用java生成验证码（新手）

这个类用来生成图片验证码

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class VerifyCode {
	private int w = 70;
	private int h = 35;
 	private Random r = new Random();
 	// {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
	private String[] fontNames  = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
	// 可选字符
	private String codes  = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
	// 背景色
	private Color bgColor  = new Color(255, 255, 255);
	// 验证码上的文本
	private String text ;
	
	// 生成随机的颜色
	private Color randomColor () {
		int red = r.nextInt(150);
		int green = r.nextInt(150);
		int blue = r.nextInt(150);
		return new Color(red, green, blue);
	}
	
	// 生成随机的字体
	private Font randomFont () {
		int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
		String fontName = fontNames[index];//生成随机的字体名称
		int style = r.nextInt(4);//生成随机的样式, 0(无样式), 1(粗体), 2(斜体), 3(粗体+斜体)
		int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; //生成随机字号, 24 ~ 28
		return new Font(fontName, style, size);
	}
	
	// 画干扰线
	private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
		int num  = 3;//一共画3条
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
		for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {//生成两个点的坐标，即4个值
			int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
			int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
			int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
			int y2 = r.nextInt(h); 
			g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F)); 
			g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); //干扰线是蓝色
			g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);//画线
		}
	}
	
	// 随机生成一个字符
	private char randomChar () {
		int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
		return codes.charAt(index);
	}
	
	// 创建BufferedImage
	private BufferedImage createImage () {
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics(); 
		g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
		g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
 		return image;
	}
	
	// 调用这个方法得到验证码
	public BufferedImage getImage () {
		BufferedImage image = createImage();//创建图片缓冲区 
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();//得到绘制环境
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//用来装载生成的验证码文本
		// 向图片中画4个字符
		for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)  {//循环四次，每次生成一个字符
			String s = randomChar() + "";//随机生成一个字母 
			sb.append(s); //把字母添加到sb中
			float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; //设置当前字符的x轴坐标
			g2.setFont(randomFont()); //设置随机字体
			g2.setColor(randomColor()); //设置随机颜色
			g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); //画图
		}
		this.text = sb.toString(); //把生成的字符串赋给了this.text
		drawLine(image); //添加干扰线
		return image;		
	}
	
	// 返回验证码图片上的文本
	public String getText () {
		return text;
	}
	
	// 保存图片到指定的输出流
	public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) 
				throws IOException {
		ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
	}
}

生成完验证码之后将图片先保存到session域中，再把图片响应给客户端

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.xinyu.image.VerifyCode;

public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {

	/**
	 * 生成图片
	 * 生成验证码保存到session中
	 * 把图片响应给客户端
	 * */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		VerifyCode ve = new VerifyCode();
		BufferedImage image =  ve.getImage();
		request.getSession().setAttribute("session_vcode", ve.getText());
		VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());
	}


	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

在loginServlet中判断验证码是否正确

		//jsp传入验证码
		String vCode = request.getParameter("verifyName");
		
		//VerifyCode传来的验证码
		String sName = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute("session_vcode");
		
		//检查验证码是否正确
		if (!sName.equalsIgnoreCase(vCode)) {
			request.setAttribute("msg", "验证码错误");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(request, response);
			return;
		}

操作客户端，实现验证码换一张功能

<script type="text/javascript">
function _change(){
	var imgFile = document.getElementById("img");
	imgFile.src="/XinyuProject/VerifyCodeServlet?a="+new Date().getTime();
	
}
</script>

jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function _change(){
	var imgFile = document.getElementById("img");
	imgFile.src="/XinyuProject/VerifyCodeServlet?a="+new Date().getTime();
	
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
	<% 	
		//设置错误信息
		String message="";
		String msg = (String)request.getAttribute("msg");
		if(msg!=null){
			message=msg;
		}
	%>
	<%
		String username = "";
		Cookie[] ck = request.getCookies();
		for(Cookie c:ck){
			if("username".equals(c.getName())){
				username = c.getValue();
			}	
		}
	%>
	<span><%=message %></span>
	<form action="/XinyuProject/LoginServlet">
		用户名：<input type="text" name="username" value="username"><br>
		密   码：<input type="password" name="pw"><br>
		验证码：<input  type="text" name="verifyName">
		<img id="img" src="/XinyuProject/VerifyCodeServlet"><br>
		<a href="javascript:_change()">换一张</a>
		<input type="submit" value="提交">
	</form>
</body>
</html>