一、父工程
1.pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.byd</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!-- 父工程下的子模块项目-->
<modules>
<module>cloud-provider8001</module>
<module>cloud-consumer80</module>
<module>cloud-eureka-server7001</module>
</modules>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<!-- 统一管理jar包版本号 -->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>8.0.21</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.10</druid.version>
</properties>
<!-- 子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR12</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.4.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
注:Maven使用dependencyManagement元素来提供一种管理依赖版本号的方式。
通常只有在一个项目的最顶层父pom中才会看到dependencyManagement元素。
子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version。子项目可以只引入一个依赖,而不用显示写出版本号。
dependencyManagement只锁定依赖,并不真正引入jar包。
二、子模块(项目)
- 建module
- 改pom
- 写yml
- 主启动
- 业务类
1.微服务提供者模块pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.byd</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<!--由于有了父项目所以groupId和version不用写-->
<artifactId>cloud-provider8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--eureka-client-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
在子项目的pom文件中,如果引入依赖jar包,当写了版本号时按子项目版本号走,没有按父项目存在的锁定的版本号走。
2.yml
凡是微服务项目,建议yml里必须有服务端口号和服务名称。
server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: cloud-provider8001
3.运行
微服务的项目一般要启动很多项目,此时为了方便有一些办法:
①IDEA2019版本之前,View->>Tool Windows->>Run Dashboard
②IDEA2019版本之后,View->>Tool Windows->>Services
4.自动热部署Devtools
注:建议在开发阶段开启热部署,实际上线后,生产环境中应关闭热部署。
①Adding devtools to your project
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
②Adding plugin to your pom.xml
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
③Enabling automatic build
④Update the value of
快捷键ctrl+shift+alt+/ ->> Registry
⑤重启IDEA
三、服务间的调用
在Spring项目中服务间的调用可以使用 RestTemplate ,使用 Java 自带的 HttpUrlConnection 或者经典的网络访问框架 HttpClient 也可以。
①将RestTemplate 配置为一个Bean方便使用
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
②使用
public class HelloToController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
public String hello(){
return restTemplate.postForObject("地址","请求参数","返回对象");
}
}
例:
return restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8001/provider/hello",null,String.class);