system表空间丢失损坏，或者丢失异常处理

system01.dbf,表空间丢失损坏，或者丢失异常处理

起库到mounted状态，显示找不到system.01.dbf文件
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  835104768 bytes
Fixed Size                  2257840 bytes
Variable Size             541068368 bytes
Database Buffers          289406976 bytes
Redo Buffers                2371584 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf'

恢复过程

#进入rman
rman target /
#找一下问题原因
RMAN> list failure;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Database Failures
=========================

Failure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary
---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------
402        CRITICAL OPEN      28-NOV-22     System datafile 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf' is missing

#从备份里恢复
RMAN> advise failure;

List of Database Failures
=========================

Failure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary
---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------
402        CRITICAL OPEN      28-NOV-22     System datafile 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf' is missing

analyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
analyzing automatic repair options complete

Mandatory Manual Actions
========================
no manual actions available

Optional Manual Actions
=======================
1. If file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it

Automated Repair Options
========================
Option Repair Description
------ ------------------
1      Restore and recover datafile 1
  Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss
  Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/prod/PROD/hm/reco_1593912594.hm

#执行脚本
RMAN> @/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/prod/PROD/hm/reco_1593912594.hm

RMAN>    # restore and recover datafile
2>    restore datafile 1;
Starting restore at 28-NOV-22
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/db_PROD_20221128_0g1dtvc1_1_1.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/db_PROD_20221128_0g1dtvc1_1_1.bak tag=TAG20221128T014225
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished restore at 28-NOV-22

RMAN>    recover datafile 1;
Starting recover at 28-NOV-22
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 28-NOV-22

RMAN>    sql 'alter database datafile 1 online';
sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online

RMAN> **end-of-file**
完成

验证

#正常开库
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.