struts增删改查以及错误

课程目标
利用struts完成增删改查

思路：
	1、导入相关的pom依赖（struts、自定义标签库的依赖）
	2、分页的tag类导入、z.tld、完成web.xml的配置
	3、dao层去访问数据
	4、web层去调用dao层给前台返回数据
	5、在struts_sy.xml进行配置
	6、写jsp

1、导入相关的pom依赖（struts、自定义标签库的依赖）

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.wxm</groupId>
  <artifactId>struts</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>struts Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
     
  <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.44</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
    <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.16</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 5.3、jstl、standard -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
			<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 5.4、tomcat-jsp-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
			<artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>8.0.47</version>
		</dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>struts</finalName>
    <plugins>
    <plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.7.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>

    
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

本地jar仓库里有

upload Project一下更新项目
注意 前提是maven环境搭建要到位点击查看maven环境搭建
运行pom.xml后效果一定要是阿里的

2、分页的tag类导入、xxx.tld、完成web.xml的配置

pageTag.class

package com.wxm.crud.tag;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;

import com.wxm.crud.util.PageBean;


public class PageTag extends BodyTagSupport {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 8003507841172246203L;

	private PageBean pageBean;

	public PageTag() {
		super();
	}

	public PageBean getPageBean() {
		return pageBean;
	}

	public void setPageBean(PageBean pageBean) {
		this.pageBean = pageBean;
	}

	@Override
	public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
		try {
			JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
			out.println(this.toHtml());
			return SKIP_BODY;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}

	private String toHtml() {
		StringBuffer bf = new StringBuffer();
		if (null == pageBean || !pageBean.isPagination()) {
			return bf.toString();
		}

		// 1. 生成表单
		bf.append("<form id='pageBeanForm' action='" + pageBean.getUrl() + "' method='post'>");
		bf.append("<input type='hidden' name='page' value=''>");
		for (Map.Entry<String, String[]> entry : pageBean.getParameterMap().entrySet()) {
			String name = entry.getKey();
			String[] values = entry.getValue();
			if ("page".equals(name)) {
				continue;
			}

			for (String value : values) {
				bf.append("<input type='hidden' name='" + name + "' value='" + value + "'>");
			}
		}
		bf.append("</form>");

		// 2. 生成按钮
		bf.append("<div style='text-align: right;font-size: 12px;'>每页" + pageBean.getRows() + "条，共"
				+ pageBean.getTotal() + "条，当前第" + pageBean.getPage() + "页，共" + pageBean.getMaxPage()
				+ "页&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doGotoPage(1)'>首&nbsp;&nbsp;页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doGotoPage("
				+ pageBean.getPreviousPage() + ")'>上一页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doGotoPage("
				+ pageBean.getNextPage() + ")'>下一页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doGotoPage("
				+ pageBean.getMaxPage()
				+ ")'>尾&nbsp;&nbsp;页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<input id='pageNumber' type='text' style='text-align: center;width: 30px;'>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doSkipPage();'>GO</a></div>");

		// 3. 动态生成js
		bf.append("<script type='text/javascript'>");
		bf.append("function doGotoPage(page){");
		bf.append("  var form = document.getElementById('pageBeanForm');");
		bf.append("  form.page.value = page;");
		bf.append("  form.submit();");
		bf.append("}");
		bf.append("function doSkipPage(page){");
		bf.append("  var page = document.getElementById('pageNumber').value;");
		bf.append("  if(!page||isNaN(page)||parseInt(page)<1||parseInt(page)>"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"){");
		bf.append("    alert('页码必须为1~"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"之间数字');");
		bf.append("    document.getElementById('pageNumber').value = '';");
		bf.append("    return;");
		bf.append("  }");
		bf.append("  doGotoPage(parseInt(page));");
		bf.append("}");
		bf.append("</script>");
		bf.append("");
		bf.append("");
		bf.append("");  
		bf.append("");
		bf.append("");
		return bf.toString();
	}
}

wxm.tld

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
    version="2.0">
    
  <description>wxm 1.1 core library</description>
  <display-name>wxm core</display-name>
  <tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version><!-- 标签库的版本号 -->
  <short-name>c</short-name><!-- 标签库的简称 -->
  <uri>/wxm</uri><!--你标签库引用的uri  -->

  
  <tag>
    <!--填写的是标签库中的标签名  -->
    <name>page</name>
    <!--标签对应的后台助手类  -->
    <tag-class>com.wxm.crud.tag.PageTag</tag-class>
     <!--标签类别  -->
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
     <!-- 自定义标签中的属性 -->
        <name>pageBean</name>
         <!--属性值是否必填 -->
        <required>true</required>
         <!--是否支持El/ognl表达式  -->
        <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
  </tag>
 
 

</taglib>

web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">


  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.wxm.crud.util.EncodingFiter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

3、dao层去访问数据

package com.wxm.crud.util;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
 * 利用oop思想进行增强的一个通用查询分页类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 * @param <T>
 */
public class BaseDao<T> {

