一.入门jQuery
1.什么是jQuery
它是一个轻量级的javascript类库
就是一个类“jQuery”,简写“$”
2.jQuery优点
2.1 总是面向集合
2.2 多行操作集于一行
3. hello jQuery
3.1 导入js库(<script type="text/javascript" src=""></script>)
3.2 $(fn)做为程序入口
代码演示
(官网下载)导入jar包
导入js库
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
案例1:(fn)、(document).ready(fn)与window.onload的区别?主要项目维护的时候用
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<!-- src:全路径名的好处,更改时不会出错-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
/* jquery入门程序 */
/*$(fn)、$(document).read(fn)与window.onload的区别 */
$(function(){
alert("hello jquery1");
})
$(document).ready(function(){
alert("hello jquery2");
})
window.onload = function(){
alert("hello jquery3");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
问:先后顺序
答:jquery1快于jquery2快于jquery3
<script type="text/javascript">
/* jquery入门程序 */
/*$(fn)、$(document).read(fn)与window.onload的区别 */
window.onload = function(){
alert("hello jquery3");
}
$(document).ready(function(){
alert("hello jquery2");
})
$(function(){
alert("hello jquery1");
})
</script>
问:先后顺序
结果:2>1>3
结论:1. ( f n ) 、 (fn)、 (fn)、(document).read(fn)是等价的,哪个代码在前面就哪个先执行,jsp的dom树结构加载完毕即刻调用方法,
window.onload最后执行
2. jsp的dom树加载完,css,js等静态资源加载完毕执行
4. jQuery三种工厂方法 (Demo2.jsp)
-
4.1. 常见的 选择器:
css选择器
标签选择器
ID选择器
类选择器包含选择器:E1 E2
组合选择器:E1,E2,E3自定义选择器::exp
-
jQuery类
package com.wxm;
/**
*
* 4. jQuery三种工厂方法 (demo2.jsp)
* @author 2019071003
*
*/
public class JQuery {
public final static int xxx = 33;
public int aaa = 33;
public static void bbb() {
}
public void ccc() {
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
}
- demo2:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function (){
//利用a标签jquery实例
$("a").click(function(){
alert("点开了");
});
})
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>
<a id="a1" class="c1" href="#">点我1</a>
</p>
<p>
<a id="a2" class="c2" href="#">点我2</a>
</p>
<p>
<a id="a3" class="c3" href="#">点我3</a>
</p>
<div>
<a id="a4" class="c1" href="#">点我4</a>
</div>
<div>
<p>
<a id="a5" class="c1" href="#">点我5</a>
</p>
</div>
<span>点我</span>
</body>
</html>
运行结果
jquery好处:代码缩减了
代码演示
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function (){
//利用a标签jquery实例
/* $("a").click(function(){
alert("点开了");
}); */
//利用id=a3获取jquery实例(**id选择器**)
/* $("#a3").click(function(){
alert("点开了");
}); */
//class=c1类选择器
/* $(".c1").click(function(){
alert("点开了类选择器");
}) */
//包含选择器(p里面包含a)
/* $("p a").click(function(){
alert("点开了包含选择器");
}) */
//组合选择器 (可以不同加入多个事件)
/* $("a,span").click(function(){
alert("点开了组合选择器");
}) */
})
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>
<a id="a1" class="c1" href="#">点我1</a>
</p>
<p>
<a id="a2" class="c2" href="#">点我2</a>
</p>
<p>
<a id="a3" class="c3" href="#">点我3</a>
</p>
<div>
<a id="a4" class="c1" href="#">点我4</a>
</div>
<div>
<p>
<a id="a5" class="c1" href="#">点我5</a>
</p>
</div>
<span>点我</span>
</body>
</html>
如果要在div容器里面的a标签加入事件
- 4.2 jQuery(html) (demo3.jsp)
**作用(用途):js对象与html的相互转换**
html:基于html的一个字符串
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<!-- src:全路径名的好处,更改时不会出错-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
//自定义选择器
$(":input[name='name1']").click(function(){
//在id=selId1的select的JQuery实例追加"<option value='1'>湖南省</option>"
$("#selId1").append("<option value='1'>湖南省</option>");
});
$(":input[name='name1']").click(function(){
//将"<option value='1'>长沙</option>"的html jquery实例追加到id=selId2的select标签jquery实例中
// $("#selId2").append("<option value='1'>长沙</option>");
$("<option value='1'>长沙</option>").appendTo("#selId2");
});
})
</script>
</head>
<body>
<select id="selId1">
<option value="-1">---请选择---</option>
</select>
<select id="selId2">
<option value="-1">---请选择---</option>
</select>
<input name="name1" value="add1" type="button">
<input name="name2" value="add2" type="button">
<input type="hidden" id="h1" value="h1">
<input type="hidden" id="h2" value="h2">
<input type="hidden" id="h3" value="h3">
</body>
</html>
相当于
public Jquery(int html) {
super();
this.aaa = html;
}
重点
- 4.3 jQuery(element) (demo3.jsp)
element:js对象,表示一个html元素对象
