:
    |Scenario | username  | password     | msg      | status |
    |test1    | ac        | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
    |test2    | bc        | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
    |test3    | bx        | 123456       |          | 0000   |
    |test4    | bc        | 123456       | null     | 0000   |

  @test3
  Examples:
    |Scenario | username  | password     | msg      | status |
    |test1    | acv       | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
    |test2    | bcb       | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
    |test3    | bvc       | 123456       |          | 0000   |
    |test4    | bvn       | 123456       | null     | 0000   |
//CucumberOptions里指定运行分支
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources/facebook",plugin = {"pretty","html:target/cucumber","json:target/cucumber.json"},monochrome = true,tags = {"@test1,@test3"})
public class Test {}

feature与java复杂类型传参

12. 传值(一个一个传)

参考官网链接

When I enter Username as "<username>"

Examples:
  |Scenario | username  | password     | msg      | status |
  |test1    | ace       | 123456       | success  | 0000   |
@When("I enter Username as {string}")

在这里插入图片描述

13. 传值(二维数组, 一行行传)

Then login should be unsuccessful
  |success  | good     | 0000   |
  |fail     | bad      | 5555   |
@Then("^login should be unsuccessful$")
public void loginShouldBeUnsuccessful(List<List<String>> dataTable) {
    System.out.println(dataTable);
    //结果打印[[success, good, 0000], [fail, bad, 5555]]
}

14. 传值(二维数组, 一键一值, 键值对)

Then login should be unsuccessful
  |success  | msg      | status |
  |success  | good     | 0000   |
  |fail     | bad      | 5555   |
@Then("^login should be unsuccessful$")
public void inShouldBeUnsuccessful(List<Map<String,String>> dataTable) {
    System.out.println(dataTable);
    //结果打印[{success=success, msg=good, status=0000}, {success=fail, msg=bad, status=5555}]
}

15. 传值(二维数组, 一键多值, 键值对)

Then login should be unsuccessful
  |success  | good     | 0000   |
  |fail     | bad      | 5555   |
@Then("^login should be unsuccessful$") public void inShouldBeUnsuccessful(Map<String,List<String>> dataTable) { System.out.println(dataTable); //结果打印{success=[good, 0000], fail=[bad, 5555]} }

16. 传一个对象(键值对)

Then login should be unsuccessful
  |success  | success  |
  |msg      | good     |
  |state    | 500      |
@Then("^login should be unsuccessful$")
public void inShouldBeUnsuccessful(Map<String,String> dataTable) {
    System.out.println(dataTable);
    //结果打印{success=success, msg=good, state=500}
}

17. 传值(二维数组)

Then login should be unsuccessful
  |         | msg      | status |
  |success  | good     | 0000   |
  |fail     | bad      | 5555   |
@Then("^login should be unsuccessful$")
public void inShouldBeUnsuccessful(Map<String,Map<String,String>> dataTable) {
    System.out.println(dataTable);
    //结果打印{success={msg=good, status=0000}, fail={msg=bad, status=5555}}
}

18. 直接对象接收

Then login should be unsuccessful
  |success  | fail     |
  |msg      | bad      |
  |status   | 5555     |
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.75</version>
</dependency>

可以在glue指定配置文件位置

@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources/facebook",
        plugin = {"pretty","html:target/cucumber","json:target/cucumber.json"},
        glue = {"com.cucumber.demo.facebook"},
        monochrome = true,
        tags = {"@test1","@test3"})

必须定义配置类,在配置类里将DataTable数据转化为对应对象
在这里插入图片描述

public class Configurer implements TypeRegistryConfigurer {
    private DataTableTypeRegistry registry = new DataTableTypeRegistry(Locale.ENGLISH);
    //cumumber提供的一个默认实现DataTable.TableConverter的类
    private DataTable.TableConverter converter =  new DataTableTypeRegistryTableConverter(registry);

    @Override
    public Locale locale() {
        return Locale.ENGLISH;
    }

    @Override
    public void configureTypeRegistry(TypeRegistry typeRegistry) {
        typeRegistry.defineDataTableType(new DataTableType(Res.class, (DataTable dataTable)->{
            Map<String, String> dataMap = converter.toMap(dataTable, String.class, String.class);
            return JSON.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(dataMap),Res.class);
        }));
    }
}
@Then("^login should be unsuccessful$")
public void inShouldBeUnsuccessful(Res res) {
    System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(res));
    //结果打印{"msg":"bad","status":"5555","success":"fail"}
}

19. 对象集合接收

Then login should be unsuccessful
  |success  | msg      | status |
  |success  | good     | 0000   |
  |fail     | bad      | 5555   |
public class Configurer implements TypeRegistryConfigurer {
    ...
    @Override
    public void configureTypeRegistry(TypeRegistry typeRegistry) {
        ...
        typeRegistry.defineDataTableType(new DataTableType(Res.class, (Map<String,String> dataMap)->{
            return JSON.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(dataMap),Res.class);
        }));
    }
}
@Then("^login should be unsuccessful$")
public void inShouldBeUnsuccessful(List<Res> res) {
    System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(res));
    //打印结果[{"msg":"good","status":"0000","success":"success"},{"msg":"bad","status":"5555","success":"fail"}]
}
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