	/**
	 * 
	 * @param sql 	不同的实体类，对应的sql语句不同，所以需要传递
	 * @param clz	生产出不同的实体类对应的实例，然后装进list容器中返回
	 * @param pageBean	决定是否分页
	 * @return
	 * @throws SQLException
	 * @throws IllegalAccessException 
	 * @throws InstantiationException 
	 */
	public List<T> executeQuery(String sql,Class clz,PageBean pageBean) throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{
		Connection con = DBAccess.getConnection();
		PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);
		ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
		List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();
		T t;
		while(rs.next()) {
			/*
			 * 1、实例化一个book对象（该对象是空的）
			 * 2、取book的所有属性，然后给其赋值
			 * 3、赋完值的book对象装进list集合中
			 */
//			list.add(new Book(rs.getInt("bid"),rs.getString("bname"),rs.getFloat("price")));
			
			t = (T) clz.newInstance();
			Field[] fields = clz.getDeclaredFields();
			for (Field field : fields) {
				field.setAccessible(true);
				field.set(t, rs.getObject(field.getName()));
			}
			list.add(t);
		}
		DBAccess.close(con, ps, rs);
		
		return list;
	}
	/**
	 * 拼装分页的sql语句
	 * @param sql
	 * @param PageBean
	 * @return
	 */
	private String getPageSql(String sql, PageBean pageBean) {
		int page = pageBean.getPage();
		int rows = pageBean.getRows();
		int startIndex = (page - 1) * rows;
		return pageBean.isPagination() ? (sql + " limit "+ startIndex +"," + rows) : sql;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取符合记录数的sql语句
	 * @param sql
	 * @return
	 */
	private String getCountSql(String sql) {
		return "select count(*) from ("+ sql +") t;";
	}


	/**
	 * 
	 * @param sql 决定增删改一种
	 * @param attrs 决定？的位置 new String[]{bname","price","bid"}
	 * @param t 要操作的实体类
	 * @return
	 * @throws SQLException 
	 * @throws SecurityException 
	 * @throws NoSuchFieldException 
	 * @throws IllegalAccessException 
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException 
	 */
	public int executeUpdate(String sql, String[] attrs ,T t) throws SQLException, NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException{
		Connection con = DBAccess.getConnection();
		PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
		for (int i = 1; i <= attrs.length; i++) {
			//
		System.out.println("attrs[i-1]="+attrs[i-1]);
		
			Field field = t.getClass().getDeclaredField(attrs[i-1]);
			field.setAccessible(true);
//			System.out.println("t.getClass().getDeclaredField="+t.getClass().getDeclaredField("bname"));
			pst.setObject(i, field.get(t));
		}
		int num = pst.executeUpdate();
		DBAccess.close(con, pst, null);
		return num;
	}
}

clzDao.class

package com.wxm.crud.dao;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import com.wxm.crud.entity.Clazz;
import com.wxm.crud.util.BaseDao;
import com.wxm.crud.util.PageBean;
import com.wxm.crud.util.StringUtils;

public class ClazDao extends BaseDao<Clazz>{
	/**
	  * 班级信息列表查询
	  * @param clazz
	  * @param pageBean
	  * @return
	  * @throws InstantiationException
	  * @throws IllegalAccessException
	  * @throws SQLException
	  */
		public List<Clazz> list(Clazz clazz,PageBean pageBean) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
			String sql="select * from t_struts_class where true";
			String cname=clazz.getCname();
			int cid=clazz.getCid();
			if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(cname) ) {
				sql+=" and  cname like '%"+cname+"%'";
			}
			if(cid!=0) {
				sql+=" where cid ="+cid;
			}
			return super.executeQuery(sql, Clazz.class, pageBean);
			
		} 
		/**
		 * 班级信息增加
		 * @param clz
		 * @return
		 * @throws NoSuchFieldException
		 * @throws SecurityException
		 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
		 * @throws IllegalAccessException
		 * @throws SQLException
		 */
		public int add(Clazz clz) throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
			String sql=" insert into t_struts_class values(?,?,?,?)";
			return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cid","cname","cteacher","pic"}, clz);
			
		}
		/**
		 * 班级信息删除
		 * @param clz
		 * @return
		 * @throws NoSuchFieldException
		 * @throws SecurityException
		 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
		 * @throws IllegalAccessException
		 * @throws SQLException
		 */
		public int del(Clazz clz) throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
			String sql=" delete t_struts_class where cid=?";
			return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cid"}, clz);
			
		}
		/**
		 * 班级信息修改
		 * @param clz
		 * @return
		 * @throws NoSuchFieldException
		 * @throws SecurityException
		 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
		 * @throws IllegalAccessException
		 * @throws SQLException
		 */
		public int edit(Clazz clz) throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
			String sql=" udpate t_struts_class set cname=?,cteacher=?,pic=? where cid=?";
			return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cname","cteacher","pic","cid"}, clz);
			