**作用(用途):js对象与jquery对象的相互转换**
注意:$就是jQuery简写
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<!-- src:全路径名的好处,更改时不会出错-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
//自定义选择器
$(":input[name='name1']").click(function(){
//在id=selId1的select的JQuery实例追加"<option value='1'>湖南省</option>"
$("#selId1").append("<option value='1'>湖南省</option>");
});
$(":input[name='name1']").click(function(){
//将"<option value='1'>长沙</option>"的html jquery实例追加到id=selId2的select标签jquery实例中
// $("#selId2").append("<option value='1'>长沙</option>");
$("<option value='1'>长沙</option>").appendTo("#selId2");
/* var $h1= $("#h1");
alert($h1.val());
//jQuery对象转js对象
var h1Node = $h1.get(0);//第一种:js对象看成一个集合
var h1Node = $h1[0];//第二种:js对象看成一个数组
alert(h1Node.value); */
var h2Node =document.getElementById("h2");
// alert(h2Node.value);
//注意在开发中分清楚是js对象还是jquery对象
//js对象转jQuery对象
var $h2Node=$(h2Node);
alert($h2Node.val());
});
})
</script>
</head>
<body>
<select id="selId1">
<option value="-1">---请选择---</option>
</select>
<select id="selId2">
<option value="-1">---请选择---</option>
</select>
<input name="name1" value="add1" type="button">
<input name="name2" value="add2" type="button">
<input type="hidden" id="h1" value="h1">
<input type="hidden" id="h2" value="h2">
<input type="hidden" id="h3" value="h3">
</body>
</html>
点击add1会弹框提示好,h1,h2,h2
5. jQuery程序的入口
$(document).ready(fn)
$(fn);
6. this指针的作用
- 6.1 事件源(获取当前按钮的按钮值)
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function (){
$(":input").click(function(){
alert(this.value);
});
})
</script>
- 6.2 当前元素(点击按钮,获取所有a标签的值)
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function (){
$(":input").click(function(){
alert(this.value);
//获取所有的a标签
$("a").each(function(){
//指是的当前元素
alert($(this).html());
});
//获取所有的a标签,加上参数
$("a").each(function(index,item){
//指是的当前元素
alert(index+","+$(this).html()+","+$(item).html());
});
});
})
</script>
7、使用jquery动态给table添加样式在这里插入代码片
核心代码
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$("table tr:eq(0)").addClass("yello");
$("table tr:gt(0)").addClass("red");//大于0hang
})
</script>
二.jQuery插件
1. 插件机制简介
往jquery类库里面去扩展方法,这类方法就是jquery插件
2. json的三种格式
- 2.1 对象
var jsonObj1={
sid:"s001",
snanme:'zhangsan'
}
- 2.2 列表/数组
var jsonArray1=[1,3,4,7];
- 2.3 混合模式
var jsons={id:3,hobby:['a','b','c']};
代码演示
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
//json对象的字符串体现形式
var jsonObj1={
sid:"s001",
snanme:'zhangsan'
}
console.log(jsonObj1);
//json数组的字符串体现形式
var jsonArray1=[1,3,4,7];
console.log(jsonArray1);
//json混合模式的字符串体现模式
var jsons={id:3,hobby:['a','b','c']};
console.log(jsons);
})
</script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
3. 插件基础:$ .extend和$.fn.extend
- 2.1 $ .extend对象的扩展(或继承)
$.extend(obj1,obj2,obj3[,…])
$.extend(obj1,obj2)
$ .extend(obj1)/$.method=function(options){…};
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
//json对象的字符串体现形式
var jsonObj1={
sid:"s001",
snanme:'zhangsan'
}
console.log(jsonObj1);
//json数组的字符串体现形式
var jsonArray1=[1,3,4,7];
console.log(jsonArray1);
//json混合模式的字符串体现模式
var jsons={id:3,hobby:['a','b','c']};
console.log(jsons);
var jsonObj3={
sid:'s002',
sname:'list',
hobby:['a','b','c']
};
//$.extends是用来扩展Jquery类属性或者方法所用
var jsonObj2={};
//用后面的对象扩充第一个对象
//$.extend(jsonObj2,jsonObj1);
//讲解值覆盖的问题,之前已经扩充的属性值会被后面的对象所覆盖,如果后面对象有新的属性,会继续扩充
//还能对个扩充1和扩充2
$.extend(jsonObj2,jsonObj1,jsonObj3);
console.log(jsonObj1);
})
</script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
- 2.2 $.fn.extend
. f n . e x t e n d ( o b j 1 ) / / .fn.extend(obj1)// .fn.extend(obj1)//.fn.method=function(options){…};
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$.extend({
hello:function(){
alert("来了");
}
});
$.hello();
//$.fn.extend是用来扩充jquery实例的属性或者方法所用
$.fn.extend({
sayHello:function(){
alert("想你");
}
});
$("#pink").sayHello();
alert("pink");
})
</script>
测试
总结:最常用的类方法拓展的比较少,一般类属性拓展比较多,实例方法
关于类的用的属性,关于实例用的是方法
4. jQuery插件的添加
其实就是给jQuery添加新的实例方法或类方法,然后将功能封闭在其中
5. jQuery插件开发实例
- 5.1 命名
jquery.xxx.js - 5.2 扩展实例方法
- 5.3 如何面向集合
- 5.4 如何多行集于一行
- 5.5 命名参数的写法
$.extend(defaults,options);
