C++之简单实现vector

代码实现

此处实现直接放在了头文件中
环境：VS2017

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::cerr;
template<typename T>
class hn_vector
{
public:
	//构造函数
	hn_vector(int size = 0) :theSize(size), theCapacity(size + INIT_CAPACITY) 
	{
		cout << "进入构造函数" << endl;
		data = new T[theCapacity];
	}
	//复制构造函数
	hn_vector(const hn_vector& other) :theSize(0), theCapacity(0), data(nullptr) 
	{
		cout << "进入复制构造" << endl;
		//theSize = other.theSize;
		//theCapacity = other.theCapacity;
		//data = new T[theCapacity];
		//cout << "复制内存" << endl;
		//memcpy(data, other.data, theSize * sizeof(T));//使用内存复制函数
		*this = other;//也可以使用重载赋值运算符来实现


	}
	//重载赋值函数
	hn_vector& operator=(const hn_vector& other)
	{
		cout << "进入重载赋值运算符函数" << endl;
		if (this == &other)
			return *this;
		else
		{
			delete[] data;
			theSize = other.theSize;
			theCapacity = other.theCapacity;
			data = new T[theCapacity];

			for (int i = 0; i < theSize; i++)
			{
				data[i] = other.data[i];
			}
			return *this;
		}
	}
	//重载下标运算符
	T& operator[](int index)
	{
		return data[index];//非局部对象，可以返回引用，提高效率
	}
	//重新分配空间
	void reServe(int newCapacity)
	{
		cout << "重新分配空间" << endl;
		if (newCapacity<=theCapacity)
		{
			return;
		}
		theCapacity = newCapacity;
		T* temp = data;
		data = new T[newCapacity];
		memcpy(data, temp, theSize * sizeof(T));
		//for (int i = 0; i < theSize; i++)
		//{
		//	data[i] = temp[i];
		//}
		delete [] temp;
	}
	//push_back函数
	void push_back(T value)
	{
		cout << "进入push_back函数" << endl;
		if (theCapacity==theSize)
		{
			reServe(2 * theCapacity + 1);
		}
		data[theSize++] = value;
	}

	int size() 
	{
		return theSize;
	}

	int capacity()
	{
		return theCapacity;
	}
	//仅仅为了对比析构地址，实际不应有此成员函数
	T* get_address()
	{
		return data;
	}

	void assign(int num,T value)
	{
		if (num >= theCapacity)
		{
			reServe(theCapacity * 2 + 1);
		}
		theSize = 0;//若是之前assign了少于num的值被覆盖，多于num的值还在，但是theSize使我们访问不到，就好像不在了一样。
		for (int i=0; i < num; i++)
		{
			data[i] = value;
			theSize++;
		}
	}
	T at(int index)
	{
		if (index >= theSize)
		{
			cerr << "超出边界" << endl;
			return -1;
		}
		return data[index];
	}
	T& back()
	{
		return data[theSize - 1];
	}
	T& begin()
	{
		return data[0];
	}

	~hn_vector() {
		cout<<"进入析构，释放空间"<<endl;
		if (data != NULL)
		{
			cout<<"this.data address:"<<data<<endl;
			delete[] data;
		}
	}

private:
	const int INIT_CAPACITY = 5;
	int theSize;//已用大小
	int theCapacity;//总大小
	T* data;
public:
	T* iterator;
};

测试文件

#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include "hn_vector.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	hn_vector<int> v1;
	cout <<"size:"<< v1.size() << endl;
	v1.push_back(1);
	v1.push_back(2);
	v1.push_back(3);
	v1.push_back(4);
	v1.push_back(5);
	v1.push_back(6);
	cout<<"v1 size:"<<v1.size()<<"  v1 capacity:"<<v1.capacity()<<"  v1 address:"<<&v1<<"  v1.data address:"<<v1.get_address()<<endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < v1.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << v1[i] << " ";
	}
	cout << endl;
	cout << "===============" << endl;
	hn_vector<int> v2(v1);
	cout << "v2 size:" << v2.size() << "  v2 capacity:" << v2.capacity() << "  v2 address:" << &v2 << "  v2.data address:" << v2.get_address() << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < v2.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << v2[i] << " ";
	}
	cout << endl;
	cout << "===============" << endl;
	hn_vector<int> v3;
	v3= v1;
	cout << "v3 size:" << v3.size() << "  v3 capacity:" << v3.capacity() << "  v3 address:" << &v3 << "  v3.data address:" << v3.get_address() << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < v3.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << v3[i] << " ";
	}
	//cout << "============TEST====FUNC===============" << endl;
	//hn_vector<int> v4;
	//v4.assign(7, 100);
	//for (int i = 0; i < v4.size(); i++)
	//{
	//	cout << v4[i] << " ";
	//}
	//cout << endl;
	//v4.assign(6, 66);
	//cout << "v4 size:" << v4.size() << "  v4 capacity:" << v4.capacity() << "  v4 address:" << &v4 << "  v4.data address:" << v4.get_address() << endl;
	//for (int i = 0; i <= v4.size(); i++)
	//{
	//	cout << v4[i] << " ";
	//}
	//cout << endl;
	//cout << "at func:"<<v4.at(5)<<endl;
	//cout << "back func:" << v4.back() << endl;
	//cout << "begin func:" << v4.begin() << endl;
}

测试结果

总结

基本符合预期，功能未全部实现，只是实现了常用的几个。