springcloud入门

目标(学习两个微服务之间的交流与中间商Eureka服务注册中心)

1、springcloud简介

Spring Cloud是一系列框架的有序集合。它利用Spring Boot的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施
的开发，如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等，都可以用Spring Boot的开发
风格做到一键启动和部署。Spring Cloud并没有重复制造轮子，它只是将目前各家公司开发的比较成熟、经得起
实际考验的服务框架组合起来，通过Spring Boot风格进行再封装屏蔽掉了复杂的配置和实现原理，最终给开发者
留出了一套简单易懂、易部署和易维护的分布式系统开发工具包。

原有的单体项目最终会被演化成下面

这样的架构解决了单体项目几点问题：
1、zuul网关解决了服务调用安全性的问题
2、服务注册与发现（注册中心）eureka解决了各层服务耦合问题，它是微服务架构的核心，有它才能将单体项目拆解成微服务架构
3、Eureka集群解决了微服务中，注册中心宕机产生的问题

入门案例

父工程microservice

微服务架构（先创建父工程，父工程是Maven项目，子工程是springboot项目）

创建好项目后调下环境


microservice01 pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.wxm</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud01</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <druid.version>1.1.10</druid.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>Edgware.SR4</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!--  连接池  -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>${
   druid.version}</version>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>
</project>

创建springboot子工程通用模块microservice-common

pom依赖（对父工程进行了处理）
microservice-common pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.wxm</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud01</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>microservice-common</artifactId>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

启动类设置只读不写使用注解

@SpringBootApplication(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class})

package com.wxm.microservicecommon;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration;

@SpringBootApplication(exclude={
   DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class})
public class MicroserviceCommonApplication {
   

    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceCommonApplication.class, args);
    }

}

Student

package com.wxm.microservicecommon.entity;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Entity
@Table(name="t_springcloud_student")
public class Student implements Serializable {
   
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer id;
     
    @Column(length=50)
    private String name;
     
    @Column(length=50)
    private String grade;
     
    public Integer getId() {
   
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
   
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
   
        return name