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
.over{
background: #ff66ff;
}
.out{
background: #ffff66;
}
.head{
background: #ff3333;
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$("table").each(function(){
//给默认值
$("tr:eq(0)",this).addClass("head");
$("tr:gt(0)",this).addClass("out");
//添加动态效果
$("tr:gt(0)",this).hover(function(){
$(this).removeClass().addClass('over');
},function(){
$(this).removeClass().addClass('out');
});
});
})
</script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>书名</td>
<td>作者</td>
<td>点击量</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>圣墟</td>
<td>辰东</td>
<td>10万</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>飞剑问道</td>
<td>我吃西红柿</td>
<td>11万</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>杀神</td>
<td>逆苍天</td>
<td>22万</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>龙王传说</td>
<td>唐家三少</td>
<td>18万</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>斗破苍穹</td>
<td>天蚕拖豆</td>
<td>1万</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
需求:客户要求变颜色:
如何简化代码
定义插件
创建文件
jquery.table.css样式
@charset "UTF-8";
.fen {
background: #ff66ff;
}
.yellow {
background: #ffff66;
}
.red {
background: #ff3333;
}
.blue {
background: #9999ff;
}
.green {
background: #bbff99;
}
.hui {
background: #d6d6c2;
}
jquery.table.js写插件
代码如下
$(function(){
var defaults = {
head : 'fen',
out : 'yellow',
over : 'red'
}
$.fn.extend({
//使用return的原因是让该实例方法支持链编程,好比stringbuffer
bgColor:function(option){
$.extend(defaults,option);
//这里的this指的是插件本身,可以看成一个jquery实例。
return this.each(function(){
//this指的是当前元素
$("tr:eq(0)",this).addClass(defaults.head);
$("tr:gt(0)",this).addClass(defaults.out);
//添加动态效果
$("tr:gt(0)",this).hover(function(){
$(this).removeClass().addClass(defaults.over);
},function(){
$(this).removeClass().addClass(defaults.out);
});
});
}
});
})
引入这两个外部文件
<!--引入css -->
<link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/jquery/table/css/jquery.table.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<!-- 引入js -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/jquery/table/js/jquery.table.js"></script>
代码演示
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<!--引入css -->
<link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/jquery/table/css/jquery.table.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<!-- 引入js -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/jquery/table/js/jquery.table.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$("table").bgColor({
head:"blue",
out:"green",
over:"hui"
});
})
</script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>书名</td>
<td>作者</td>
<td>点击量</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>圣墟</td>
<td>辰东</td>
<td>10万</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>飞剑问道</td>
<td>我吃西红柿</td>
<td>11万</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>杀神</td>
<td>逆苍天</td>
<td>22万</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>龙王传说</td>
<td>唐家三少</td>
<td>18万</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>斗破苍穹</td>
<td>天蚕拖豆</td>
<td>1万</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
效果
解决:当客户需要更改颜色时,只需要该改如下
架构优化
创建文件:
抽取头部文件
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE>
<link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/jquery/table/css/jquery.table.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/jquery/table/js/jquery.table.js"></script>
通过jsp指令来引入
如图:
三.ajax
1. jackson
Jackson是一个简单基于Java应用库,Jackson可以轻松的将Java对象转换成json对象
和xml文档,同样也可以将json、xml转换成Java对象
Teacher
package com.wxm;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Teacher {
private String tid;
private String sname;
private Set<Student> stus = new HashSet<>();
public String getTid() {
return tid;
}
public void setTid(String tid) {
this.tid = tid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public Set<Student> getStus() {
return stus;
}
public void setStus(Set<Student> stus) {
this.stus = stus;
}
public Teacher(String tid, String sname, Set<Student> stus) {
super();
this.tid = tid;
this.sname = sname;
