JPA部署与简单实例

ide:idea
技术：maven jpa mysql

1. 导包 pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.4.10.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>5.4.10.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.13</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

1. 创建JPA的核心配置文件src/main/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml
   需要修改实际的数据库和用户密码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1"
	xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
	
	<!-- name为项目工程名 -->
	<persistence-unit name="jpademo">
		<!--1、 jap是一个规范，是一个接口，它没有任何的具体实现，这里需要指定一个jpa具体实现 -->
		<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
		<properties>
			<!-- 2、链接数据库的基本信息 -->
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpademo" />
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" />
			<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="123456" />
			<!--3、 jpa的具体实现，hibernate的基本属性 -->
			<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect" />
			<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
			<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
			<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
		</properties>
	</persistence-unit>
	
</persistence>

3、创建实体类，并用注解链接实体类和数据表的映射关系

@Entity
@Table(name="t_user")
public class User {
 
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) //自增长
	private int id;
	@Column(name="user_name")
	private String username;
	private String password;
    ...
}

4.使用junit测试：

@Test
	public void test() {
		//1.创建entityManagerFactory -- 参数为<persistence-unit name="jpademo">的name值
		EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("jpademo");
		//2.创建EntityManager
		EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
		//3.开启事务处理
		EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
		transaction.begin();
		//4.执行数据的CRUD
		User user = new User();
		user.setUsername("admin");
		user.setPassword("admin123");
		entityManager.persist(user);
		//5.提交事务
		transaction.commit();
		//6.关闭entityManager和entityManagerFactory
		entityManager.close();
		entityManagerFactory.close();
		
	}

更新

//更新
    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){
        User user1 = manager.getReference(User.class, 62);
        user1.setUserid(0);
        user1.setUsername("admin");
        user1.setUserpassword("admin123");
        manager.merge(user1);
    }

删除

//删除
    @Test
    public void testRemove(){
    //查出来的数据才可以删除
        User user1 = manager.getReference(User.class, 62);
         manager.remove(user1);
    }

增加

//增加
    @Test
    public void testInsert(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserid(1);
        user.setUsername("jimy");
        user.setUserpassword("1245");
         manager.persist(user);
    }

条件查询

 //条件查询
    @Test
    public void testWhere(){
        //位置匹配
        //  Query query = manager.createNativeQuery(("select * from User a  where a.username=?1 "), User.class);
        //  query.setParameter(1,"老王");

        //名字匹配
        Query query = manager.createNativeQuery(("select * from User a  where a.username = :name "), User.class);
       query.setParameter("name", "老王");
        List resultList = query.getResultList();
        for (Object o : resultList) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }

    }

原生sql	JPQL
update	merge
delete	remove
insert	persist
select	getRefrence