		}
}

4、web层去调用dao层给前台返回数据

定义baseAction，存放结果码常量，请求、响应、上下文、公用的传值

BaseAction

package com.wxm.crud.web;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;

/**
 * 每一个开发的子控制器要用的属性都定义在通用的action中。
 * @author Administrator
 * 
 */
public class BaseAction implements ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware{
	/**
	 * 为了传值使用
	 */
	protected HttpServletResponse response;
	protected HttpServletRequest request;
	protected HttpSession session;
	protected ServletContext application;
	
	/**
	 * 为了配置跳转页面所用
	 */
	protected final static String SUCCESS = "success";
	protected final static String FAIL = "fail";
	protected final static String LIST = "list";
	protected final static String ADD = "add";
	protected final static String EDIT = "edit";
	protected final static String DETAIL = "detail";
	
	/**
	 * 具体传值字段	后端向jsp页面传值所用字段
	 */
	protected Object result;
	protected Object msg;
	protected int code;

	public Object getResult() {
		return result;
	}

	public Object getMsg() {
		return msg;
	}

	public int getCode() {
		return code;
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse arg0) {
		this.response = arg0;
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0) {
		this.request = arg0;
		this.session = arg0.getSession();
		this.application = arg0.getServletContext();
	}
	

}

ClazAction.action

package com.wxm.crud.web;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.wxm.crud.dao.ClazDao;
import com.wxm.crud.entity.Clazz;
import com.wxm.crud.util.PageBean;

public class ClazAction extends BaseAction implements ModelDriven<Clazz>{
private ClazDao clzDao=new ClazDao();
private Clazz clz=new Clazz();

/**
 * 查询班级列表的方法
 * @return
 */
public String list() {
// PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
// pageBean.setRequest(request); 
 try {
  this.result=clzDao.list(clz, /*pageBean*/null);
//  request.setAttribute("pageBean", pageBean);
 } catch (Exception e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
 }
 return null;
}
  /**
   * 增加/编辑班级
   * @return
   * @throws InstantiationException
   * @throws IllegalAccessException
   * @throws SQLException
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException 
 * @throws SecurityException 
 * @throws NoSuchFieldException 
   */
  public  String preSave() throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException, NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException {
	  //跳转编辑页面在于是否有cid到后台查询
	  int cid=clz.getCid();
	  if(cid!=0) {
		this.result=  clzDao.list(clz, null).get(0);
	  }
	 
	return "preSave";
  } 
  
  public  String add() throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
	 try {
		this.code= clzDao.add(clz);
	} catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return "toList";
  }
  
  public  String edit() throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
	  try {
			this.code= clzDao.edit(clz);
		} catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "toList";
  }
  public  String del() throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
	  try {
			this.code= clzDao.del(clz);
		} catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "toList";
  }  
	@Override
	public Clazz getModel() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return clz;
	}

}

5、在struts_sy.xml进行配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
		<action name="/clz_*" class="com.wxm.crud.web.ClazAction"
			method="{1}">
			<result name="list">/clzList.jsp</result>
			<result name="preSave">/clzEdit.jsp</result>
			<result name="toList" type="redirectAction">/clz_list.action</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

6、写jsp

web.xml

chain：Action链式处理的结果类型，也就是将结果转发到这个action中。
redirect：实际上dispatcher和redirect的区别就是在于转发和重定向的区别。
redirectAction：用于直接redirectaction。

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">


  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.wxm.crud.util.EncodingFiter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

clzEdit.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@taglib uri="/wxm" prefix="m" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>编辑页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}${result.cname == null ? '/sy/clz_add.action' : '/sy/clz_edit.action'}" method="post">
cid : <input type="text" value="${result.cid}" name="cid"><br>
cname : <input type="text" value="${result.cname}" name="cname"><br>
cteacher : <input type="text" value="${result.cteacher}" name="cteacher"><br>

pic:<input type="hidden" value="${result.cteacher}">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

clzList.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
    <%@taglib uri="/wxm"  prefix="m"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>小说目录</h2>
	<br>

	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_list.action"
		method="post">
		书名：<input type="text" name="cname"> <input type="submit"
			value="确定">
<!-- 			<input type="hidden" name="pagination" value="false"> -->
<!-- 			<input type="hidden" name="rows" value="20"> -->
	</form>
	<!-- /book.action?methodName=preSave转向后台 -->
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action">增加</a>
	<table border="1" width="100%">
		<tr>
			<td>编号</td>
			<td>名称</td>
			<td>价格</td>
			<td>图片</td>
			<td>操作</td>
		</tr>
		<c:forEach items="${result }" var="c">
			<tr>
				<td>${c.cid }</td>
				<td>${c.cname }</td>
				<td>${c.cteacher }</td>
				<td>${c.pic }</td>
				<td>
					<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action?cid=${c.cid}">修改</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
					<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_del.action?cid=${c.cid}">删除</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
				</td>
			</tr>
		</c:forEach>
	</table>
<%--  <m:page pageBean="${pageBean}"></m:page>   --%>

</body>
</html>