this.stus = stus;
}
public Teacher() {
super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Teacher [tid=" + tid + ", sname=" + sname + ", stus=" + stus + "]";
}
}
Student
package com.wxm;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Student {
private String sid;
private String sname;
private Set<Teacher> teas = new HashSet<>();
public String getSid() {
return sid;
}
public void setSid(String sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public Set<Teacher> getTeas() {
return teas;
}
public void setTeas(Set<Teacher> teas) {
this.teas = teas;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public Student(String sid, String sname) {
super();
this.sid = sid;
this.sname = sname;
}
public Student(String sid, String sname, Set<Teacher> teas) {
super();
this.sid = sid;
this.sname = sname;
this.teas = teas;
}
public Student() {
super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", teas=" + teas + "]";
}
}
demo
package com.wxm;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
/**
* 后台json的三种格式的体现形式
* @author 2019071003
*
*/
public class Demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws JsonProcessingException {
//json对象
Student stu1=new Student("s001", "小明");
ObjectMapper om=new ObjectMapper();
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(stu1));
//json数组
Student stu2=new Student("s002","小白");
List<Student> list1=new ArrayList<>();
list1.add(stu1);
list1.add(stu2);
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(list1));
//json混合形式
Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("total", 2);
map.put("stus", list1);
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(map));
}
}
json基础,后台版的json格式,用jquery把这种形式传入到前台显示
2. jackson将java–>json
- 2.1 JavaBean/Map
{} - 2.2 数组/List/Set
[] - 2.3 类里嵌类
混合模式
代码演示对比
package com.wxm;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
/**
* 后台json的三种格式的体现形式
* @author 2019071003
*
*/
public class Demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws JsonProcessingException {
//json对象
Student stu1=new Student("s001", "小明");
ObjectMapper om=new ObjectMapper();
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(stu1));
//json数组
Student stu2=new Student("s002","小白");
List<Student> list1=new ArrayList<>();
list1.add(stu1);
list1.add(stu2);
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(list1));
//json混合形式
Map<String, Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("total", 2);
map.put("stus", list1);
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(map));
}
}
package com.wxm;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.mysql.fabric.xmlrpc.base.Array;
/**
* javaBean(实体类)与Map集合转换成json字符串格式是一样的
* @author 2019071003
*
*/
public class Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws JsonProcessingException {
Map<String, Object> stu1=new HashMap<String, Object>();
stu1.put("sid","s001");
stu1.put("sname", "小明");
ObjectMapper om=new ObjectMapper();
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(stu1));
//{"sid":"s001","sname":"小明"}
Map<String,Object> stu2=new HashMap<String,Object>();
stu2.put("sid","s002");
stu2.put("sname","小可爱");
List<Map<String, Object>> list1=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
list1.add(stu1);
list1.add(stu2);
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(list1));
// [{"sname":"小明","sid":"s001"},{"sname":"小可爱","sid":"s002"}]
}
}
结果和上面1的一样,map是无序
3. java->json死循环
@JsonIgnore/程序控制
代码演示
学生和老师是多对多的关系,用如下类描写
- Student
- Teacher这两个实体类前面提到了
package com.wxm;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
public class Demo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws JsonProcessingException {
Student stu1=new Student("s001","小猪");
Student stu2=new Student("s002","小熊");
Teacher tea1=new Teacher("t001", "李宁", null);
Teacher tea2=new Teacher("t002", "刘翔", null);
Set<Teacher> teas=new HashSet<>();
teas.add(tea1);
teas.add(tea2);
stu1.setTeas(teas);
Set<Student> stus=new HashSet<>();
stus.add(stu1);
stus.add(stu2);
tea1.setStus(stus);
ObjectMapper om=new ObjectMapper();
System.out.println(om.writeValueAsString(stu1));
}
}
- 异常解决
名词解释:StackOverflowError:栈溢出错误
程序详解:
彼此之间相互调用
因为Teachers是属于list的,把大范围的对象放到子范围的对象中,明显是一个死递归,栈满了
解决:
json死循环问题
- 由双向绑定改成单向绑定,也就是说将彼此之间的关系交于一方维护
- @JsonIgnore:将彼此循环调用的属性忽略,不参与对象转成json格式
去Teacher加上如下:
@JsonIgnore
再重新运行一次
运行结果:
4. $.ajax实现省市联动
利用map集合存储数据,然后利用把数据以json格式传入前台,然后jsp页面利用ajax接收,转译Json格式,然后给市和县添加change事件
- BaseDao
package com.wxm.dao;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.wxm.util.DBAccess;
import com.wxm.util.PageBean;
/**
* 通用的查询方法 23中设计模式的策略模式
* 作用:在方法或类中已经完成了对应的功能,然后在调用方法去根据你的需求
* <T>代表你要对那个实体类对应分页查询
* @author 2019071003
*
*/
public class BaseDao<T> {
// $.ajax
protected interface Callback<T> {
public List<T> foreach(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException;
}
public List<T> executeQuery(String sql, PageBean pageBean, Callback<T> callback)
throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
if (pageBean != null && pageBean.isPagination()) {
Connection con = DBAccess.getConnection();
String countSql = getCountSql(sql);
PreparedStatement countPst = con.prepareStatement(countSql);
ResultSet countRs = countPst.executeQuery();
if (countRs.next()) {
pageBean.setTotal(countRs.getObject(1).toString());
}
DBAccess.close(null, countPst, countRs);
String pageSql = getPageSql(sql, pageBean);
PreparedStatement pagePst = con.prepareStatement(pageSql);
ResultSet pageRs = pagePst.executeQuery();
return callback.foreach(pageRs);
} else {
Connection con = DBAccess.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(sql);
ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();
return callback.foreach(rs);
}
}
/**
* 将原生态的sql语句转换成查对应的当页记录数sql语句
*
* @param sql
* @param pageBean
* @return
*/
private String getPageSql(String sql, PageBean pageBean) {
return sql + " limit " + pageBean.getStartIndex() + "," + pageBean.getRows();
}
/**
* 将原生态的sql语句转换成查总记录输的sql语句
*
* @param sql
* @return
*/
private String getCountSql(String sql) {
return "select count(1) from (" + sql + " ) t";
}
}
- RegionDao
package com.wxm.dao;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.wxm.util.JsonUtils;
import com.wxm.util.PageBean;
import com.wxm.util.StringUtils;
public class RegionDao extends JsonBaseDao {
public List<Map<String, Object>> list(Map<String,String[]> paramMap,PageBean pageBean) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException{
String id = JsonUtils.getParamVal(paramMap, "ID");
String sql = "select * from ch_region where true";
if(StringUtils.isBlank(id)) {
sql += " and parent_id=7459";
}else {
sql += " and parent_id="+id;
}
return super.executeQuery(sql, pageBean);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map<String,String[]> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
paramMap.put("ID", new String[] {"9504"});
RegionDao regionDao = new RegionDao();
try {
List<Map<String, Object>> list = regionDao.list(paramMap, null);
System.out.println(list);
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
JsonBaseDao
package com.wxm.dao;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.wxm.util.PageBean;
import javafx.util.Callback;
public class JsonBaseDao extends BaseDao<Map<String, Object>>{
public List<Map<String,Object>> executeQuery(String sql, PageBean pageBean) throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{
return super.executeQuery(sql, pageBean, new Callback<Map<String,Object>>() {
@Override
public List<Map<String,Object>> foreach(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
/*
* 1、创建一个实体类的实例
* 2、给创建的实例属性赋值
* 3、将添加完类容的实体类添加到list集合中
*/
// list.add(new Book(rs.getInt(“bid”), rs.getString(“bname”), rs.getFloat(“price”)));
List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<>();
// 获取源数据
ResultSetMetaData md = rs.getMetaData();
int count = md.getColumnCount();
Map<String,Object> map = null;
while(rs.next()) {
map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++) {
map.put(md.getColumnName(i), rs.getObject(i));
}
list.add(map);
}
return list;
}
});
}
}
准备工具
注意到mysql的连接包
DBAccess 连接数据库mysql
package com.wxm.util;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* 提供了一组获得或关闭数据库对象的方法
*
*/
public class DBAccess {
private static String driver;
private static String url;
private static String user;
private static String password;
static {// 静态块执行一次,加载 驱动一次
try {
InputStream is = DBAccess.class
.getResourceAsStream("config.properties");
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(is);
driver = properties.getProperty("driver");
url = properties.getProperty("url");
user = properties.getProperty("user");
password = properties.getProperty("pwd");
Class.forName(driver);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 获得数据连接对象
*
* @return
*/
public static Connection getConnection() {
try {
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
return conn;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public static void close(ResultSet rs) {
if (null != rs) {
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
public static void close(Statement stmt) {
if (null != stmt) {
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
public static void close(Connection conn) {
if (null != conn) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
public static void close(Connection conn, Statement stmt, ResultSet rs) {
close(rs);
close(stmt);
close(conn);
}
public static boolean isOracle() {
return "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver".equals(driver);
}
public static boolean isSQLServer() {
return "com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver".equals(driver);
}
public static boolean isMysql() {
return "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver".equals(driver);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection conn = DBAccess.getConnection();
DBAccess.close(conn);
System.out.println("isOracle:" + isOracle());
System.out.println("isSQLServer:" + isSQLServer());
System.out.println("isMysql:" + isMysql());
System.out.println("数据库连接(关闭)成功");
}
}
#oracle9i
#driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
#url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ora9
#user=test
#pwd=test
#sql2005
#driver=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
#url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1423;DatabaseName=test
#user=sa
#pwd=sa
#sql2000
#driver=com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver
#url=jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=unit6DB
#user=sa
#pwd=888888
#mysql5
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT
user=root
pwd=123
PageBean
package com.wxm.util;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
/**
*分页工具
*
*/
public class PageBean {
private int page = 1;// 页码
private int rows = 10;// 页大小
private int total = 0;// 总记录数
//保留上一次 的请求地址
private String url="";
//保留上一次请求所携带的参数
private Map<String, String[]> paMap=new HashMap<>();
/**
* pageBean初始化的方法
* @param req
*/
public void setRequest(HttpServletRequest req) {
//改变它第几页的数据
this.setPage(req.getParameter("page"));
//改变它每页展示的数据
// System.out.println(req.getParameter("rows"));
if(req.getParameter("rows")!=null) {
this.setRows(Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("rows")));
}else {
this.setRows(10);
}
//控制页面是否分页
this.setPagination(req.getParameter("pagination"));
this.setUrl(req.getRequestURL().toString());//上一次的地址
this.setPaMap(req.getParameterMap());//上一次查询的参数
}
private void setPagination(String parameter) {
// 当你填false就不分页
if("false".equals(pagination)) {
this.setPagination(false);
}
}
public void setPage(String page) {
// 如果不为空的时候
if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(page)) {
this.setPage(Integer.valueOf(page));
}
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public Map<String, String[]> getPaMap() {
return paMap;
}
public void setPaMap(Map<String, String[]> paMap) {
this.paMap = paMap;
}
private boolean pagination = true;// 是否分页
public PageBean() {
super();
}
public int getPage() {
return page;
}
public void setPage(int page) {
this.page = page;
}
public int getRows() {
return rows;
}
public void setRows(int rows) {
this.rows = rows;
}
public int getTotal() {
return total;
}
public void setTotal(int total) {
this.total = total;
}
public void setTotal(String total) {
this.total = Integer.parseInt(total);
}
public boolean isPagination() {
return pagination;
}
public void setPagination(boolean pagination) {
this.pagination = pagination;
}
/**
*获得起始记录的下标
*
* @return
*/
public int getStartIndex() {
return (this.page - 1) * this.rows;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "PageBean [page=" + page + ", rows=" + rows + ", total=" + total + ", pagination=" + pagination + "]";
}
/**
* 最大页码
* @return
*/
public int getMaxPage() {
return this.total%this.rows==0? this.total/this.rows:this.total/this.rows+1;
}
/**
* 获取下一页
* @return
*/
public int getNextPage() {
return this.page<this.getMaxPage()?this.page+1:this.page;
}
public int getPreviousPage() {
return this.page>1?this.page-1:this.page;
}
}
JsonUtil(专门用来处理Jon数据的工具包1)
package com.wxm.util;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 专门用来处理json数据的工具包
* @author 2019071003
*
*/
public class JsonUtils {
/**
* 从paramMap拿到咱们所需要用到的查询维度,用于sql语句拼接
* @param paramMap 获取从jsp页面传递到后台的参数集合(req.getParamterMap)
* @param key
* @return
*/
public static String getParamVal(Map<String,String[]> paramMap, String key) {
if(paramMap != null && paramMap.size()>0) {
String[] vals = paramMap.get(key);
if(vals != null && vals.length > 0) {
String val = Arrays.toString(vals);
return val.substring(1, val.length()-1);
}
return "";
}
return "";
}
}
RegionServlet
package com.wxm.web;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.wxm.dao.RegionDao;
import com.wxm.util.ResponseUtil;
public class RegionServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6531004209491725231L;
private RegionDao regionDao = new RegionDao();
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(req, resp);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
List<Map<String, Object>> list = regionDao.list(req.getParameterMap(), null);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
try {
ResponseUtil.write(resp, om.writeValueAsString(list));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
ResponseUtil
package com.wxm.util;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ResponseUtil {
public static void write(HttpServletResponse response,Object o)throws Exception{
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
out.println(o.toString());
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}
web.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>wxm_jquery</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>regionServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.wxm.web.RegionServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>regionServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/regionServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
demo10
$(function(){
var ctx = $("#ctx").val();
$.ajax({
url:ctx+"/regionServlet",
success:function(data){
for(index in data){
//console.log(data[index]);
$("#province").append("<option value='"+data[index].ID+"'>"+data[index].REGION_NAME+"</option>");
}
},
dataType:"json"
});
$("#province").change(function(){
$("option:gt(0)","#city").remove();
$.ajax({
url:ctx+"/regionServlet?ID="+this.value,
success:function(data){
for(index in data){
//console.log(data[index]);
$("#city").append("<option value='"+data[index].ID+"'>"+data[index].REGION_NAME+"</option>");
}
},
dataType:"json"
});
});
})
jsp 页面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/demo10.js"></script>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<input type="hidden" id="ctx" value="${pageContext.request.contextPath }">
<h1>$.ajax实现省市联动</h1>
<div>
收货地址
<select id="province">
<option selected="selected">---请选择省份---</option>
</select>
<select id="city">
<option selected="selected">---请选择城市---</option>
</select>
<select id=" county">
<option selected="selected">---请选择县区---</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
运行
结果: